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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Plasma amino acid concentrations during experimental hyperin...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2021; 35(3); 1589-1596; doi: 10.1111/jvim.16095

Plasma amino acid concentrations during experimental hyperinsulinemia in 2 laminitis models.

Abstract: Endocrinopathic laminitis develops in association with insulin dysregulation, but the role of insulin in the pathogenesis remains unclear. Hyperinsulinemia can cause hypoaminoacidemia, which is associated with integumentary lesions in other species and therefore warrants investigation as a potential mechanism in laminitis. Objective: Evaluate plasma amino acid concentrations in the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC) and prolonged glucose infusion (PGI) laminitis models. Methods: Sixteen Standardbred horses. Methods: Prospective experimental study. Plasma amino acid concentrations were measured in samples collected every 6 hours from horses that underwent a 48-hour EHC (n = 8) or 66-hour PGI (n = 8) after a 24- or 6-hour baseline period in EHC and PGI groups, respectively. Results: Fifteen of the 20 measured amino acid concentrations decreased over time in both EHC and PGI horses (P < 0.001). The median percentage change from baseline for these amino acids was: histidine (EHC: 41.5%; PGI: 43.9%), glutamine (EHC: 51.8%; PGI: 35.3%), arginine (EHC: 51.4%; PGI: 41%), glutamic acid (EHC: 52.4%; PGI: 31.7%), threonine (EHC: 62.8%; PGI: 25.2%), alanine (EHC: 48.9%; PGI: 19.5%), proline (EHC: 56.2%; PGI: 30.3%), cystine (EHC: 34.9%; PGI: 31.2%), lysine (EHC: 46.4%; PGI: 27.8%), tyrosine (EHC: 27.5%; PGI: 16.9%), methionine (EHC: 69.3%; PGI: 50.8%), valine (EHC: 50.8%; PGI: 34.4%), isoleucine (EHC: 60.8%; PGI: 38.7%), leucine (EHC: 48.2%; PGI: 36.6%), and phenylalanine (EHC: 16.6%; PGI: 12.1%). Conclusions: Hypoaminoacidemia develops in EHC and PGI laminitis models. The role of hypoaminoacidemia in the development of hyperinsulinemia-associated laminitis warrants further investigation.
© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2021-03-11 PubMed ID: 33704816PubMed Central: PMC8163125DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16095Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study investigates the effect of high insulin levels on plasma amino acid concentrations in horses, providing key insights that could help understand the development of endocrinopathic laminitis—a common and painful hoof disease.

Objective

  • The research primarily aims to explore the role of insulin in the onset of endocrinopathic laminitis, a debilitating condition affecting hooves of horses. The inspection is conducted based on the evidence that high insulin (hyperinsulinemia) may potentially lead to lower than usual amino acid levels (hypoaminoacidemia) in the blood plasma, which could potentially be associated with the development of hoof-related diseases.

Method

  • Sixteen Standardbred horses were examined in a prospective experimental study setup, where plasma amino acid concentrations were measured at intervals of six hours.
  • The horses underwent either a 48-hour euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC, n=8) or a 66-hour prolonged glucose infusion (PGI, n=8) after a 24- or 6-hour baseline period in the respective groups.

Results

  • The data from both EHC and PGI groups revealed that 15 out of 20 measured amino acid concentrations reduced over time.
  • The median percentage changes recorded from the baseline for these amino acids ranged differently for each group (EHC and PGI) and for each amino acid.

Conclusion

  • The study finds that hypoaminoacidemia develops in both EHC and PGI laminitis models, reinforcing the potential connection between hyperinsulinemia and hypoaminoacidemia.
  • The role of hypoaminoacidemia in the development of hyperinsulinemia-associated laminitis remains uncertain and warrants further research for definitive conclusions.

Cite This Article

APA
Stokes SM, Stefanovski D, Bertin FR, Medina-Torres CE, Belknap JK, van Eps AW. (2021). Plasma amino acid concentrations during experimental hyperinsulinemia in 2 laminitis models. J Vet Intern Med, 35(3), 1589-1596. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16095

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 35
Issue: 3
Pages: 1589-1596

Researcher Affiliations

Stokes, Simon M
  • Australian Equine Laminitis Research Unit, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.
Stefanovski, Darko
  • Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
Bertin, François-René
  • Australian Equine Laminitis Research Unit, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.
Medina-Torres, Carlos E
  • Australian Equine Laminitis Research Unit, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.
Belknap, James K
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
van Eps, Andrew W
  • Australian Equine Laminitis Research Unit, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.
  • Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Amino Acids
  • Animals
  • Foot Diseases / veterinary
  • Hoof and Claw
  • Horse Diseases / etiology
  • Horses
  • Hyperinsulinism / veterinary
  • Prospective Studies

Grant Funding

  • Grayson-Jockey Club Research Foundation

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Stoeckle SD, Timmermann D, Merle R, Gehlen H. Plasma Amino Acid Concentration in Obese Horses with/without Insulin Dysregulation and Laminitis. Animals (Basel) 2022 Dec 18;12(24).
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  2. Stoeckle SD, Timmermann D, Merle R, Gehlen H. Plasma Amino Acids in Horses Suffering from Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction. Animals (Basel) 2022 Nov 27;12(23).
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