Reproductive effects of arteriviruses: equine arteritis virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infections.
Abstract: Equine arteritis virus (EAV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are the most economically important members of the family Arteriviridae. EAV and PRRSV cause reproductive and respiratory disease in equids and swine, respectively and constitute a significant economic burden to equine and swine industries around the world. Furthermore, they both cause abortion in pregnant animals and establish persistent infection in their natural hosts, which fosters viral shedding in semen leading to sexual transmission. The primary focus of this article is to provide an update on the effects of these two viruses on the reproductive tract of their natural hosts and provide a comparative analysis of clinical signs, virus-host interactions, mechanisms of viral pathogenesis and viral persistence.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2017-11-21 PubMed ID: 29172072DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2017.11.005Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Review
Summary
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The research paper focuses on the reproductive effects of the Equine arteritis virus (EAV) and the Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), viruses which cause significant economic losses in the equine and swine industries respectively due to their impact on animal health and reproduction.
Virus Overview
- The Equine arteritis virus (EAV) and the Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are two prevalent members of the Arteriviridae family that are of significant economic concern due to the diseases they cause.
- EAV and PRRSV lead to reproductive and respiratory illnesses in horses (equids) and pigs (swine) respectively. They can also lead to abortion in pregnant animals of these species.
- Both viruses establish persistent infections in their natural hosts, causing continuous viral shedding in semen which promotes sexual transmission of the disease.
Research Focus
- This article offers an updated review on the effects of EAV and PRRSV on the reproductive tracts of horses and pigs, their natural hosts.
- It also provides a comparative analysis of the clinical signs, virus-host interactions, and mechanisms of viral pathogenesis associated with EAV and PRRSV.
Importance of the Study
- Understanding the impact on the reproductive tracts caused by these viruses is critical for the development of effective control and prevention strategies. This could potentially reduce the economic burden on equine and swine industries around the world caused by these diseases.
- The comparative analysis between EAV and PRRSV can provide insights into their similarities and differences in terms of clinical manifestations, interaction with the host, and the underlying mechanisms of disease progression. This knowledge could pave the way towards finding effective treatment methods or vaccines for these diseases.
Cite This Article
APA
Balasuriya UB, Carossino M.
(2017).
Reproductive effects of arteriviruses: equine arteritis virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infections.
Curr Opin Virol, 27, 57-70.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2017.11.005 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. Electronic address: ubalasuriya@uky.edu.
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Arterivirus Infections / transmission
- Arterivirus Infections / veterinary
- Arterivirus Infections / virology
- Equartevirus / pathogenicity
- Equartevirus / physiology
- Female
- Horse Diseases / economics
- Horse Diseases / transmission
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Host-Pathogen Interactions
- Male
- Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / transmission
- Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / virology
- Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / pathogenicity
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / veterinary
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / virology
- Swine
- Swine Diseases / economics
- Swine Diseases / transmission
- Swine Diseases / virology
Citations
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