FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / J Virol / Posttranscriptional effector domains in the Rev proteins of ...
Journal of virology1994; 68(3); 1998-2001; doi: 10.1128/JVI.68.3.1998-2001.1994

Posttranscriptional effector domains in the Rev proteins of feline immunodeficiency virus and equine infectious anemia virus.

Abstract: By systematically dissecting the Rev proteins of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), we have identified within each a short peptide that is functionally interchangeable with the effector domains found in Rev-like proteins from other retroviruses. The active sequences from FIV and EIAV differ in several respects from other known effectors and may represent a distinct class of effector domain.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 1994-03-01 PubMed ID: 8107262PubMed Central: PMC236666DOI: 10.1128/JVI.68.3.1998-2001.1994Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article focuses on the identification and analysis of a specific region within the Rev proteins of both feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) that they discovered to be interchangeable with effector domains in other retroviruses; they suggest these sequences may represent a new class of effector domain.

Rev Proteins and Effector Domains

  • The researchers were primarily focusing on Rev proteins, which are crucial components in the replication cycle of retroviruses, including FIV and EIAV.
  • The Rev proteins support the transportation of viral RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in the host cells, facilitating the assembly of new virus particles.
  • Specifically, the researchers were interested in the ‘effector domains’ of the Rev proteins. These domains are responsible for their activity, that is, they play a key role in enabling the communication and interaction between the protein and other molecules within the cell.

Identification and Analysis of New Effector Domains

  • Through systematic analysis and dissection of the Rev proteins found in FIV and EIAV, researchers identified a short peptide, a small portion of the protein, that appears to function the same way as effector domains in other retroviruses.
  • This observation led them to suggest that this specific region of the Rev proteins might be interchangeable with the effector domains found in other members of the retrovirus family.

Potential New Classification of Effector Domains

  • The researchers found that the identified sequence in Rev proteins from FIV and EIAV showed differences when compared to other known effector domains.
  • These differences in the newly discovered sequences led them to suggest that these particular sequences could represent a different class of effector domain.
  • The differences could mean the functional attributes of these effector domains are somehow unique, and sheds light on the complexity and diversity of the mechanisms employed by different viruses within the retrovirus family.

Cite This Article

APA
Mancuso VA, Hope TJ, Zhu L, Derse D, Phillips T, Parslow TG. (1994). Posttranscriptional effector domains in the Rev proteins of feline immunodeficiency virus and equine infectious anemia virus. J Virol, 68(3), 1998-2001. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.68.3.1998-2001.1994

Publication

Journal of virology
ISSN: 0022-538X
NlmUniqueID: 0113724
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 68
Issue: 3
Pages: 1998-2001

Researcher Affiliations

Mancuso, V A
  • Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0506.
Hope, T J
    Zhu, L
      Derse, D
        Phillips, T
          Parslow, T G

            MeSH Terms

            • Amino Acid Sequence
            • DNA Mutational Analysis
            • Gene Products, rev / genetics
            • Gene Products, rev / pharmacology
            • Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / genetics
            • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / genetics
            • Molecular Sequence Data
            • RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional / drug effects
            • Recombinant Proteins / pharmacology
            • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
            • Structure-Activity Relationship

