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Immunogenetics2009; 61(7); 513-527; doi: 10.1007/s00251-009-0380-0

Polymorphism and selection in the major histocompatibility complex DRA and DQA genes in the family Equidae.

Abstract: The major histocompatibility complex genes coding for antigen binding and presenting molecules are the most polymorphic genes in the vertebrate genome. We studied the DRA and DQA gene polymorphism of the family Equidae. In addition to 11 previously reported DRA and 24 DQA alleles, six new DRA sequences and 13 new DQA alleles were identified in the genus Equus. Phylogenetic analysis of both DRA and DQA sequences provided evidence for trans-species polymorphism in the family Equidae. The phylogenetic trees differed from species relationships defined by standard taxonomy of Equidae and from trees based on mitochondrial or neutral gene sequence data. Analysis of selection showed differences between the less variable DRA and more variable DQA genes. DRA alleles were more often shared by more species. The DQA sequences analysed showed strong amongst-species positive selection; the selected amino acid positions mostly corresponded to selected positions in rodent and human DQA genes.
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Publication Date: 2009-06-26 PubMed ID: 19557406DOI: 10.1007/s00251-009-0380-0Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper explores the high variability of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes in the Equidae family, specifically focusing on DRA and DQA genes. The study discovered new alleles of these genes while also observing the phenomenon of trans-species polymorphism and the effect of selective pressures.

Study on Polymorphism in DRA and DQA Genes

  • The paper concentrates on the polymorphism, which is the occurrence of variations, of DRA and DQA genes in the Equidae family. These genes code for antigen-binding and antigen-presenting molecules, which are vital components in an organism’s immune response.
  • The study expands on previous work and adds to gene polymorphism knowledge by identifying six new DRA sequences and thirteen new DQA alleles in the genus Equus, which includes horses, donkeys, and zebras, etc.

Trans-Species Polymorphism in the Equidae Family

  • One significant observation from the phylogenetic analysis of DRA and DQA sequences is the evidence of trans-species polymorphism in the Equidae family. Trans-species polymorphism is an unusual genetic pattern where the same variants of a gene are found across different species.
  • In the study, the researchers found that the phylogenetic trees produced using DRA and DQA sequences didn’t match the species relationships defined by standard taxonomy or those based on mitochondrial or neutral gene sequence data. This discrepancy suggests that the same genetic variants might be sustained across different species within the Equidae family.

Analysis of Selection in DRA and DQA Genes

  • The study examined the selective pressures on DRA and DQA genes. Selective pressures are environmental factors that contribute to the survival and reproduction of certain genetic variants over others.
  • Researchers found differences between the DRA and DQA genes, with DRA alleles being less variable and more commonly shared among different species. In contrast, DQA genes were found to be more variable and demonstrating strong among-species positive selection, supporting that DQA genes have been under a stronger selective pressure, possibly due to their direct interaction with pathogens.
  • The selected amino acid positions in DQA genes mostly corresponded to the positions selected in rodent and human DQA genes, indicating similar evolutionary processes and pressures in different species.

Cite This Article

APA
Janova E, Matiasovic J, Vahala J, Vodicka R, Van Dyk E, Horin P. (2009). Polymorphism and selection in the major histocompatibility complex DRA and DQA genes in the family Equidae. Immunogenetics, 61(7), 513-527. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-009-0380-0

Publication

Immunogenetics
ISSN: 1432-1211
NlmUniqueID: 0420404
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 61
Issue: 7
Pages: 513-527

Researcher Affiliations

Janova, Eva
  • Institute of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
Matiasovic, Jan
    Vahala, Jiri
      Vodicka, Roman
        Van Dyk, Enette
          Horin, Petr

            MeSH Terms

            • Alleles
            • Animals
            • Base Sequence
            • Czech Republic
            • DNA / genetics
            • DNA Primers / genetics
            • Equidae / classification
            • Equidae / genetics
            • Equidae / immunology
            • Evolution, Molecular
            • Genetic Variation
            • Horses / genetics
            • Horses / immunology
            • Immunogenetic Phenomena
            • Major Histocompatibility Complex
            • Molecular Sequence Data
            • Phylogeny
            • Polymorphism, Genetic
            • Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
            • Selection, Genetic
            • Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
            • Species Specificity

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