Pulsed-wave Doppler evaluation of intracardiac blood flow in 30 clinically normal Standardbred horses.
Abstract: Pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography was performed on 30 clinically normal 1- to 6-year-old racing Standardbreds. There were 13 females, 13 geldings, and 4 stallions. Cardiac disease was not detected with M-mode, 2-dimensional real-time or pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography. Normal flow velocities for right and left atrial outflow, right and left ventricular outflow, the aorta, and pulmonary artery were determined. Peak flow velocities for right and left atrial outflow occurred during the rapid filling phase and were higher toward the mitral valve (mean, 0.70 +/- 0.24 m/s) than toward the tricuspid valve (mean, 0.49 +/- 0.17 m/s). Peak flow velocities in the right and left ventricular outflow tracts were similar (means, 0.81 +/- 0.10 m/s and 0.75 +/- 0.39 m/s, respectively). Peak flow velocities in the pulmonary artery (mean, 1.09 +/- 0.42 m/s) and aorta (mean, 1.01 +/- 0.29 m/s) were similar, although flow peaked earlier in systole in the aorta than in the pulmonary artery.
Publication Date: 1989-01-01 PubMed ID: 2919832
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- P.H.S.
Summary
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This research paper used pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography to study the blood flow in the hearts of 30 healthy one to six-year-old Standardbred racing horses. It found the normal flow velocities for different sections of the heart as well as peak flow velocities in these areas.
Study Procedures
- The researchers performed a pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography on 30 clinically normal Standardbred horses, which included 13 females, 13 geldings, and 4 stallions, all aged between 1 to 6 years.
- This echocardiography is a diagnostic procedure which uses ultrasound to analyze the speed and direction of blood flow inside the heart. It was used to ensure no cardiac diseases were present in the horses and to assess the blood flow in the different sections of the heart.
Results
- They established the normal flow velocities for the right and left atrial outflow, right and left ventricular outflow, the aorta, and the pulmonary artery in these horses.
- Peak flow velocities for the right and left atrial outflow happened during the rapid filling phase (diastole) and were observed to be higher towards the mitral valve than towards the tricuspid valve.
- The peak flow velocities in the right and left ventricular outflows were similar to each other. These are the sections of the heart that expel blood to be oxygenated (right ventricle to the lungs) or to deliver oxygenated blood to the body (left ventricle).
- The researchers found that the peak flow velocities in the pulmonary artery and the aorta were also closely matched, but they noticed that the peak flow occurred earlier in the aorta than in the pulmonary artery during the contraction phase (systole) of the heart.
Significance of the Study
- This research provides baseline data for blood flow velocities in different heart sections in healthy Standardbred horses using pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography.
- This data could be used as a reference for diagnosing or predicting potential heart diseases in Standardbred horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Reef VB, Lalezari K, De Boo J, van der Belt AJ, Spencer PA, Dik KJ.
(1989).
Pulsed-wave Doppler evaluation of intracardiac blood flow in 30 clinically normal Standardbred horses.
Am J Vet Res, 50(1), 75-83.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Blood Flow Velocity / veterinary
- Coronary Circulation
- Echocardiography, Doppler / veterinary
- Female
- Horses / physiology
- Male
Grant Funding
- 5S07RR5464 / NCRR NIH HHS
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Marzok M, Almubarak AI, Al Mohamad Z, Salem M, Farag AM, Ibrahim HM, El-Ashker MR, El-Khodery S. Reference Values and Repeatability of Pulsed Wave Doppler Echocardiography Parameters in Normal Donkeys. Animals (Basel) 2022 Sep 5;12(17).
- Siwinska N, Zak A, Slowikowska M, Szczepankiewicz B, Niedzwiedz A, Paslawska U. An assessment of the utility and repeatability of the renal resistive index in horses. PLoS One 2019;14(12):e0226941.
- Leroux AA, Farnir F, Moonen ML, Sandersen CF, Deleuze S, Amory H. Repeatability, variability and reference values of pulsed wave Doppler echocardiographic measurements in healthy Saanen goats. BMC Vet Res 2012 Oct 16;8:190.
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