            Grant Funding

            • AI29313 / NIAID NIH HHS
            • GM43574 / NIGMS NIH HHS

            References

            This article includes 22 references
            1. Rimsky L, Hauber J, Dukovich M, Malim MH, Langlois A, Cullen BR, Greene WC. Functional replacement of the HIV-1 rev protein by the HTLV-1 rex protein.. Nature 1988 Oct 20;335(6192):738-40.
              pubmed: 3262832doi: 10.1038/335738a0google scholar: lookup
            2. Phillips TR, Lamont C, Konings DA, Shacklett BL, Hamson CA, Luciw PA, Elder JH. Identification of the Rev transactivation and Rev-responsive elements of feline immunodeficiency virus.. J Virol 1992 Sep;66(9):5464-71.
              pubmed: 1323707doi: 10.1128/JVI.66.9.5464-5471.1992google scholar: lookup
            3. Felber BK, Hadzopoulou-Cladaras M, Cladaras C, Copeland T, Pavlakis GN. rev protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 affects the stability and transport of the viral mRNA.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1989 Mar;86(5):1495-9.
              pubmed: 2784208doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.5.1495google scholar: lookup
            4. Hammarskjöld ML, Heimer J, Hammarskjöld B, Sangwan I, Albert L, Rekosh D. Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus env expression by the rev gene product.. J Virol 1989 May;63(5):1959-66.
              pubmed: 2704072doi: 10.1128/JVI.63.5.1959-1966.1989google scholar: lookup
            5. Perkins A, Cochrane AW, Ruben SM, Rosen CA. Structural and functional characterization of the human immunodeficiency virus rev protein.. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988) 1989;2(3):256-63.
              pubmed: 2656990
            6. Malim MH, Böhnlein S, Hauber J, Cullen BR. Functional dissection of the HIV-1 Rev trans-activator--derivation of a trans-dominant repressor of Rev function.. Cell 1989 Jul 14;58(1):205-14.
              pubmed: 2752419doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90416-9google scholar: lookup
            7. Rimsky L, Dodon MD, Dixon EP, Greene WC. Trans-dominant inactivation of HTLV-I and HIV-1 gene expression by mutation of the HTLV-I Rex transactivator.. Nature 1989 Oct 5;341(6241):453-6.
              pubmed: 2677743doi: 10.1038/341453a0google scholar: lookup
            8. Chang DD, Sharp PA. Regulation by HIV Rev depends upon recognition of splice sites.. Cell 1989 Dec 1;59(5):789-95.
              pubmed: 2686839doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90602-8google scholar: lookup
            9. Mermer B, Felber BK, Campbell M, Pavlakis GN. Identification of trans-dominant HIV-1 rev protein mutants by direct transfer of bacterially produced proteins into human cells.. Nucleic Acids Res 1990 Apr 25;18(8):2037-44.
              pubmed: 2186373doi: 10.1093/nar/18.8.2037google scholar: lookup
            10. Stephens RM, Derse D, Rice NR. Cloning and characterization of cDNAs encoding equine infectious anemia virus tat and putative Rev proteins.. J Virol 1990 Aug;64(8):3716-25.
              pubmed: 2164593doi: 10.1128/JVI.64.8.3716-3725.1990google scholar: lookup
            11. Hope TJ, McDonald D, Huang XJ, Low J, Parslow TG. Mutational analysis of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev transactivator: essential residues near the amino terminus.. J Virol 1990 Nov;64(11):5360-6.
              pubmed: 2120472doi: 10.1128/JVI.64.11.5360-5366.1990google scholar: lookup
