Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of a tincture derived from the roots of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. (taiga root tincture) for use in dogs, cats and horses (FEFANA asbl).
Abstract: Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of a tincture from the roots of (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. (taiga root tincture) when used as a sensory additive in feed for dogs, cats and horses. The Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) concluded that the additive is safe for dogs, cats and horses at the maximum proposed use level of 460.7, 489.5 and 140.7 mg/kg complete feed, respectively. The additive was considered safe for consumers when used at the proposed conditions of use in horses for meat production. The additive under assessment should be considered as irritant to skin and eyes, and as a skin and respiratory sensitiser. The use of the taiga root tincture as a flavour in feed for horses was not expected to pose a risk for the environment. Since the root of has flavouring properties and its function in feed would be essentially the same as that in food, no further demonstration of efficacy is considered necessary for the tincture under assessment.
© 2023 European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH on behalf of European Food Safety Authority.
Publication Date: 2023-02-28 PubMed ID: 36866192PubMed Central: PMC9972550DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7876Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research looked at the safety and effectiveness of using a tincture made from the roots of Eleutherococcus senticosus (taiga root tincture) as a feed additive for dogs, cats, and horses. The study concluded that it is safe to use at the specified levels and has flavoring properties, thus no further proof of efficacy was deemed necessary.
Objective of Research
- The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) carried out the research following a request from the European Commission. The motive of the study was to deliver a scientific opinion about the safety and efficacy of the tincture derived from the roots of Eleutherococcus senticosus as a sensory additive in feed for dogs, cats, and horses.
Study Conclusions
- The Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) concluded that the tincture additive is safe for dogs, cats, and horses when used at the proposed amounts per kg of complete feed. The specific recommended levels are 460.7 mg/kg for dogs, 489.5 mg/kg for cats, and 140.7 mg/kg for horses.
- The tincture was also deemed safe for consumers when used at the proposed conditions in horses meant for meat production.
- However, the taiga root tincture was considered to be an irritant to skin and eyes and may cause skin and respiratory sensitization.
Environmental Impact and Efficacy
- The usage of the tincture as a flavor in horse feed is not expected to pose significant environmental risks.
- As the tincture from the root has flavoring properties, its function would primarily be the same in feed as it would in human food. Therefore, no additional proof of effectiveness was seen as necessary.
Cite This Article
APA
Bampidis V, Azimonti G, Bastos ML, Christensen H, Durjava M, Kouba M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Sanz Y, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Brantom P, Chesson A, Westendorf J, Manini P, Pizzo F, Dusemund B.
(2023).
Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of a tincture derived from the roots of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. (taiga root tincture) for use in dogs, cats and horses (FEFANA asbl).
EFSA J, 21(2), e07876.
https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7876 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
References
This article includes 27 references
- Bespalov VG, Aleksandrov VA, Semenov AL, Kovan'ko EG, Ivanov SD. [Comparative effects of difluoromethylornithine and tincture of Siberian ginseng root on radiation carcinogenesis and life span in rats].. Adv Gerontol 2012;25(2):293-300.
- Burdock GA. Fenaroli's handbook of flavor ingredients. 6th edn.
- Commentary on the PhEur. Arzneibuch‐Kommentar. Gesamtwerk einschließlich 62. Aktualisierungslieferung 2019. 2019.
- EFSA (European Food Safety Authority). Compendium of botanicals reported to contain naturally occurring substances of possible concern for human health when used in food and food supplements. EFSA Journal 2012;10(5):2663, 60 pp.
- EFSA FEEDAP Panel (EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed). Guidance for the preparation of dossiers for sensory additives. EFSA Journal 2012;10(1):2534, 26 pp.
- EFSA FEEDAP Panel (EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed). Guidance on studies concerning the safety of use of the additive for users/workers. EFSA Journal 2012;10(1):2539, 5 pp.
- Rychen G, Aquilina G, Azimonti G, Bampidis V, Bastos ML, Bories G, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Flachowsky G, Gropp J, Kolar B, Kouba M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Mantovani A, Mayo B, Ramos F, Saarela M, Villa RE, Wallace RJ, Wester P, Anguita M, Galobart J, Innocenti ML. Guidance on the identity, characterisation and conditions of use of feed additives.. EFSA J 2017 Oct;15(10):e05023.
- Rychen G, Aquilina G, Azimonti G, Bampidis V, Bastos ML, Bories G, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Flachowsky G, Gropp J, Kolar B, Kouba M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Mantovani A, Mayo B, Ramos F, Saarela M, Villa RE, Wallace RJ, Wester P, Anguita M, Galobart J, Innocenti ML, Martino L. Guidance on the assessment of the safety of feed additives for the target species.. EFSA J 2017 Oct;15(10):e05021.
- Rychen G, Aquilina G, Azimonti G, Bampidis V, Bastos ML, Bories G, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Flachowsky G, Gropp J, Kolar B, Kouba M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Mantovani A, Mayo B, Ramos F, Saarela M, Villa RE, Wallace RJ, Wester P, Anguita M, Dujardin B, Galobart J, Innocenti ML. Guidance on the assessment of the safety of feed additives for the consumer.. EFSA J 2017 Oct;15(10):e05022.
