Sequence analyses of the p24 gene of Borna disease virus in naturally infected horse, donkey and sheep.
Abstract: By reverse transcriptase/PCR amplification and subsequent sequence determination of the p24 gene, the relatedness of Borna disease virus (BDV) in various naturally infected animal species was determined. These results are indicative of a common ancestral virus pool and a remarkably low species barrier of BDV. Comparison of 11 sequences to that of tissue culture adapted virus revealed that the homology among all isolates was at least 96.2% at the nucleotide level, and 97% at the amino acid level. Viral sequences from sheep, donkey and horse were found to be not more distantly related to each other than sequences from different infected horses. Tissue-specific virus variants were detected in one horse: the sequences established from infected cerebrum and kidney showed 10 mutations, whereas sequences obtained from parotid gland contained 20 mutations in comparison to the nucleotide sequence of MDCK cell adapted BDV.
Publication Date: 1994-12-01 PubMed ID: 7856315DOI: 10.1016/0168-1702(94)90128-7Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research article is about assessing the genetic relation of the Borna disease virus (BDV) across different naturally affected species – horses, sheep, and donkeys. It finds out that there is a strikingly low species barrier of BDV, and these species share a common ancestral virus pool.
Objective of the Study
This scientific study primarily aims to:
- Examine the relatedness of Borna disease virus (BDV) among different naturally affected species, namely horse, donkey, and sheep, by using the technique of reverse transcriptase Polymeric Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification and subsequent sequence determination of the p24 gene.
- Determine the genetic similarity of the BDV in these species at both the nucleotide and amino acid levels.
- Identify and contrast the tissue-specific variants of the virus within the same host species.
Methodology
The research has followed an elaborate methodology involving:
- Utilization of reverse transcriptase PCR for the amplification of the BDV sequences from the naturally-infected species.
- Post amplification, the sequence determination of the p24 gene, which is integral for BDV, was performed.
- The derived sequences of the virus from the different species were then put through comparison at both nucleotide and amino acid levels.
Findings of the Study
The findings of the research are manifold and provide significant insights into the genetic sequence and relatedness of BDV across different species.
- It was found that all the isolates had at least 96.2% homology at the nucleotide level and 97% at the amino acid level when compared with the tissue culture adapted virus.
- The sequences derived from the sheep, donkey, and horse were not more distantly related to each other than those from different infected horses.
- One horse showed tissue-specific virus variants: the sequences obtained from the infected cerebrum and kidney displayed 10 mutations, whereas sequences from the parotid gland showed 20 mutations when compared with the nucleotide sequence of the Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell adapted BDV.
Conclusion
The study sheds light upon the highly similar nature of BDV in different species, indicating a remarkably low species barrier. The discovery of a common ancestral virus pool amongst these species prompts further research into the virus’ evolution and cross-species infectivity. The detection of tissue-specific virus mutations in the same host species is another significant finding that can steer future research.
Cite This Article
APA
Binz T, Lebelt J, Niemann H, Hagenau K.
(1994).
Sequence analyses of the p24 gene of Borna disease virus in naturally infected horse, donkey and sheep.
Virus Res, 34(3), 281-289.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1702(94)90128-7 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Microbiology, Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, Tübingen, Germany.
MeSH Terms
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Borna Disease / virology
- Borna disease virus / genetics
- DNA, Viral
- Equidae
- Genes, Viral
- Genetic Variation
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Molecular Sequence Data
- RNA, Viral / isolation & purification
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Homology
- Sheep
- Sheep Diseases / genetics
- Viral Proteins / genetics
Citations
This article has been cited 20 times.- Sunagawa J, Komorizono R, Park H, Hart WS, Thompson RN, Makino A, Tomonaga K, Iwami S, Yamaguchi R. Contact-number-driven virus evolution: A multi-level modeling framework for the evolution of acute or persistent RNA virus infection.. PLoS Comput Biol 2023 May;19(5):e1011173.
- Sukmak M, Okamoto M, Ando T, Hagiwara K. Genetic stability of the open reading frame 2 (ORF2) of borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) distributed in cattle in Hokkaido.. J Vet Med Sci 2021 Oct 2;83(10):1526-1533.