            12. Lu XB, Heimer J, Rekosh D, Hammarskjöld ML. U1 small nuclear RNA plays a direct role in the formation of a rev-regulated human immunodeficiency virus env mRNA that remains unspliced.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990 Oct;87(19):7598-602.
              pubmed: 2217190doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.19.7598google scholar: lookup
            13. Hope TJ, Huang XJ, McDonald D, Parslow TG. Steroid-receptor fusion of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev transactivator: mapping cryptic functions of the arginine-rich motif.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990 Oct;87(19):7787-91.
              pubmed: 2217212doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.19.7787google scholar: lookup
            14. Cullen BR. Human immunodeficiency virus as a prototypic complex retrovirus.. J Virol 1991 Mar;65(3):1053-6.
              pubmed: 1995941doi: 10.1128/JVI.65.3.1053-1056.1991google scholar: lookup
            15. Huang XJ, Hope TJ, Bond BL, McDonald D, Grahl K, Parslow TG. Minimal Rev-response element for type 1 human immunodeficiency virus.. J Virol 1991 Apr;65(4):2131-4.
              pubmed: 2002556doi: 10.1128/JVI.65.4.2131-2134.1991google scholar: lookup
            16. Tiley LS, Malim MH, Cullen BR. Conserved functional organization of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and visna virus Rev proteins.. J Virol 1991 Jul;65(7):3877-81.
              pubmed: 1645796doi: 10.1128/JVI.65.7.3877-3881.1991google scholar: lookup
            17. Malim MH, McCarn DF, Tiley LS, Cullen BR. Mutational definition of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev activation domain.. J Virol 1991 Aug;65(8):4248-54.
              pubmed: 2072452doi: 10.1128/JVI.65.8.4248-4254.1991google scholar: lookup
            18. Kiyomasu T, Miyazawa T, Furuya T, Shibata R, Sakai H, Sakuragi J, Fukasawa M, Maki N, Hasegawa A, Mikami T. Identification of feline immunodeficiency virus rev gene activity.. J Virol 1991 Aug;65(8):4539-42.
              pubmed: 1649349doi: 10.1128/JVI.65.8.4539-4542.1991google scholar: lookup
            19. Zapp ML, Hope TJ, Parslow TG, Green MR. Oligomerization and RNA binding domains of the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus Rev protein: a dual function for an arginine-rich binding motif.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991 Sep 1;88(17):7734-8.
              pubmed: 1715576doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.17.7734google scholar: lookup
            20. Kjems J, Frankel AD, Sharp PA. Specific regulation of mRNA splicing in vitro by a peptide from HIV-1 Rev.. Cell 1991 Oct 4;67(1):169-78.
              pubmed: 1913815doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90580-rgoogle scholar: lookup
            21. Hope TJ, Bond BL, McDonald D, Klein NP, Parslow TG. Effector domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev and human T-cell leukemia virus type I Rex are functionally interchangeable and share an essential peptide motif.. J Virol 1991 Nov;65(11):6001-7.
              pubmed: 1920623doi: 10.1128/JVI.65.11.6001-6007.1991google scholar: lookup
            22. Malim MH, Hauber J, Le SY, Maizel JV, Cullen BR. The HIV-1 rev trans-activator acts through a structured target sequence to activate nuclear export of unspliced viral mRNA.. Nature 1989 Mar 16;338(6212):254-7.
              pubmed: 2784194doi: 10.1038/338254a0google scholar: lookup

