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Home / Equine Research Bank / Int J Mol Sci / Proteome Alterations in Equine Osteochondrotic Chondrocytes.
International journal of molecular sciences2019; 20(24); 6179; doi: 10.3390/ijms20246179

Proteome Alterations in Equine Osteochondrotic Chondrocytes.

Abstract: Osteochondrosis is a failure of the endochondral ossification that affects developing joints in humans and several animal species. It is a localized idiopathic joint disorder characterized by focal chondronecrosis and growing cartilage retention, which can lead to the formation of fissures, subchondral bone cysts, or intra-articular fragments. Osteochondrosis is a complex multifactorial disease associated with extracellular matrix alterations and failure in chondrocyte differentiation, mainly due to genetic, biochemical, and nutritional factors, as well as traumas. This study describes the main proteomic alterations occurring in chondrocytes isolated from osteochondrotic cartilage fragments. A comparative analysis performed on equine osteochondrotic and healthy chondrocytes showed 26 protein species as differentially represented. In particular, quantitative changes in the extracellular matrix, cytoskeletal and chaperone proteins, and in cell adhesion and signaling molecules were observed in osteochondrotic cells, compared to healthy controls. Functional group analysis annotated most of these proteins in "growth plate and cartilage development", while others were included in "glycolysis and gluconeogenesis", "positive regulation of protein import", "cell-cell adhesion mediator activity", and "mitochondrion nucleoid". These results may help to clarify some chondrocyte functional alterations that may play a significant role in determining the onset and progression of equine osteochondrosis and, being related, of human juvenile osteochondrosis.
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Publication Date: 2019-12-07 PubMed ID: 31817880PubMed Central: PMC6940994DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246179Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the changes in the protein makeup of cartilage cells, known as chondrocytes, in cases of a joint disease called osteochondrosis in horses. The results may help in understanding the disease’s development and progression, particularly in the young of humans and other animal species.

Introduction to Osteochondrosis

  • Osteochondrosis is a disease of the joints that affect the process called endochondral ossification, which is crucial in the formation of bone from cartilage in young developing organisms.
  • The disorder is characterized by local damage and death of cartilage cells, leading to retention of growing cartilage and the formation of cracks, cysts in the underlying bone, or fragments within the joint.
  • The disease is complex and multifactorial – its onset and progression are influenced by a range of factors including genetic elements, biochemical mechanisms, nutritional aspects, and physical trauma.

Aims and Methods of the Study

  • This study aimed to explore the primary alterations in the protein composition (proteome) of cartilage cells (chondrocytes) taken from fragments of diseased cartilage (osteochondrotic).
  • The researchers compared the proteomes of healthy and osteochondrotic chondrocytes from horses, identifying 26 protein species with significant differences in representation.

Findings of the Study

  • The study found noticeable quantitative changes in several groups of proteins, including those involved in the structure and function of the extracellular matrix (the component that provides structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells), the cytoskeleton and chaperone proteins (structures and proteins that facilitate proper protein folding and function), as well as molecules involved in cell adhesion and signaling.
  • Analyzing the roles (functions) these proteins play, many of them were grouped under “growth plate and cartilage development”, indicating that their alteration could disturb normal chondrocyte development and function, potentially leading to osteochondrosis.
  • Other groupings included “glycolysis and gluconeogenesis” – key metabolic processes, “positive regulation of protein import” – which controls crucial cellular activities, “cell-cell adhesion mediator activity”, and “mitochondrion nucleoid” – relating to the cellular powerhouses.

Implications of the Study

  • This research helps shed light on the functional changes that occur in chondrocytes in osteochondrosis, which may play a pivotal role in the onset and progression of the disease.
  • Understanding these changes in equine models may also provide insights into juvenile osteochondrosis in humans, as the diseases share similarities.

Cite This Article

APA
Chiaradia E, Pepe M, Orvietani PL, Renzone G, Magini A, Sforna M, Emiliani C, Di Meo A, Scaloni A. (2019). Proteome Alterations in Equine Osteochondrotic Chondrocytes. Int J Mol Sci, 20(24), 6179. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20246179

Publication

International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
NlmUniqueID: 101092791
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 20
Issue: 24
PII: 6179

Researcher Affiliations

Chiaradia, Elisabetta
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Pepe, Marco
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Orvietani, Pier Luigi
  • Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
Renzone, Giovanni
  • ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy.
Magini, Alessandro
  • Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
Sforna, Monica
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Emiliani, Carla
  • Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
  • CEMIN-Center of Excellence for Innovative Nanostructured Material, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
Di Meo, Antonio
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Scaloni, Andrea
  • ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Chondrocytes / cytology
  • Chondrocytes / metabolism
  • Horse Diseases / metabolism
  • Horse Diseases / pathology
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Osteochondrosis / metabolism
  • Osteochondrosis / pathology
  • Proteome / analysis
  • Proteome / metabolism
  • Proteomics

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
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  2. Komori T. Molecular Processes in Chondrocyte Biology.. Int J Mol Sci 2020 Jun 11;21(11).
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