- Gunn-Moore D. Infectious diseases of the central nervous system.. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2005 Jan;35(1):103-28, vi.
- Hornig M, Briese T, Lipkin WI. Borna disease virus.. J Neurovirol 2003 Apr;9(2):259-73.
- Vahlenkamp TW, Konrath A, Weber M, Müller H. Persistence of Borna disease virus in naturally infected sheep.. J Virol 2002 Oct;76(19):9735-43.
- Nishino Y, Kobasa D, Rubin SA, Pletnikov MV, Carbone KM. Enhanced neurovirulence of borna disease virus variants associated with nucleotide changes in the glycoprotein and L polymerase genes.. J Virol 2002 Sep;76(17):8650-8.
- Carbone KM. Borna disease virus and human disease.. Clin Microbiol Rev 2001 Jul;14(3):513-27.
- Jordan I, Lipkin WI. Borna disease virus.. Rev Med Virol 2001 Jan-Feb;11(1):37-57.
- Formella S, Jehle C, Sauder C, Staeheli P, Schwemmle M. Sequence variability of Borna disease virus: resistance to superinfection may contribute to high genome stability in persistently infected cells.. J Virol 2000 Sep;74(17):7878-83.
- Degiorgis MP, Berg AL, Hârd Af Segerstad C, Mörner T, Johansson M, Berg M. Borna disease in a free-ranging lynx (Lynx lynx).. J Clin Microbiol 2000 Aug;38(8):3087-91.
- Herden C, Herzog S, Richt JA, Nesseler A, Christ M, Failing K, Frese K. Distribution of Borna disease virus in the brain of rats infected with an obesity-inducing virus strain.. Brain Pathol 2000 Jan;10(1):39-48.
- Iwata Y, Takahashi K, Peng X, Fukuda K, Ohno K, Ogawa T, Gonda K, Mori N, Niwa S, Shigeta S. Detection and sequence analysis of borna disease virus p24 RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with mood disorders or schizophrenia and of blood donors.. J Virol 1998 Dec;72(12):10044-9.
- Shoya Y, Kobayashi T, Koda T, Ikuta K, Kakinuma M, Kishi M. Two proline-rich nuclear localization signals in the amino- and carboxyl-terminal regions of the Borna disease virus phosphoprotein.. J Virol 1998 Dec;72(12):9755-62.
- Gonzalez-Dunia D, Sauder C, de la Torre JC. Borna disease virus and the brain.. Brain Res Bull 1997;44(6):647-64.
- Richt JA, Pfeuffer I, Christ M, Frese K, Bechter K, Herzog S. Borna disease virus infection in animals and humans.. Emerg Infect Dis 1997 Jul-Sep;3(3):343-52.
- Hatalski CG, Lewis AJ, Lipkin WI. Borna disease.. Emerg Infect Dis 1997 Apr-Jun;3(2):129-35.
- Fujiwara S, Takahashi H, Nakaya T, Nakamura Y, Nakamura K, Iwahashi K, Kazamatsuri H, Iritani S, Kuroki N, Ikeda K, Ikuta K. Microplate hybridization for Borna disease virus RNA in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1997 May;4(3):387-91.
- Hagiwara K, Kawamoto S, Takahashi H, Nakamura Y, Nakaya T, Hiramune T, Ishihara C, Ikuta K. High prevalence of Borna disease virus infection in healthy sheep in Japan.. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1997 May;4(3):339-44.
- Sauder C, Müller A, Cubitt B, Mayer J, Steinmetz J, Trabert W, Ziegler B, Wanke K, Mueller-Lantzsch N, de la Torre JC, Grässer FA. Detection of Borna disease virus (BDV) antibodies and BDV RNA in psychiatric patients: evidence for high sequence conservation of human blood-derived BDV RNA.. J Virol 1996 Nov;70(11):7713-24.
- Kishi M, Arimura Y, Ikuta K, Shoya Y, Lai PK, Kakinuma M. Sequence variability of Borna disease virus open reading frame II found in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.. J Virol 1996 Jan;70(1):635-40.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