            Citations

            This article has been cited 31 times.
            1. Li J, Zhang X, Bai B, Zhang M, Ma W, Lin Y, Wang X, Wang XF. Identification of a Novel Post-transcriptional Transactivator from the Equine Infectious Anemia Virus.. J Virol 2022 Dec 21;96(24):e0121022.
              doi: 10.1128/jvi.01210-22pubmed: 36448796google scholar: lookup
            2. Kenyon JC, Lever AM. The molecular biology of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV).. Viruses 2011 Nov;3(11):2192-213.
              doi: 10.3390/v3112192pubmed: 22163340google scholar: lookup
            3. Carpenter S, Chen WC, Dorman KS. Rev variation during persistent lentivirus infection.. Viruses 2011 Jan;3(1):1-11.
              doi: 10.3390/v3010001pubmed: 21994723google scholar: lookup
            4. Ihm Y, Sparks WO, Lee JH, Cao H, Carpenter S, Wang CZ, Ho KM, Dobbs D. Structural model of the Rev regulatory protein from equine infectious anemia virus.. PLoS One 2009;4(1):e4178.
              doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004178pubmed: 19137065google scholar: lookup
            5. Sparks WO, Dorman KS, Liu S, Carpenter S. Naturally arising point mutations in non-essential domains of equine infectious anemia virus Rev alter Rev-dependent nuclear-export activity.. J Gen Virol 2008 Apr;89(Pt 4):1043-1048.
              doi: 10.1099/vir.0.83195-0pubmed: 18343848google scholar: lookup
            6. Terribilini M, Lee JH, Yan C, Jernigan RL, Carpenter S, Honavar V, Dobbs D. Identifying interaction sites in "recalcitrant" proteins: predicted protein and RNA binding sites in rev proteins of HIV-1 and EIAV agree with experimental data.. Pac Symp Biocomput 2006;:415-26.
              pubmed: 17094257
            7. Lee JH, Murphy SC, Belshan M, Sparks WO, Wannemuehler Y, Liu S, Hope TJ, Dobbs D, Carpenter S. Characterization of functional domains of equine infectious anemia virus Rev suggests a bipartite RNA-binding domain.. J Virol 2006 Apr;80(8):3844-52.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.80.8.3844-3852.2006pubmed: 16571801google scholar: lookup
            8. de Rozières S, Mathiason CK, Rolston MR, Chatterji U, Hoover EA, Elder JH. Characterization of a highly pathogenic molecular clone of feline immunodeficiency virus clade C.. J Virol 2004 Sep;78(17):8971-82.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.78.17.8971-8982.2004pubmed: 15308694google scholar: lookup
            9. Rowland RR, Yoo D. Nucleolar-cytoplasmic shuttling of PRRSV nucleocapsid protein: a simple case of molecular mimicry or the complex regulation by nuclear import, nucleolar localization and nuclear export signal sequences.. Virus Res 2003 Sep;95(1-2):23-33.
              doi: 10.1016/s0168-1702(03)00161-8pubmed: 12921993google scholar: lookup
            10. Venkatesh LK, Gettemeier T, Chinnadurai G. A nuclear kinesin-like protein interacts with and stimulates the activity of the leucine-rich nuclear export signal of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 rev protein.. J Virol 2003 Jul;77(13):7236-43.
              doi: 10.1128/jvi.77.13.7236-7243.2003pubmed: 12805422google scholar: lookup
            11. Connor MK, Kotchetkov R, Cariou S, Resch A, Lupetti R, Beniston RG, Melchior F, Hengst L, Slingerland JM. CRM1/Ran-mediated nuclear export of p27(Kip1) involves a nuclear export signal and links p27 export and proteolysis.. Mol Biol Cell 2003 Jan;14(1):201-13.
              doi: 10.1091/mbc.e02-06-0319pubmed: 12529437google scholar: lookup
            12. Jensen TH, Neville M, Rain JC, McCarthy T, Legrain P, Rosbash M. Identification of novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins with nuclear export activity: cell cycle-regulated transcription factor ace2p shows cell cycle-independent nucleocytoplasmic shuttling.. Mol Cell Biol 2000 Nov;20(21):8047-58.
              doi: 10.1128/MCB.20.21.8047-8058.2000pubmed: 11027275google scholar: lookup
            13. Johnston JC, Gasmi M, Lim LE, Elder JH, Yee JK, Jolly DJ, Campbell KP, Davidson BL, Sauter SL. Minimum requirements for efficient transduction of dividing and nondividing cells by feline immunodeficiency virus vectors.. J Virol 1999 Jun;73(6):4991-5000.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.73.6.4991-5000.1999pubmed: 10233961google scholar: lookup
            14. de Parseval A, Elder JH. Demonstration that orf2 encodes the feline immunodeficiency virus transactivating (Tat) protein and characterization of a unique gene product with partial rev activity.. J Virol 1999 Jan;73(1):608-17.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.73.1.608-617.1999pubmed: 9847366google scholar: lookup
            15. Otero GC, Hope TJ. Splicing-independent expression of the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene is mediated by three cis-acting RNA subelements.. J Virol 1998 Dec;72(12):9889-96.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.12.9889-9896.1998pubmed: 9811725google scholar: lookup
