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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Plasma adrenomedullin concentrations in critically ill neona...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2014; 28(4); 1294-1300; doi: 10.1111/jvim.12358

Plasma adrenomedullin concentrations in critically ill neonatal foals.

Abstract: Bacterial sepsis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal foals, but accurate diagnostic and prognostic markers are lacking. Adrenomedullin (AM) is a polypeptide with diverse biologic effects on the cardiovascular system that increases in septic humans and laboratory animals. Objective: Plasma AM concentration (p[AM]) is increased in septic neonatal foals compared to sick nonseptic and healthy control foals, and p[AM] is predictive of survival in septic neonatal foals. Methods: Ninety critically ill (42 septic, 48 sick nonseptic) and 61 healthy foals <1 week of age. Methods: A prospective observational clinical study was performed. Venous blood was collected from critically ill foals at admission and from healthy foals at 24 hours of age. Critically ill foals were categorized as septic or sick nonseptic based on blood culture results and sepsis score. Plasma [AM] was measured by using a commercially available ELISA for horses. Data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney U-test and P < .05 was considered significant. Results: Plasma [AM] was not significantly different between septic and sick nonseptic foals (P = .71), but critically ill foals had significantly increased p[AM] compared to healthy controls (P < .0001). In critically ill foals, p[AM] was not predictive of survival (P = .051). A p[AM] cutoff concentration of 0.041 ng/mL provided a test sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 54% to predict illness. Conclusions: Plasma [AM] shows promise as a marker of health in neonatal foals, but p[AM] increases nonspecifically during perinatal illnesses and is not necessarily associated with sepsis.
Copyright © 2014 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2014-04-28 PubMed ID: 24773029PubMed Central: PMC4857949DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12358Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Observational Study

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article investigates the potential use of plasma adrenomedullin concentrations as a diagnostic marker in critically ill neonatal foals, particularly in detecting sepsis. The study found that while these concentrations increase in sick foals compared to healthy ones, they do not specifically correlate with sepsis nor predict survival.

Research Objective and Methodology

  • The aim of this study was to examine whether plasma adrenomedullin concentration (p[AM]) was elevated in septic neonatal foals (foals suffering from bacterial infection in the bloodstream) compared to those that were either sick with other conditions or healthy. It also explored whether this measurement could predict the chance of survival in septic foals.
  • The research involved 90 critically ill foals (42 septic, 48 non-septic) and 61 healthy foals – all less than a week old. This study setup was a prospective observational clinical study.
  • Venous blood was collected from the foals with all critically ill foals being categorized as either septic or non-septic based on blood culture results and sepsis scores. A commercially available ELISA test was used to measure p[AM]. The data obtained was then analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U-test, and a P-value less than .05 was used to denote statistical significance.

Findings

  • No significant difference was found in plasma adrenomedullin [p[AM]] concentration between septic and non-septic foals. However, the study found that the concentration of adrenomedullin in the blood plasma was significantly higher in critically ill foals compared to the healthy ones.
  • The study also determined that the concentration of blood plasma adrenomedullin was not a predictor of survival among the ill foals. The test with a p[AM] cutoff concentration of 0.041 ng/mL had a 91% sensitivity and 54% specificity for predicting illness.

Conclusions

  • A conclusion derived from the study is that blood plasma adrenomedullin concentration might be a useful indicator of health versus illness in neonatal foals. However, the increase in p[AM] during illness is non-specific and does not necessarily indicate the presence of sepsis.

Cite This Article

APA
Toth B, Slovis NM, Constable PD, Taylor SD. (2014). Plasma adrenomedullin concentrations in critically ill neonatal foals. J Vet Intern Med, 28(4), 1294-1300. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12358

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 28
Issue: 4
Pages: 1294-1300

Researcher Affiliations

Toth, B
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
Slovis, N M
    Constable, P D
      Taylor, S D

        MeSH Terms

        • Adrenomedullin / blood
        • Animals
        • Animals, Newborn / blood
        • Biomarkers / blood
        • Case-Control Studies
        • Female
        • Horse Diseases / blood
        • Horses / blood
        • Male
        • Prospective Studies
        • Sepsis / blood
        • Sepsis / veterinary

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        Citations

        This article has been cited 3 times.
        1. Taylor S. A review of equine sepsis.. Equine Vet Educ 2015 Feb;27(2):99-109.
          doi: 10.1111/eve.12290pubmed: 32313390google scholar: lookup
        2. Wong DM, Ruby RE, Dembek KA, Barr BS, Reuss SM, Magdesian KG, Olsen E, Burns T, Slovis NM, Wilkins PA. Evaluation of updated sepsis scoring systems and systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria and their association with sepsis in equine neonates.. J Vet Intern Med 2018 May;32(3):1185-1193.
          doi: 10.1111/jvim.15087pubmed: 29582480google scholar: lookup
        3. Zabrecky KA, Slovis NM, Constable PD, Taylor SD. Plasma C-reactive protein and haptoglobin concentrations in critically ill neonatal foals.. J Vet Intern Med 2015 Mar-Apr;29(2):673-7.
          doi: 10.1111/jvim.12568pubmed: 25818221google scholar: lookup
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