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Sensitivity and specificity for African horse sickness antibodies detection using monovalent and polyvalent vaccine antigen-based dot blotting.
Abstract: The immune responses of animals infected with African horse sickness (AHS) virus are determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), complement fixation, and virus neutralization test. During the outbreaks of AHS in Thailand, the immune response after vaccination has been monitored using commercial test kits such as blocking ELISA, which are expensive imported products unavailable commercially in Thailand. This study aimed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of anti-AHS virus antibodies using dot blotting based on monovalent and polyvalent strains of live attenuated AHS vaccine. Unassigned: A total of 186 horse sera, namely, 93 AHS-unvaccinated samples and 93 AHS-vaccinated samples, were used in this study. All sera underwent antibodies detection using commercial blocking ELISA and in-house dot blotting based on monovalent and polyvalent strains of live attenuated AHS vaccine. The numbers of true positive, false positive, true negative, and false negative results in the dot blotting were compared with those in blocking ELISA and the sensitivity and specificity of dot blotting were assessed. Unassigned: For the monovalent antigen, there were 78, 19, 74, and 15 true positive, false positive, true negative, and false negative results, respectively, while for the polyvalent antigen, the corresponding numbers were 84, 34, 58, and 9. Meanwhile, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for monovalent antigen were 83.87% and 79.57%, respectively, but 90.32% and 62.37% for polyvalent antigen. Unassigned: Dot blotting for AHS antibodies detection using vaccine antigen showed high sensitivity and rather a high specificity compared with the findings with the commercial ELISA test kit. In countries where commercial ELISA test kits are not available and when the size of a serum sample is small, dot blotting could become a good alternative test given its advantages, including its simplicity, rapidity, and convenience. To the best of our knowledge, these findings are the first report on the use of dot blotting for detecting AHS antibodies in horses. In conclusion, monovalent antigen-based dot blotting could be used as a reliable alternative serodiagnostic test for monitoring AHS humoral immune response, especially in vaccinated horses.
Copyright: © Taesuji, et al.
Publication Date: 2022-12-05 PubMed ID: 36718334PubMed Central: PMC9880840DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2760-2763Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- African Horse Sickness
- Antibodies
- Clinical Study
- Comparative Study
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease
- Disease Diagnosis
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
- Epidemiology
- Equine Health
- Horses
- Immune Response
- Infection
- Infectious Disease
- Laboratory Methods
- Serodiagnosis
- Vaccine
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
- Virus
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research aims to assess the effectiveness of using a dot blotting technique, which relies on monovalent and polyvalent strains of a live attenuated vaccine for the African horse sickness (AHS), to detect AHS virus antibodies. The researchers found that dot blotting was an efficient and specific alternative to more expensive commercial kits typically used in regions where these kits are not readily available.
Objective of the Research
- The research was initiated to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of anti-AHS virus antibodies detection using a method called dot blotting, which involves monovalent and polyvalent strains of live attenuated AHS vaccine.
- This study was conducted in light of the AHS outbreaks in Thailand, where commercial kits for immune response tests are not readily available or are expensive.
Methodology of the Research
- The study examined 186 horse serum samples, half of which were from AHS unvaccinated subjects and the other half from AHS vaccinated subjects.
- Both commercial blocking ELISA and in-house dot blotting techniques were used to detect antibodies in these samples.
- The true positive, false positive, true negative, and false negative results from the dot blotting method were compared with those from the blocking ELISA method, to determine the sensitivity and specificity of dot blotting.
Key Findings of the Research
- The research determined the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for the monovalent antigen to be 83.87% and 79.57% respectively, and 90.32% and 62.37% for the polyvalent antigen.
- Dot blotting exhibited high sensitivity and fair specificity when compared with commercial ELISA test kits. This means that dot blotting was effective at correctly identifying those with the antibody (high sensitivity) and those without it (fair specificity).
Conclusion and Implications
- This tool is recommended as a good alternative testing method in countries where these commercial ELISA test kits are not readily available or affordable, particularly when dealing with small serum samples. The test offers advantages such as being simple, quick, and convenient.
- As per the researchers’ knowledge, this is the first study to utilize dot blotting to detect AHS antibodies in horses.
- At the conclusion, the study suggests that monovalent antigen-based dot blotting could serve as a reliable alternative for serodiagnostic testing for monitoring the humoral immune response to AHS, particularly in vaccinated horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Taesuji M, Rattanamas K, Kulthonggate U, Mamom T, Ruenphet S.
(2022).
Sensitivity and specificity for African horse sickness antibodies detection using monovalent and polyvalent vaccine antigen-based dot blotting.
Vet World, 15(12), 2760-2763.
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.2760-2763 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Master of Science Program in Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Clinic for Horse, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Master of Science Program in Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Clinic for Horse, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Master of Science Program in Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Master of Science Program in Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Immunology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Punyadarsaniya D, Taesuji M, Rattanamas K, Ruenphet S. Establishment of an In-House Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Detect Antibodies Against African Horse Sickness Based on Monovalent and Polyvalent Live Attenuated Vaccines During the First Outbreak in Thailand. Animals (Basel) 2025 May 15;15(10).
- Kunanusont N, Taesuji M, Kulthonggate U, Rattanamas K, Mamom T, Thongsri K, Phannithi T, Ruenphet S. Longitudinal humoral immune response and maternal immunity in horses after a single live-attenuated vaccination against African horse sickness during the disease outbreak in Thailand. Vet World 2023 Aug;16(8):1690-1694.
- Petrone-García VM, Castellanos-Huerta I, Tellez-Isaias G. Editorial: High-impact respiratory RNA virus diseases. Front Vet Sci 2023;10:1273650.
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