Plasma protein changes in horse after prolonged physical exercise: a proteomic study.
Abstract: Physical exercise induces various stress responses and metabolic adaptations that have not yet been completely elucidated. Novel biomarkers are needed in sport veterinary medicine to monitor training levels and to detect subclinical conditions that can develop into exercise-related diseases. In this study, protein modifications in horse plasma induced by prolonged, aerobic physical exercise were investigated by using a proteomic approach based on 2-DE and combined mass spectrometry procedures. Thirty-eight protein spots, associated with expression products of 13 genes, showed significant quantitative changes; spots identified as membrane Cu amine oxidase, α-1 antitrypsin, α-1 antitrypsin-related protein, caeruloplasmin, α-2 macroglobulin and complement factor C4 were augmented in relative abundance after the race, while haptoglobin β chain, apolipoprotein A-I, transthyretin, retinol binding protein 4, fibrinogen γ chain, complement factor B and albumin fragments were reduced. These results indicate that prolonged physical exercise affects plasma proteins involved in pathways related to inflammation, coagulation, immune modulation, oxidant/antioxidant activity and cellular and vascular damage, with consequent effects on whole horse metabolism.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2012-04-24 PubMed ID: 22546489DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.04.014Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research investigates the changes in protein structures in horse plasma following extensive aerobic exercise. It provides valuable insights into potential biomarkers to monitor training levels and detect diseases in sport horses.
Research Purpose
The primary purpose of the study was to identify changes in protein structures in horse plasma induced by prolonged, aerobic physical exercise. It aimed to contribute to the understanding of physiological responses and metabolic adaptations after extended physical exertion. The research could lead to the identification of novel biomarkers used to monitor training intensities and detect underlying health conditions potentially progressing into exercise-related diseases.
Methodology
The research utilizes proteomic approach, utilizing techniques such as:
- Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis (2-DE): This is an advanced procedure in which a complex mixture of proteins is separated into individual proteins based on two distinct properties – isoelectric point and molecular weight.
- Mass Spectrometry: It’s an analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions, facilitating the identification and structural characterisation of molecules.
Results
The study observed significant quantitative changes in 38 protein spots notably associated with the expression products of 13 genes. Some proteins increased in relative abundance following the exercise, including:
- Membrane Cu amine oxidase,
- α-1 antitrypsin,
- α-1 antitrypsin-related protein,
- Caeruloplasmin,
- α-2 macroglobulin,
- Complement factor C4.
Conversely, some proteins were found reduced after the physical activity:
- Haptoglobin β chain,
- Apolipoprotein A-I,
- Transthyretin,
- Retinol binding protein 4,
- Fibrinogen γ chain,
- Complement factor B,
- Albumin fragments.
Implications
These results suggest that prolonged physical exercise impacts plasma proteins involved in inflammation, coagulation, immune modulation, oxidant/antioxidant activity and cellular and vascular damage pathways, consequently affecting the overall horse metabolism. This research can significantly improve monitoring and disease detection in sport horses, highlighting the value of proteomic studies in veterinary and exercise science.
Cite This Article
APA
Scoppetta F, Tartaglia M, Renzone G, Avellini L, Gaiti A, Scaloni A, Chiaradia E.
(2012).
Plasma protein changes in horse after prolonged physical exercise: a proteomic study.
J Proteomics, 75(14), 4494-4504.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2012.04.014 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Sport Horse Research Centre, Department of Pathologic, Diagnostic and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
MeSH Terms
- Adaptation, Physiological / physiology
- Animals
- Blood Proteins / analysis
- Horses / physiology
- Physical Endurance / physiology
- Physical Exertion / physiology
- Proteome / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 13 times.- Soroko-Dubrovina M, Górniak W, Zielińska P, Górniak A, Čebulj-Kadunc N, Korczyński M. Evaluation of Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinula edodes) Supplementation on the Blood Parameters of Young Thoroughbred Racehorses.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Nov 19;12(22).
- Wijekoon S, Tsogbadrakh M, Sunaga T, Wang Y, Mwale C, Kim S, Alimaa D, Okumura M. Pentosan polysulfate regulates hepcidin expression in native Mongolian horses.. J Vet Med Sci 2022 Oct 7;84(10):1437-1441.
- Nohara M, Hisaeda K, Ono T, Inoue Y, Ogawa K, Hata A, Sibano K, Nagahata H, Fujitani N. The relationships between environmental parameters in livestock pen and physiological parameters of Holstein dairy cows.. J Vet Med Sci 2022 Jul 10;84(7):964-977.
- Bravo-Barriga D, Serrano-Aguilera FJ, Barrasa-Rita R, Habela MÁ, Chacón RB, Ezquerra LJ, Martín-Cuervo M. Effects of Competitive ELISA-Positive Results of Piroplasmosis on the Performance of Endurance Horses.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Mar 3;12(5).
- Cappelli K, Mecocci S, Capomaccio S, Beccati F, Palumbo AR, Tognoloni A, Pepe M, Chiaradia E. Circulating Transcriptional Profile Modulation in Response to Metabolic Unbalance Due to Long-Term Exercise in Equine Athletes: A Pilot Study.. Genes (Basel) 2021 Dec 9;12(12).
- Zamanian-Azodi M, Khatoon Hajisayah S, Razzaghi M, Rezaei-Tavirani M. Introducing physical exercise as a potential strategy in liver cancer prevention and development.. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 2021 Fall;14(4):317-322.
- Deng L, Han Y, Tang C, Liao Q, Li Z. Label-Free Mass Spectrometry-Based Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Serum Proteins During Early Pregnancy in Jennies (Equus asinus).. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:569587.
- Nieman DC, Pence BD. Exercise immunology: Future directions.. J Sport Health Sci 2020 Sep;9(5):432-445.
- Nieman DC, Groen AJ, Pugachev A, Simonson AJ, Polley K, James K, El-Khodor BF, Varadharaj S, Hernández-Armenta C. Proteomics-Based Detection of Immune Dysfunction in an Elite Adventure Athlete Trekking Across the Antarctica.. Proteomes 2020 Mar 3;8(1).
- Merritt EK, Nieman DC, Toone BR, Groen A, Pugachev A. Proteomic Markers of Non-functional Overreaching During the Race Across America (RAAM): A Case Study.. Front Physiol 2019;10:1410.
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- Jauchem JR, Cerna CZ, Lim TY, Seaman RL. Exposures of Sus scrofa to a TASER(®) conducted electrical weapon: no effects on 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis patterns of plasma proteins.. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2014 Dec;10(4):526-34.
- Chemonges S, Tung JP, Fraser JF. Proteogenomics of selective susceptibility to endotoxin using circulating acute phase biomarkers and bioassay development in sheep: a review.. Proteome Sci 2014 Mar 1;12(1):12.
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