FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Immunol Immunopathol / Real time RT-PCR analysis of inflammatory mediator expressio...
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology2013; 156(3-4); 190-199; doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.09.020

Real time RT-PCR analysis of inflammatory mediator expression in recurrent airway obstruction-affected horses.

Abstract: The goal of the present study was to investigate mRNA expression levels of several cytokines and inflammatory mediators in broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and respiratory epithelium in recurrent airway obstruction (RAO)-affected horses. RAO, also called heaves, is a common, performance-limiting, equine respiratory disease with clinical signs and pathophysiological similarities to human asthma, and characterized by bronchospasm, neutrophilic infiltration and increased mucus in the airways. Six RAO-affected horses were examined twice within 15 days and seven clinically healthy horses were examined for comparison. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to assess mRNA expression of the inflammatory mediators IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, IL-17, TNFα, INFγ, TGFβ1, NFκ-β and TRL4 in bronchial biopsies and in BAL fluid. Gene expression levels were then compared with clinical signs, endoscopic examination, complete blood cell count, cytology of BAL fluid, histological examination of bronchial tissue and bacteriological and mycological examinations. Expression of IL1β, IL8, TLR4, TNFα, TGFβ1 and NFkβ transcripts was significantly up-regulated in RAO-affected compared to healthy horses. A similar trend, albeit not significant, was showed for IL17 and INFγ. A highly significant correlation was observed among IL-1β, IL8, TGFβ1, NFkβ, TRL4, and INFγ expression patterns as well as between expression levels of these genes and clinical parameters. In the present study, the comparison between clinically healthy and RAO-affected horses gave new insights on the cytokine expression in equine health and disease status. The identification of cytokines implicated in the pathogenesis of RAO may contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
© 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2013-10-08 PubMed ID: 24176614DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.09.020Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research aims to probe the expression levels of various cytokines and inflammatory mediators in horse’s broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and respiratory epithelium suffering from recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), a common equine respiratory disease akin to human asthma. A detailed study of the expressed genes, in comparison to healthy horses, provides insights into the potential diagnostic cues and treatment methods for RAO.

Methodology and Analysis

  • The study considered six horses affected with RAO, each examined twice within a 15-day window.
  • Seven healthy horses were engaged for comparative analysis.
  • Real-time RT-PCR, an effective molecular technique, was employed to quantify the mRNA expression of targeted inflammatory mediators like IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, IL-17, TNFα, INFγ, TGFβ1, NFκ-β and TRL4 from the bronchial biopsies and the BAL fluid.
  • In-depth comparison was carried out based on a range of factors such as clinical symptoms, endoscopic examination, complete blood cell count, BAL fluid cytology, bronze tissue histological examination, and tests for bacterial and fungal presence.

Results and Conclusion

  • This research revealed significant upregulation in the transcripts of IL1β, IL8, TLR4, TNFα, TGFβ1, and NFkβ in RAO-affected horses compared to healthy ones.
  • A similar upward-trending pattern in expression, albeit not statistically significant, was also identified for IL17 and INFγ.
  • The study observed a highly notable correlation between the expression patterns of inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL8, TGFβ1, NFkβ, TRL4, and INFγ) and clinical parameters of the disease.
  • The research findings on cytokine expression level variances between healthy and RAO-afflicted horses contribute to the understanding of cytokine patterns in equine health and pathological conditions.
  • Recognizing the cytokines involved in RAO’s pathogenesis could potentially assist in diagnosing and treating this respiratory disease in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Padoan E, Ferraresso S, Pegolo S, Castagnaro M, Barnini C, Bargelloni L. (2013). Real time RT-PCR analysis of inflammatory mediator expression in recurrent airway obstruction-affected horses. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 156(3-4), 190-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.09.020

Publication

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
ISSN: 1873-2534
NlmUniqueID: 8002006
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 156
Issue: 3-4
Pages: 190-199
PII: S0165-2427(13)00268-7

Researcher Affiliations

Padoan, E
  • Equine Patavium Hospital, via G.Trieste n 21, Limena, PD, Italy; Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padua, Viale dell'Universita' 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy. Electronic address: elisa.padoan.vet@gmail.com.
Ferraresso, S
    Pegolo, S
      Castagnaro, M
        Barnini, C
          Bargelloni, L

            MeSH Terms

            • Airway Obstruction / immunology
            • Airway Obstruction / veterinary
            • Animals
            • Biopsy
            • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / cytology
            • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / immunology
            • Horse Diseases / immunology
            • Horses
            • Inflammation Mediators / analysis
            • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
            • Recurrence
            • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods

