Randomized placebo-controlled study of the effects of Yunnan Baiyao on hemostasis in horses.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To determine effects of oral administration of Yunnan Baiyao on platelet activation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis in healthy horses. ANIMALS 12 healthy adult horses. PROCEDURES In a randomized blinded crossover study that included a 4-week washout period between treatments, horses were orally administered a paste containing Yunnan Baiyao (15 mg/kg) or placebo at 12-hour intervals for 3 days. Blood samples were collected before start of treatment (time 0) and at 24 and 72 hours for a CBC, measurement of fibrinogen concentration, coagulation screening tests, and a panel of assays to assess platelet activation (including ADP- and collagen-induced aggregation and closure times, flow-cytometric variables of platelet-leukocyte aggregates, platelet membrane P-selectin and phosphatidylserine expression, and microparticle release), von Willebrand factor (vWF) concentration, and cofactor activity. In addition, thrombelastography was used to evaluate fibrin formation in tissue factor-activated whole blood and plasma and to assess tissue plasminogen activator-induced plasma fibrinolysis. For each treatment, values obtained before and 72 hours after start of administration were compared by use of Wilcoxon signed rank tests. RESULTS Yunnan Baiyao treatment had no significant effect on any hemostatic variable, compared with results for the placebo treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Administration of Yunnan Baiyao at a dosage typically used in clinical practice had no effect on in vitro measures of platelet or vWF function and no enhancement of fibrin-clot formation or stability. Any hemostatic actions of Yunnan Baiyao may require higher dosages or result from cell-surface interactions at sites of vascular and tissue injury not examined in this study.
Publication Date: 2017-07-25 PubMed ID: 28738008DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.78.8.969Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
Summary
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The research article conducted a controlled, randomized study to analyze the impact of a medicinal compound known as Yunnan Baiyao on blood clotting in healthy horses. It concluded that at the tested dosage, this compound had no noticeable effect on various parameters related to blood clotting.
Procedure and Tests
- The study was conducted as a blinded crossover trial and involved 12 healthy adult horses. This means that the horses were separated into two groups, one group was given the Yunnan Baiyao paste and the other was given a placebo or a non-active treatment. After a month, the two groups would swap treatments.
- The Yunnan Baiyao paste was administered orally at a dose of 15 mg/kg, twice a day for three days. Blood samples were then collected prior to the start of the treatment and at 24 and 72 hours afterward.
- A comprehensive battery of tests were conducted on the collected blood samples. These tests measured: fibrinogen concentration (a protein needed for blood clotting), coagulation screening tests, a range of assays to assess platelet activation, von Willebrand factor concentration (a blood glycoprotein involved in hemostasis), cofactor activity, and thrombelastography (to evaluate fibrin formation in whole blood and plasma, and to assess fibrinolysis).
- Statistical tests were performed on results obtained for each treatment, before and 72 hours after the administration started, to see any significant changes due to Yunnan Baiyao treatment.
Results
- The results showed that there was no significant impact of Yunnan Baiyao treatment on any hemostatic variable when compared with the placebo. This suggests that the Yunnan Baiyao, at the given dosage, had no effect on hemostasis (the process to prevent and stop bleeding) in healthy horses.
Conclusion
- The study concluded that Yunnan Baiyao, administered at a commonly used clinical dosage, did not affect in vitro measurements of platelet or von Willebrand factor function. It also did not enhance fibrin-clot formation or stability.
- The researchers suggested that the hemostatic actions of Yunnan Baiyao could potentially require higher dosages or may arise due to interactions at the site of vascular and tissue injury, which was not examined in the study.
Cite This Article
APA
Ness SL, Frye AH, Divers TJ, Rishniw M, Erb HN, Brooks MB.
(2017).
Randomized placebo-controlled study of the effects of Yunnan Baiyao on hemostasis in horses.
Am J Vet Res, 78(8), 969-976.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.78.8.969 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Blood Coagulation / drug effects
- Blood Platelets / metabolism
- China
- Cross-Over Studies
- Double-Blind Method
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal / pharmacology
- Female
- Fibrinogen / metabolism
- Flow Cytometry / veterinary
- Hemostasis / drug effects
- Horses
- Male
- P-Selectin / metabolism
- Platelet Activation / drug effects
- Thrombelastography / veterinary
- Treatment Outcome
- von Willebrand Factor / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Zhang Q, Zhang A, Wu F, Wang X. UPLC-G2Si-HDMS Untargeted Metabolomics for Identification of Yunnan Baiyao's Metabolic Target in Promoting Blood Circulation and Removing Blood Stasis. Molecules 2022 May 17;27(10).
- Ren JL, Sun H, Dong H, Yang L, Zhang AH, Han Y, Wang L, Liu L, Wang XJ. A UPLC-MS-based metabolomics approach to reveal the attenuation mechanism of Caowu compatibility with Yunnan Baiyao. RSC Adv 2019 Mar 15;9(16):8926-8933.
- Yao Q, Chang BT, Chen R, Wei YJ, Gong QJ, Yu D, Zhang Y, Han X, Yang HB, Tang SJ, Gao Y. Research Advances in Pharmacology, Safety, and Clinical Applications of Yunnan Baiyao, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula. Front Pharmacol 2021;12:773185.
- Han Y, Sun H, Zhang A, Yan G, Wang XJ. Chinmedomics, a new strategy for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of herbal medicines. Pharmacol Ther 2020 Dec;216:107680.
- Qian H, Zhang W, Zhang M, Ma S, Zhen M, He H, Ren X. Yunnan Baiyao (YNBY): pharmacological mechanisms, therapeutic applications, and clinical evidence. Front Pharmacol 2025;16:1589035.
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