- Rychen G, Aquilina G, Azimonti G, Bampidis V, Bastos ML, Bories G, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Flachowsky G, Gropp J, Kolar B, Kouba M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Mantovani A, Mayo B, Ramos F, Saarela M, Villa RE, Wallace RJ, Wester P, Anguita M, Galobart J, Innocenti ML, Martino L. Guidance on the assessment of the efficacy of feed additives.. EFSA J 2018 May;16(5):e05274.
- Bampidis V, Bastos M, Christensen H, Dusemund B, Kouba M, Kos Durjava M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Sanz Y, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Brock T, de Knecht J, Kolar B, van Beelen P, Padovani L, Tarrés-Call J, Vettori MV, Azimonti G. Guidance on the assessment of the safety of feed additives for the environment.. EFSA J 2019 Apr;17(4):e05648.
- EFSA SC (EFSA Scientific Committee). Guidance on safety assessment of botanicals and botanical preparations intended for use as ingredients in food supplements, on request of EFSA. EFSA Journal 2009;7(9):1249, 19 pp.
- More SJ, Bampidis V, Benford D, Bennekou SH, Bragard C, Halldorsson TI, Hernández-Jerez AF, Koutsoumanis K, Naegeli H, Schlatter JR, Silano V, Nielsen SS, Schrenk D, Turck D, Younes M, Benfenati E, Castle L, Cedergreen N, Hardy A, Laskowski R, Leblanc JC, Kortenkamp A, Ragas A, Posthuma L, Svendsen C, Solecki R, Testai E, Dujardin B, Kass GE, Manini P, Jeddi MZ, Dorne JC, Hogstrand C. Guidance on harmonised methodologies for human health, animal health and ecological risk assessment of combined exposure to multiple chemicals.. EFSA J 2019 Mar;17(3):e05634.
- More S, Bampidis V, Benford D, Boesten J, Bragard C, Halldorsson T, Hernandez-Jerez A, Hougaard-Bennekou S, Koutsoumanis K, Naegeli H, Nielsen SS, Schrenk D, Silano V, Turck D, Younes M, Aquilina G, Crebelli R, Gürtler R, Hirsch-Ernst KI, Mosesso P, Nielsen E, Solecki R, Carfì M, Martino C, Maurici D, Parra Morte J, Schlatter J. Genotoxicity assessment of chemical mixtures.. EFSA J 2019 Jan;17(1):e05519.
- More SJ, Bampidis V, Benford D, Bragard C, Halldorsson TI, Hernández-Jerez AF, Hougaard Bennekou S, Koutsoumanis KP, Machera K, Naegeli H, Nielsen SS, Schlatter JR, Schrenk D, Silano V, Turck D, Younes M, Gundert-Remy U, Kass GEN, Kleiner J, Rossi AM, Serafimova R, Reilly L, Wallace HM. Guidance on the use of the Threshold of Toxicological Concern approach in food safety assessment.. EFSA J 2019 Jun;17(6):e05708.
- nEMA (European Medicines Agency). Assessment report on Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim., radix. EMA/HMPC/680615/2013.
- nEMA (European Medicines Agency). Community herbal monograph on Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim., radix. EMA/HMPC/680618/2013.
- Hirosue T, Matsuzawa M, Kawai HH, Osogai Y, Yoshimura H, Takemoto K. Mutagenicity and subacute toxicity of Acanthopanax senticosus extracts in rats. Journal of Food Hygienic Society of Japan 27, 380–386.
- Hong CE, Lyu SY. Evaluation of the Mutagenic Properties of Two Lignans from Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai.. Toxicol Res 2013 Dec 31;29(4):279-83.
- Kirsch V, Bakuradze T, Richling E. Toxicological testing of syringaresinol and enterolignans.. Curr Res Toxicol 2020 Jun 10;1:104-110.
- Lu F, Sun Q, Bai Y, Bao S, Li X, Yan G, Liu S. Characterization of eleutheroside B metabolites derived from an extract of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms by high-resolution liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and automated data analysis.. Biomed Chromatogr 2012 Oct;26(10):1269-75.
- Ma B, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Li J, Xu Q, Li X, Yang X, Yao D, Sun J, Cui G, Ying H. Simultaneous determination of Eleutheroside B and Eleutheroside E in rat plasma by high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and its application in a pharmacokinetic study.. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013 Feb 15;917-918:84-92.
- Park SH, Lee SG, Kang SK, Chung SH. Acanthopanax senticosus reverses fatty liver disease and hyperglycemia in ob/ob mice.. Arch Pharm Res 2006 Sep;29(9):768-76.
- Sun H, Lv H, Zhang Y, Wang X, Bi K, Cao H. Pharmacokinetics of isofraxidin in rat plasma after oral administration of the extract of Acanthopanax senticosus using HPLC with solid phase extraction method.. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007 Sep;55(9):1291-5.
- Sun H, Lv H, Zhang Y, Meng X, Sui J, Wang X, Bi K. HPLC method for preliminary analysis of constituents in rat blood after oral administration of the extract of Acanthopanax senticosus.. J Sep Sci 2007 Dec;30(18):3120-6.
- PhEur (European Pharmacopoeia). Eleutherococcus (Eleutherococcus radix) European Pharmacopoeia, 10th Edition. European Pharmacopoeia Monograph 01/2008:1419.
- WHO (World Health Organization). WHO monograph on selected medicinal plants. Radix Eleutherococci.. 2, 83–96.
Citations
This article has been cited 0 times.Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