            Citations

            This article has been cited 15 times.
            1. Woodrow JS, Sheats MK, Cooper B, Bayless R. Asthma: The Use of Animal Models and Their Translational Utility.. Cells 2023 Apr 5;12(7).
              doi: 10.3390/cells12071091pubmed: 37048164google scholar: lookup
            2. Woodrow JS, Hines M, Sommardahl C, Flatland B, Lo Y, Wang Z, Sheats MK, Lennon EM. Initial investigation of molecular phenotypes of airway mast cells and cytokine profiles in equine asthma.. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:997139.
              doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.997139pubmed: 36713876google scholar: lookup
            3. Padoan E, Ferraresso S, Pegolo S, Barnini C, Castagnaro M, Bargelloni L. Gene Expression Profiles of the Immuno-Transcriptome in Equine Asthma.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Dec 20;13(1).
              doi: 10.3390/ani13010004pubmed: 36611613google scholar: lookup
            4. Simões J, Batista M, Tilley P. The Immune Mechanisms of Severe Equine Asthma-Current Understanding and What Is Missing.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Mar 16;12(6).
              doi: 10.3390/ani12060744pubmed: 35327141google scholar: lookup
            5. Adamič N, Prpar Mihevc S, Blagus R, Kramarič P, Krapež U, Majdič G, Viel L, Hoffman AM, Bienzle D, Vengust M. Effect of intrabronchial administration of autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on severe equine asthma.. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022 Jan 21;13(1):23.
              doi: 10.1186/s13287-022-02704-7pubmed: 35063028google scholar: lookup
            6. Morini M, Peli A, Rinnovati R, Magazzù G, Romagnoli N, Spadari A, Pietra M. Immunohistochemical Expression of Neurokinin-A and Interleukin-8 in the Bronchial Epithelium of Horses with Severe Equine Asthma Syndrome during Asymptomatic, Exacerbation, and Remission Phase.. Animals (Basel) 2021 May 12;11(5).
              doi: 10.3390/ani11051376pubmed: 34066204google scholar: lookup
            7. Davis KU, Sheats MK. Differential gene expression and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage cells from horses with mild/moderate neutrophilic or mastocytic inflammation on BAL cytology.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021 Apr;234:110195.
              doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110195pubmed: 33588285google scholar: lookup
            8. Davis KU, Sheats MK. The Role of Neutrophils in the Pathophysiology of Asthma in Humans and Horses.. Inflammation 2021 Apr;44(2):450-465.
              doi: 10.1007/s10753-020-01362-2pubmed: 33150539google scholar: lookup
            9. Hulliger MF, Pacholewska A, Vargas A, Lavoie JP, Leeb T, Gerber V, Jagannathan V. An Integrative miRNA-mRNA Expression Analysis Reveals Striking Transcriptomic Similarities between Severe Equine Asthma and Specific Asthma Endotypes in Humans.. Genes (Basel) 2020 Sep 28;11(10).
              doi: 10.3390/genes11101143pubmed: 32998415google scholar: lookup
            10. Tessier L, Côté O, Bienzle D. Sequence variant analysis of RNA sequences in severe equine asthma.. PeerJ 2018;6:e5759.
              doi: 10.7717/peerj.5759pubmed: 30324028google scholar: lookup
            11. Cassano JM, Schnabel LV, Goodale MB, Fortier LA. Inflammatory licensed equine MSCs are chondroprotective and exhibit enhanced immunomodulation in an inflammatory environment.. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018 Apr 3;9(1):82.
              doi: 10.1186/s13287-018-0840-2pubmed: 29615127google scholar: lookup
            12. Barton AK, Gehlen H. Pulmonary Remodeling in Equine Asthma: What Do We Know about Mediators of Inflammation in the Horse?. Mediators Inflamm 2016;2016:5693205.
              doi: 10.1155/2016/5693205pubmed: 28053371google scholar: lookup
            13. Barton AK, Pelli A, Rieger M, Gehlen H. Procalcitonin as a biomarker in equine chronic pneumopathies.. BMC Vet Res 2016 Dec 9;12(1):281.
              doi: 10.1186/s12917-016-0912-4pubmed: 27938364google scholar: lookup
            14. Bullone M, Hélie P, Joubert P, Lavoie JP. Development of a Semiquantitative Histological Score for the Diagnosis of Heaves Using Endobronchial Biopsy Specimens in Horses.. J Vet Intern Med 2016 Sep;30(5):1739-1746.
              doi: 10.1111/jvim.14556pubmed: 27527123google scholar: lookup
            15. Korn A, Miller D, Dong L, Buckles EL, Wagner B, Ainsworth DM. Differential Gene Expression Profiles and Selected Cytokine Protein Analysis of Mediastinal Lymph Nodes of Horses with Chronic Recurrent Airway Obstruction (RAO) Support an Interleukin-17 Immune Response.. PLoS One 2015;10(11):e0142622.
              doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142622pubmed: 26561853google scholar: lookup
            Subscribe to our newsletter
            Join 99,344 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.