Resistance to gentamicin and amikacin of gram-negative organisms isolated from horses.
Abstract: Resistance of gram-negative bacteria to gentamicin has become an increasingly common problem among clinical isolates from human beings. Susceptibility of isolates from horses to gentamicin and amikacin was evaluated for the period from July, 1983 to June, 1985. All isolates of Escherichia coli, and species of Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus, and Pseudomonas examined were susceptible to amikacin, except 2 of the 46 Pseudomonas isolates. In contrast, 13 to 50% of isolates were resistant to gentamicin. Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella, Proteus, and Enterobacter species isolates were highly significantly more susceptible to amikacin (P less than 0.01) than to gentamicin. Pseudomonas spp (P = 0.13) were not significantly different in susceptibility to the 2 drugs. There was significant variation among genera in their susceptibility to gentamicin (P = 0.002), primarily because of the frequency of resistance in isolates of Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp, compared with the other 3 organisms (E coli, Enterobacter spp, and Pseudomonas spp). There was no significant difference of susceptibility to amikacin among the genera studied (P = 0.06).
Publication Date: 1989-06-01 PubMed ID: 2669575
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article discusses a study conducted to evaluate the resistance of gram-negative bacteria isolated from horses to two antibiotics: gentamicin and amikacin. The study found that most bacterial isolates were resistant to gentamicin, but were susceptible to amikacin, except for a small fraction of Pseudomonas isolates.
Methodology and Findings
- The susceptibility of the bacterial isolates to gentamicin and amikacin was evaluated over a period of two years, from July 1983 to June 1985.
- All isolates of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter species, Klebsiella species, Proteus species, and Pseudomonas were found to be susceptible to amikacin, with the exception of two out of 46 Pseudomonas isolates.
- In contrast, there was substantial resistance to gentamicin observed, with the resistance in different isolates ranging from 13% to 50%.
Comparison between Gentamicin and Amikacin Susceptibility
- Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in susceptibility to the two antibiotics.
- Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, and Enterobacter species isolates were significantly more susceptible to amikacin than to gentamicin (with a statistical significance of less than 0.01).
- In the case of Pseudomonas species, there was no significant difference in susceptibility to the two antibiotics (P = 0.13).
Variation in Gentamicin and Amikacin Resistance Among Different Genus
- There were significant variations among the genera in their susceptibility to gentamicin (P = 0.002).
- This variation was primarily due to the frequency of resistance in isolates of Klebsiella species and Proteus species, compared to the other three organisms (E coli, Enterobacter species, and Pseudomonas species).
- However, there was no significant difference in susceptibility to amikacin among the different genera studied (P = 0.06).
Cite This Article
APA
Orsini JA, Benson CE, Spencer PA, Van Miller E.
(1989).
Resistance to gentamicin and amikacin of gram-negative organisms isolated from horses.
Am J Vet Res, 50(6), 923-925.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square 19348.
MeSH Terms
- Amikacin / pharmacology
- Animals
- Drug Resistance, Microbial
- Enterobacter / drug effects
- Enterobacter / isolation & purification
- Enterobacteriaceae / drug effects
- Enterobacteriaceae Infections / microbiology
- Enterobacteriaceae Infections / veterinary
- Escherichia coli / drug effects
- Escherichia coli / isolation & purification
- Gentamicins / pharmacology
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horses
- Klebsiella / drug effects
- Klebsiella / isolation & purification
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests
- Proteus / drug effects
- Proteus / isolation & purification
- Pseudomonas / drug effects
- Pseudomonas / isolation & purification
- Pseudomonas Infections / microbiology
- Pseudomonas Infections / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Bauquier JR, Boston RC, Sweeney RW, Wilkins PA, Nolen-Walston RD. Plasma Peak and Trough Gentamicin Concentrations in Hospitalized Horses Receiving Intravenously Administered Gentamicin.. J Vet Intern Med 2015 Nov-Dec;29(6):1660-6.
- Yamout SZ, Magdesian KG, Tokarz DA, le Jeune SS. Intrathoracic pulsion diverticulum in a horse.. Can Vet J 2012 Apr;53(4):408-11.
- Lavoie JP, Couture L, Higgins R, Laverty S. Aerobic bacterial isolates in horses in a university hospital, 1986-1988.. Can Vet J 1991 May;32(5):292-4.
- Butt TD, Bailey JV, Dowling PM, Fretz PB. Comparison of 2 techniques for regional antibiotic delivery to the equine forelimb: intraosseous perfusion vs. intravenous perfusion.. Can Vet J 2001 Aug;42(8):617-22.
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