Plasma Non-targeted Metabolomics Analysis of Yili Horses Raced on Tracks With Different Surface Hardness.
Abstract: In this study, the plasma non-targeted metabolomics of Yili horses were characterized before and after exercise on tracks that differed in surface hardness to better understand exercise-related biochemical changes. Blood samples were obtained from eight trained Yili horses before and immediately after exercise. Samples were used for metabolomic analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-Q-EXACTIVE mass spectrometry. In total, 938 significantly different metabolites involving sugar, lipid, and amino acid metabolism were detected in the plasma, with significant increases in glucose, glucoheptanoic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, and methylmalonic acid and significant decreases in creatinine, D-tryptophan, carnitine, and citric acid after exercise. Among these metabolites, acetylcarnitine, tuliposide, vitamin C, and methylmalonic acid showed regular changes in concentration after exercise on tracks that differed in surface hardness, providing new insights into equine exercise physiology. The findings indicated the potential of vitamin C and methylmalonic acid as novel biomarkers of equine locomotor injury.
Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2022-12-23 PubMed ID: 36572130DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104197Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research studies the change in biochemical substances in a breed of horses, Yili, during exercise on differing levels of surface hardness. It suggests Vitamin C and methylmalonic acid as potential novel markers for equine locomotion injury.
Objective of the Study
- The main objective of the study was to understand the biochemical changes in Yili horses during exercise.
- This was achieved through a thorough analysis of the horses’ plasma metabolomics pre and post exercise on surfaces with varying hardness.
- The study also aimed to offer further insights into equine exercise physiology.
Methodology
- The researchers collected blood samples from eight trained Yili horses, both prior to and immediately after the exercise.
- For a comprehensive metabolomics analysis, they used ultra-performance liquid chromatography-Q-EXACTIVE mass spectrometry, a highly sensitive and widely-used technique in metabolite profiling.
Key Findings
- The analysis revealed 938 significantly altered metabolites, particularly in sugar, lipid, and amino acid metabolism.
- Among them, significant increases were detected in glucose, glucoheptanoic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, and methylmalonic acid post the exercise.
- In contrast, notable reductions were observed in creatinine, D-tryptophan, carnitine, and citric acid.
- The study also mentions specific metabolites such as acetylcarnitine, tuliposide, vitamin C, and methylmalonic acid. The concentration of these metabolites showed a regular pattern of change post exercise on surfaces of various hardness levels.
Significance
- This research provides valuable insights into equine exercise physiology, making notable contributions to the field.
- Two metabolites, vitamin C and methylmalonic acid, were identified as potential new biomarkers for equine locomotion injuries. This finding indicates potential for recognizing and diagnosing locomotion problems in horses at an early stage.
Cite This Article
APA
Wang T, Zeng Y, Ma C, Meng J, Wang J, Ren W, Wang C, Yuan X, Yang X, Yao X.
(2022).
Plasma Non-targeted Metabolomics Analysis of Yili Horses Raced on Tracks With Different Surface Hardness.
J Equine Vet Sci, 121, 104197.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104197 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China.
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China; Xinjiang Agricultural University Horse Industry Research Institute, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China.
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China.
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China; Xinjiang Agricultural University Horse Industry Research Institute, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China.
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China; Xinjiang Agricultural University Horse Industry Research Institute, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China.
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China.
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China.
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China.
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China.
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China; Xinjiang Agricultural University Horse Industry Research Institute, Urumqi, Xinjinag, China. Electronic address: yxk61@126.com.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Horses
- Hardness
- Methylmalonic Acid
- Metabolomics / methods
- Carnitine / metabolism
- Ascorbic Acid
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Wang T, Meng J, Yang X, Zeng Y, Yao X, Ren W. Differential Metabolomics and Cardiac Function in Trained vs. Untrained Yili Performance Horses. Animals (Basel) 2025 Aug 20;15(16).
- Wang T, Meng J, Peng X, Huang J, Huang Y, Yuan X, Li X, Yang X, Chang X, Zeng Y, Yao X. Metabolomics analysis and mRNA/miRNA profiling reveal potential cardiac regulatory mechanisms in Yili racehorses under different training regimens. PLoS One 2025;20(7):e0322468.
- Chang X, Zhang Z, Yao X, Meng J, Ren W, Zeng Y. Lipidomics and biochemical profiling of adult Yili horses in a 26 km endurance race: exploring metabolic adaptations. Front Vet Sci 2025;12:1597739.
- Wang T, Meng J, Wang J, Ren W, Yang X, Adina W, Bao Y, Zeng Y, Yao X. Absolute Quantitative Lipidomics Reveals Differences in Lipid Compounds in the Blood of Trained and Untrained Yili Horses. Vet Sci 2025 Mar 10;12(3).
- Wang J, Ren W, Li Z, Li L, Wang R, Ma S, Zeng Y, Meng J, Yao X. Plasma Lipidomics and Proteomics Analyses Pre- and Post-5000 m Race in Yili Horses. Animals (Basel) 2025 Mar 30;15(7).
- Khamis TA, Shawaf T, El-Deeb W, Almubarak A, Al-Ali MA, Almuaqqil M, AlAiyan A, Homeida AM. Preliminary study on heart response and locomotor parameters in Donkeys (Equus asinus) during exercise using fitness tracker (Equimetre). Sci Rep 2024 Sep 27;14(1):22211.
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