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Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc2020; 33(1); 59-66; doi: 10.1177/1040638720974745

Preanalytical variables affecting the measurement of serum paraoxonase-1 activity in horses.

Abstract: Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity is a new inflammatory and oxidative marker. Technical effects and biological factors could affect the accuracy of PON-1 activity measurement. We investigated the effects of storage at different temperatures, repeated freeze-thaw cycles, interferences from hemolytic, lipemic, and icteric samples, and seasonal effects on PON-1 activity in horses. We evaluated 2 substrates with an automated spectrophotometer. Ten equine serum samples were stored under different conditions. Although storage at room (21°C) or refrigeration (4°C) temperature induced a statistically significant decrease ( < 0.05) in PON-1 activity, this is not diagnostically relevant. PON-1 activity in frozen samples (-20°C) was stable for short-term storage; diagnostically significant ( < 0.01) fluctuations were observed after 1 mo. Four repeated freeze-thaw cycles were assessed, and all cycles affected PON-1 activity ( < 0.01); however, this was diagnostically significant only after the 4th cycle. Hemolysis induced an overestimation of PON-1 activity; lipemia and hyperbilirubinemia did not change PON-1 activity. Thirty-four horses were sampled monthly for 1 y, and PON-1 activity was higher in autumn ( < 0.05) and winter ( < 0.05) than in spring and summer.
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Publication Date: 2020-11-22 PubMed ID: 33225843PubMed Central: PMC7758704DOI: 10.1177/1040638720974745Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is focused on investigating the preanalytical factors affecting the measurement of Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in horses, an important new marker for inflammation and oxidation.

Study Overview

In the study, the authors explored how technical and biological factors could potentially influence the accuracy of PON-1 activity measurement in horses. They assessed the impact of different storage temperatures, the number of freeze-thaw cycles, interferences from hemolytic, lipemic, and icteric samples, as well as seasonal effects.

Storage Conditions and Temperature

  • The researchers sampled ten equine serum samples stored under varying conditions.
  • They found that keeping the samples at room temperature (21°C) or refrigerated (4°C) led to a statistically significant decrease in PON-1 activity. However, this decrease was not considered diagnostically relevant.
  • Frozen samples (-20°C) remained stable for short-term storage; nevertheless, significant fluctuations in PON-1 activity were observed after one month.

Freeze-Thaw Cycles

  • The study evaluated the effects of repeated freeze-thaw cycles on the PON-1 activity measurement.
  • All cycles affected PON-1 activity, but this effect was diagnostically significant only after the fourth cycle.

Hemolysis and Hyperbilirubinemia

  • The interference from hemolytic samples was evaluated, and it was found to cause an overestimation in PON-1 activity measurements.
  • In contrast, lipemia and hyperbilirubinemia did not have any impact on PON-1 activity, according to the study results.

Seasonal Variations

  • 34 horses were sampled monthly for a year to examine the effect of seasonal variations.
  • It was found that PON-1 activity was higher during autumn and winter than in spring and summer, which showed a significant seasonal effect on PON-1 activity levels in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Rossi G, Richardson A, Jamaludin H, Secombe C. (2020). Preanalytical variables affecting the measurement of serum paraoxonase-1 activity in horses. J Vet Diagn Invest, 33(1), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638720974745

Publication

Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc
ISSN: 1943-4936
NlmUniqueID: 9011490
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 33
Issue: 1
Pages: 59-66

Researcher Affiliations

Rossi, Gabriele
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
Richardson, Amy
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
Jamaludin, Hali
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
Secombe, Cristy
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Aryldialkylphosphatase / blood
  • Australia
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Freezing
  • Horses / blood
  • Specimen Handling / veterinary
  • Temperature

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Thompson EW, Demissei BG, Smith AM, Brahmbhatt P, Wang J, Clark A, DeMichele A, Narayan V, Shah P, Sun L, Lefebvre B, Fradley MG, Carver JR, Tang WHW, Ky B. Paraoxonase-1 Activity in Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Doxorubicin With or Without Trastuzumab. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022 Jan;7(1):1-10.
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  2. Valderrama-Martinez C, Packham A, Zheng S, Smith W, Plancarte M, Aleman M. Effect of refrigeration, room temperature, and processing time on serum immunofluorescent antibody titers for Sarcocystis neurona. J Vet Intern Med 2025 Jan-Feb;39(1):e17282.
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