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Canadian journal of comparative medicine : Revue canadienne de medecine comparee1971; 35(1); 71-76;

Response of ferrets and monkeys to intranasal infection with human, equine and avian influenza viruses.

Abstract: Rhesus monkeys and ferrets were exposed to intranasal inoculation of several strains of egg-adapted avian, equine and human influenza viruses and to strains of mouse-adapted equine influenza viruses. Local replication of virus and seroconversion were observed in the majority of these animals. However, clinical infection was observed only in ferrets.
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Publication Date: 1971-01-01 PubMed ID: 4251419PubMed Central: PMC1319544
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the response of Rhesus monkeys and ferrets to different strains of influenza viruses upon nasal exposure. It was found that while these animals did display local virus replication and seroconversion, only ferrets showed signs of clinical infection.

Exposure and Inoculation of Influenza Viruses

In this study, Rhesus monkeys and ferrets were exposed to several strains of influenza viruses, including:

  • Avian influenza viruses
  • Equine influenza viruses
  • Human influenza viruses

These virus strains were egg-adapted— meaning, they were grown in eggs as part of the cultivation process. Some of the equine influenza strains were also adapted to mice.

Observations on Viral Replication and Seroconversion

After the exposure, researchers observed the following biological changes in most monkeys and ferrets:

  • Local replication of the virus: This refers to the multiplication of the virus in the local tissues where it first entered the body— in this case, the nasal tissue. Local replication is critical for a virus to establish an infection in a host.
  • Seroconversion: A positive change in the detection of specific antibodies in the blood. It implies that the animal’s immune system is responding to the virus. Seroconversion is used to measure if a host responded to an infection or a vaccine.

Occurrence of Clinical Infection

However, clinical infection was only observed in ferrets and not in monkeys. Clinical infection refers to apparent symptoms that demonstrate an active illness or disease, indicating that the virus has caused harm to the host’s body. This suggests that ferrets are more susceptible to these influenza viruses, allowing potential infections to proceed further than in monkeys.

Cite This Article

APA
Marois P, Boudreault A, DiFranco E, Pavilanis V. (1971). Response of ferrets and monkeys to intranasal infection with human, equine and avian influenza viruses. Can J Comp Med, 35(1), 71-76.

Publication

Canadian journal of comparative medicine : Revue canadienne de medecine comparee
ISSN: 0008-4050
NlmUniqueID: 0151747
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 35
Issue: 1
Pages: 71-76

Researcher Affiliations

Marois, P
    Boudreault, A
      DiFranco, E
        Pavilanis, V

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Antigen-Antibody Reactions
          • Birds
          • Carnivora
          • Cross Reactions
          • Haplorhini
          • Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
          • Horses
          • Humans
          • Immune Sera
          • Influenza, Human / immunology
          • Influenza, Human / veterinary
          • Monkey Diseases / microbiology
          • Nose / microbiology
          • Orthomyxoviridae / isolation & purification
          • Orthomyxoviridae / pathogenicity
          • Respiratory Tract Infections / immunology
          • Respiratory Tract Infections / microbiology
          • Turkeys
          • Virus Replication

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