            16. Otero GC, Harris ME, Donello JE, Hope TJ. Leptomycin B inhibits equine infectious anemia virus Rev and feline immunodeficiency virus rev function but not the function of the hepatitis B virus posttranscriptional regulatory element.. J Virol 1998 Sep;72(9):7593-7.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.9.7593-7597.1998pubmed: 9696859google scholar: lookup
            17. Taagepera S, McDonald D, Loeb JE, Whitaker LL, McElroy AK, Wang JY, Hope TJ. Nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of C-ABL tyrosine kinase.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998 Jun 23;95(13):7457-62.
              doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.13.7457pubmed: 9636171google scholar: lookup
            18. Harris ME, Gontarek RR, Derse D, Hope TJ. Differential requirements for alternative splicing and nuclear export functions of equine infectious anemia virus Rev protein.. Mol Cell Biol 1998 Jul;18(7):3889-99.
              doi: 10.1128/MCB.18.7.3889pubmed: 9632773google scholar: lookup
            19. Engel K, Kotlyarov A, Gaestel M. Leptomycin B-sensitive nuclear export of MAPKAP kinase 2 is regulated by phosphorylation.. EMBO J 1998 Jun 15;17(12):3363-71.
              doi: 10.1093/emboj/17.12.3363pubmed: 9628873google scholar: lookup
            20. Belshan M, Harris ME, Shoemaker AE, Hope TJ, Carpenter S. Biological characterization of Rev variation in equine infectious anemia virus.. J Virol 1998 May;72(5):4421-6.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.5.4421-4426.1998pubmed: 9557734google scholar: lookup
            21. Payne SL, Qi XM, Shao H, Dwyer A, Fuller FJ. Disease induction by virus derived from molecular clones of equine infectious anemia virus.. J Virol 1998 Jan;72(1):483-7.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.1.483-487.1998pubmed: 9420249google scholar: lookup
            22. Dobbelstein M, Roth J, Kimberly WT, Levine AJ, Shenk T. Nuclear export of the E1B 55-kDa and E4 34-kDa adenoviral oncoproteins mediated by a rev-like signal sequence.. EMBO J 1997 Jul 16;16(14):4276-84.
              doi: 10.1093/emboj/16.14.4276pubmed: 9250671google scholar: lookup
            23. Kim FJ, Beeche AA, Hunter JJ, Chin DJ, Hope TJ. Characterization of the nuclear export signal of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Rex reveals that nuclear export is mediated by position-variable hydrophobic interactions.. Mol Cell Biol 1996 Sep;16(9):5147-55.
              doi: 10.1128/MCB.16.9.5147pubmed: 8756672google scholar: lookup
            24. Bogerd HP, Fridell RA, Benson RE, Hua J, Cullen BR. Protein sequence requirements for function of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Rex nuclear export signal delineated by a novel in vivo randomization-selection assay.. Mol Cell Biol 1996 Aug;16(8):4207-14.
              doi: 10.1128/MCB.16.8.4207pubmed: 8754820google scholar: lookup
            25. Palmeri D, Malim MH. The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 posttranscriptional trans-activator Rex contains a nuclear export signal.. J Virol 1996 Sep;70(9):6442-5.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.70.9.6442-6445.1996pubmed: 8709278google scholar: lookup
            26. Donello JE, Beeche AA, Smith GJ 3rd, Lucero GR, Hope TJ. The hepatitis B virus posttranscriptional regulatory element is composed of two subelements.. J Virol 1996 Jul;70(7):4345-51.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.70.7.4345-4351.1996pubmed: 8676457google scholar: lookup
            27. Meyer BE, Meinkoth JL, Malim MH. Nuclear transport of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, visna virus, and equine infectious anemia virus Rev proteins: identification of a family of transferable nuclear export signals.. J Virol 1996 Apr;70(4):2350-9.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.70.4.2350-2359.1996pubmed: 8642662google scholar: lookup
            28. Luo Y, Yu H, Peterlin BM. Cellular protein modulates effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev.. J Virol 1994 Jun;68(6):3850-6.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.68.6.3850-3856.1994pubmed: 8189522google scholar: lookup
            29. Martarano L, Stephens R, Rice N, Derse D. Equine infectious anemia virus trans-regulatory protein Rev controls viral mRNA stability, accumulation, and alternative splicing.. J Virol 1994 May;68(5):3102-11.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.68.5.3102-3111.1994pubmed: 8151775google scholar: lookup
            30. Löwer R, Tönjes RR, Korbmacher C, Kurth R, Löwer J. Identification of a Rev-related protein by analysis of spliced transcripts of the human endogenous retroviruses HTDV/HERV-K.. J Virol 1995 Jan;69(1):141-9.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.69.1.141-149.1995pubmed: 7983704google scholar: lookup
            31. Simon JH, Southerling TE, Peterson JC, Meyer BE, Malim MH. Complementation of vif-defective human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by primate, but not nonprimate, lentivirus vif genes.. J Virol 1995 Jul;69(7):4166-72.
              doi: 10.1128/JVI.69.7.4166-4172.1995pubmed: 7769676google scholar: lookup
            Subscribe to our newsletter
            Join 99,344 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.