Searching for serum protein markers of equine squamous gastric disease using gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry.
Abstract: Equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) is a very common disorder but an accurate and practical screening technique for detecting ESGD is currently lacking. Objective: To identify serum protein markers to detect ESGD using electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Methods: Proteomic analysis and bioinformatics. Methods: ESGD was diagnosed using gastroscopy in 30 horses. Gastric ulceration was categorised into three groups: normal, mild/moderate and severe ESGD. Pooled sera from each group were compared using 1D electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The candidate proteins for ESGD markers were selected based on their specifically high expression in nonglandular stomach, and their association with gastric ulceration using public gene and protein databases. Results: The prevalence of ESGD in this study was 43% (with mild/moderate ESGD at 33% and severe ESGD at 10%). The proteomic study revealed that the identified serum protein markers for normal equine stomach were B4GALNT2 and XDH. The marker for mild/moderate EGSD was KRT10, while the marker for severe ESGD was KLK13. Furthermore, markers for both ulcer types were SLC4A7, PPARG, FCGBP, PKP1, ASPRV1 and KRT5-like proteins. Conclusions: The functions of the identified proteins are not well characterised in horse. Proteomics is a tool for screening protein markers, but confirmation of putative protein markers with specific antibodies is required. Conclusions: In total, 10 serum proteins found in this study may be used as putative markers for ESGD. However, confirmation of candidate proteins with specific antibodies in a larger study cohort is necessary before it can be used in the veterinary clinic or on horse farms. The Summary is available in Portuguese - see Supporting Information.
© 2019 EVJ Ltd.
Publication Date: 2019-02-07 PubMed ID: 30636330DOI: 10.1111/evj.13068Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research paper is focused on identifying serum protein markers for equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) using electrophoresis and mass spectrometry techniques.
Objective of the Study
The objective of this research was to identify serum protein markers for ESGD, a very common disorder in horses. Despite its prevalence, a practical and accurate screening method for ESGD is currently missing. The researchers employed gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry techniques in an effort to fill this gap.
Methods Used
- Diagnosis of ESGD was performed using gastroscopy in 30 horses and the existence of gastric ulceration was categorized into three groups: normal, mild/moderate, and severe ESGD.
- The researchers pooled sera from each category and compared them using one-dimensional (1D) electrophoresis and mass spectrometry.
- The selection of protein markers for ESGD was based on proteins that were highly expressed in the non-glandular stomach and those associated with gastric ulceration as per public gene and protein databases.
Key Findings
- The study revealed a prevalence of 43% ESGD, where 33% of cases were mild/moderate in nature and 10% were severe.
- The protein markers identified for a normal equine stomach were B4GALNT2 and XDH, while KRT10 was noted as a marker for mild/moderate ESGD, and KLK13 for severe ESGD.
- In both ulcer types, the markers SLC4A7, PPARG, FCGBP, PKP1, ASPRV1, and KRT5-like proteins were identified.
Conclusions
- The specific functions of these proteins in the horse are not yet completely understood.
- Proteomics proves a useful tool in the search for protein markers,but these putative markers require further verification with specific antibodies for confirmation.
- A total of 10 serum proteins were proposed as markers for ESGD from this study, but before these can be applied in a veterinary clinic or on horse farms, a larger study cohort is needed for validation with specific antibodies.
Cite This Article
APA
Tesena P, Yingchutrakul Y, Roytrakul S, Taylor J, Angkanaporn K, Wongtawan T.
(2019).
Searching for serum protein markers of equine squamous gastric disease using gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry.
Equine Vet J, 51(5), 581-586.
https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13068 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Clinical Science and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, Genome Technology Research Unit, National Centre for Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, Genome Technology Research Unit, National Centre for Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
- Biomedical Teaching Organisation, Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal Science and Laboratory of Cellular Biomedicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomarkers / blood
- Blood Proteins / analysis
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / blood
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horses
- Stomach Diseases / blood
- Stomach Diseases / diagnosis
- Stomach Diseases / veterinary
Grant Funding
- Research Scholarships and Thesis Grant from Graduate School of Chulalongkorn University
- Research grant from Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University
- Proteomics Research Laboratory of National Centre for Genetics Engineering
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Matas-Quintanilla M, Whitacre L, Ipharraguerre IR, Gutiérrez-Panizo C, Gutiérrez AM. Assessment of Salivary Biomarkers of Gastric Ulcer in Horses from a Clinical Perspective. Animals (Basel) 2025 Jul 31;15(15).
- Fakfum P, Chuljerm H, Parklak W, Roytrakul S, Phaonakrop N, Lerttrakarnnon P, Kulprachakarn K. Plasma Proteomics of Type 2 Diabetes, Hypertension, and Co-Existing Diabetes/Hypertension in Thai Adults. Life (Basel) 2024 Oct 5;14(10).
- Vokes J, Lovett A, Sykes B. Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome: An Update on Current Knowledge. Animals (Basel) 2023 Apr 5;13(7).
- Muñoz-Prieto A, Contreras-Aguilar MD, Cerón JJ, Ayala I, Martin-Cuervo M, Gonzalez-Sanchez JC, Jacobsen S, Kuleš J, Beletić A, Rubić I, Mrljak V, Tecles F, Hansen S. Changes in Proteins in Saliva and Serum in Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome Using a Proteomic Approach. Animals (Basel) 2022 May 2;12(9).
- Pratt S, Bowen I, Hallowell G, Shipman E, Redpath A. Assessment of agreement using the equine glandular gastric disease grading system in 84 cases. Vet Med Sci 2022 Jul;8(4):1472-1477.
- Hewetson M, Tallon R. Equine Squamous Gastric Disease: Prevalence, Impact and Management. Vet Med (Auckl) 2021;12:381-399.
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