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Home / Equine Research Bank / Acta Vet Scand / Reduced high intensity training distance had no effect on VL...
Acta veterinaria Scandinavica2015; 57(1); 17; doi: 10.1186/s13028-015-0107-1

Reduced high intensity training distance had no effect on VLa4 but attenuated heart rate response in 2-3-year-old Standardbred horses.

Abstract: Training of Standardbred race horses aims to improve cardiovascular and metabolic functions but studies on the effects of different training strategies from breaking till racing are lacking. Sixteen horses with the goal to race as 3-year-olds were studied from breaking (1-year-olds) to December as 3-year-olds. Horses were allocated to either a control (C) or reduced (R) training program from 2 years of age. The aim was to evaluate the effect of reducing the distance of high intensity exercise by 30% with respect to velocity at lactate concentration 4 mmol/l (VLa4), blood lactate and cardiovascular response. All training sessions were documented and heart rate (HR) was recorded. A standardized exercise test of 1,600 m was performed 10 times and a VLa4 test was performed five times. Results: C horses initially exercised for a longer time with a HR >180 beats per minute compared to R horses (P 180 bpm decreased in C and were similar in the two groups (P > 0.05). Over the 2-year period, recovery HR after the 1,600 m-test decreased in both groups but was within 2 months lower in C than in R (P < 0.05). C horses also had lower resting HR as 3-year-olds (P < 0.01) than R horses. In C, post exercise hematocrit was higher than in R (P < 0.05). There was a tendency (P < 0.1) towards a larger aortic diameter in C as 3-year-olds (C: 1.75 ± 0.05, R: 1.70 ± 0.05 cm/100 kg BW). Left ventricle diameter and blood volume (in December as 2-year-olds) did not differ between groups. There were no differences between groups in post exercise blood lactate concentration or in VLa4. Both groups were equally successful in reaching the goal of participation in races. Conclusions: Horses subjected to a reduced distance of high intensity training from the age of 2 showed an attenuated heart rate response, but were able to maintain the same VLa4 and race participation as horses subjected to longer training distances.
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Publication Date: 2015-03-20 PubMed ID: 25884463PubMed Central: PMC4389305DOI: 10.1186/s13028-015-0107-1Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research studied the effects of two different training programs on the heart rates of Standardbred race horses. It found that a reduced high intensity training had no effect on one key factor, but did lower the horse’s heart rate.

Objective and Methodology

  • The research aimed to investigate the impacts of varied training programs on Standardbred horses, particularly focusing on cardiovascular response and metabolic functions. This was done in response to a lack of studies concerning different training strategies from a horse’s breaking period until racing.
  • 16 horses with the intention of racing as 3-year-olds were observed from their breaking as 1-year-olds until December when they were 3. The horses were divided into two groups for either a standard (Control/C) or a reduced intensity (Reduced/R) training program from their second year of age.
  • The key aim was to evaluate the implications of lowering the high intense exercise distance by 30% on the horse’s velocity at lactate concentration 4 mmol/l (VLa4), blood lactate, and cardiovascular response.
  • All training activities were recorded, and heart rates were closely monitored during these sessions. Tests were conducted, including a 1,600 m exercise and a VLa4 assessment.

Findings

  • Initial results showed horses in the control group exercised longer with a higher heart rate than those in the reduced training program. However, this difference lessened after 6-9 months, resulting in no significant difference in heart rate during exercising between the two groups.
  • Across the 2-year observation period, recovery heart rates post the 1,600 m test decreased in both sets of horses. The control group demonstrated lower recovery heart rates within two months, a faster rate than the reduced group.
  • Horses in the control group also had significantly lower resting heart rates at three years old than the horses following a reduced training program.
  • Other significant findings included higher post-exercise hematocrit—ratio of volume of red cells to total volume of blood—in the control group, indicating better rehydration, and a greater aortic diameter, which may signify a more efficient cardiovascular system.
  • There was no difference in left ventricle diameter, blood volume, post exercise blood lactate concentration or VLa4 between the two groups. Both training groups showed a similar level of success in race participation.

Conclusion

  • The findings suggested that horses subjected to a reduced high intensity training exhibited a lower heart rate response but managed to maintain the same VLa4 and race participation rates as horses undergoing longer training sessions.
  • This supports that reductions in high-intensity training distance may have a positive impact on the horse’s cardiovascular response without affecting other aspects of their performance.

Cite This Article

APA
Ringmark S, Lindholm A, Hedenström U, Lindinger M, Dahlborn K, Kvart C, Jansson A. (2015). Reduced high intensity training distance had no effect on VLa4 but attenuated heart rate response in 2-3-year-old Standardbred horses. Acta Vet Scand, 57(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-015-0107-1

Publication

Acta veterinaria Scandinavica
ISSN: 1751-0147
NlmUniqueID: 0370400
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 57
Issue: 1
Pages: 17
PII: 17

Researcher Affiliations

Ringmark, Sara
  • Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden. Sara.Ringmark@slu.se.
Lindholm, Arne
  • Vetteam AB, SE-81591, Tierp, Sweden. Anna.Jansson@slu.se.
Hedenström, Ulf
  • Swedish Centre for Trotting Education, Wången, SE-83040, Alsen, Sweden. ulf.hedenstrom@wangen.se.
Lindinger, Michael
  • Lindenfarne Horse Park, Campbellville, Toronto, ON, L0P 1B0, Canada. mi.lindinger@gmail.com.
Dahlborn, Kristina
  • Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden. Kristina.Dahlborn@slu.se.
Kvart, Clarence
  • Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden. Clarence.Kvart@slu.se.
Jansson, Anna
  • Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden. Anna.Jansson@slu.se.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena
  • Heart Rate
  • Horses / physiology
  • Lactic Acid / blood
  • Male
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal

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This article has been cited 8 times.
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