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International journal of molecular sciences2025; 26(6); doi: 10.3390/ijms26062426

Regulatory Mechanisms of Yili Horses During an 80 km Race Based on Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analyses.

Abstract: Equine endurance exercise induces physiological changes that alter metabolism and molecular pathways to maintain balance after intense physical activity. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms remain under debate. Identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differential metabolites (DMs) associated with equine endurance is essential for elucidating these regulatory mechanisms. This study collected blood samples from six Yili horses before and after an 80 km race and conducted transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses, yielding 722 DEGs and 256 DMs. These DEGs were primarily enriched in pathways related to amino acid biosynthesis, cellular senescence, and lipid metabolism/atherosclerosis. The DMs were predominantly enriched in fatty acid biosynthesis and the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. The integrative transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of DEGs and DMs highlight functional changes during the endurance race. The findings offer a holistic understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying equine endurance and a solid foundation for formulating training programs to optimize horse performance in endurance racing.
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Publication Date: 2025-03-08 PubMed ID: 40141070PubMed Central: PMC11942362DOI: 10.3390/ijms26062426Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research study focuses on identifying changes in gene expression and metabolic activities in Yili horses following an 80 km endurance race. By undertaking transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses, the research provides insights into the physiological changes that occur during intense physical activity, aiming to improve the strategies for horse training programs.

Objective of the Research

The primary aim of the study was to uncover the specific regulatory mechanisms that control physiological changes in Yili horses during an endurance race. Physiological changes induce changes in metabolism and molecular pathways, ensuring a balance is maintained during the intense physical activity. The researchers aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differential metabolites (DMs) associated with equine endurance, hence giving an insight into these regulatory mechanisms.

Methodology

  • The blood samples of six Yili horses were collected both before and after an 80 km race for analysis.
  • Transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses were conducted on these collected samples to spot any changes that might have occurred as a result of the intense physical activity.
  • The study yielded 722 DEGs and 256 DMs, which were primarily enriched in pathways relating to the biosynthesis of amino acids, cellular senescence, lipid metabolism, and atherosclerosis. The DMs were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids.

Findings and Conclusion

  • Based on the analyses, the study identified significant functional changes in the horses during the endurance race.
  • These changes are driven by the regulation of specific genes and metabolites that impact metabolic and molecular pathways.
  • Understanding these changes and their regulatory mechanisms can help in formulating effective training programs, designed to optimize horse performance in endurance racing.

Overall, the research offers a comprehensive understanding of the physiological adaptions that occur in horses during intense endurance activity, opening the way for more targeted and effective training strategies.

Cite This Article

APA
Wang J, Ren W, Li Z, Li L, Wang R, Ma S, Zeng Y, Meng J, Yao X. (2025). Regulatory Mechanisms of Yili Horses During an 80 km Race Based on Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analyses. Int J Mol Sci, 26(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26062426

Publication

International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
NlmUniqueID: 101092791
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 26
Issue: 6

Researcher Affiliations

Wang, Jianwen
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
Ren, Wanlu
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
Li, Zexu
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Li, Luling
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Wang, Ran
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Ma, Shikun
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Zeng, Yaqi
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
Meng, Jun
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
Yao, Xinkui
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses / genetics
  • Horses / metabolism
  • Horses / physiology
  • Metabolomics / methods
  • Transcriptome
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Physical Endurance / genetics
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal
  • Metabolome
  • Lipid Metabolism

Grant Funding

  • 32302735 / National Natural Science Foundation of China
  • PT2311 / Innovation Environment (Talent and Base) Construction Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
  • 2022A02013-1 / Major Science and Technology Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
  • zyyd2023co2 / Central Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Fund
  • ZYYD2025JD02 / Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Fund

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
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  3. Zhang X, Liu Y, Ma W, Li L, Bai D, Dugarjaviin M. Integrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis Reveals Differential Gene and Protein Expression and Signaling Pathways During a 20 Km Endurance Exercise and Recovery in Mongolian Horses. Animals (Basel) 2025 Jul 5;15(13).
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