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Home/Equine Research Bank/Sci Rep/Seroprevalence and risk factors for Neospora spp. infection ...
Scientific reports2023; 13(1); 20242; doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-47601-y

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Neospora spp. infection in equine in Egypt.

Abstract: Neospora infections in equine are associated with reproductive disorders and neurological diseases. Nevertheless, Egypt has no epidemiological information on this parasite in equine. This study determined the prevalence of Neospora spp. infection in 325 equines from three Egyptian governorates located at Northern Egypt using cELISA. The prevalence of antibodies against Neospora spp. was 19% (95% CI: 14.09-25.05) in horse, 34.1% (95%CI: 24.92-44.69) in donkey and 26.7% (95% CI: 15.97-41.04) in mule. In comparison to horse, donkey had a considerably higher chance of contracting Neospora spp. infection (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 0.78-4.13; P = 0.016). The risk was also higher in freely grazing animals (OR = 3.49, 95% CI: 0.95-12.78; P = 0.059). Moreover, yearling animals (12-24 months) (OR = 5.03, 95% CI: 1.51-16.80; P = 0.009) and those with natural breeding (OR = 11.80, 95% CI: 3.24-42.99, P < 0.0001) and a history of early abortion (OR = 7.04, 95% CI: 3.01-16.47; P < 0.0001) also showed a greater risk of seropositivity. The risk of Neospora infection increased significantly in equines contacted with dogs (OR = 5.16, 95% CI: 1.76-15.10; P = 0.003). This the first serological study to determine the seroprevalence of Neospora spp. in equine in Egypt. Further studies are necessary to identify the species of Neospora and to understand the role of above-mentioned risk factors in spreading of infection.
© 2023. The Author(s).
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Publication Date: 2023-11-19 PubMed ID: 37981658PubMed Central: PMC10658168DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47601-yGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study explores the prevalence and risk factors of Neospora infection, a parasite linked to reproductive and neurological issues, in horses, donkeys, and mules in Northern Egypt. Results showed varying rates of the infection in different animals, with donkeys showing higher chances of infection. Several risk factors associated with increased prevalence were identified.

Study Overview and Objectives

  • The study wanted to assess the prevalence of Neospora spp. infections in equines in Egypt, a topic on which no previous epidemiological information existed.
  • Neospora infections can lead to severe reproductive and neurological diseases, potentially affecting the health and productivity of equines.
  • The study employed competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for detecting Neospora infections in equines across three Egyptian governorates.

Key Findings

  • The overall prevalence of Neospora spp. infection was found to be 19% in horses, 34.1% in donkeys, and 26.7% in mules.
  • The infection was much higher in donkeys as compared to horses, with an odds ratio of 1.80.
  • Freely grazing animals were found to have a significantly higher risk of infection, with an odds ratio of 3.49.
  • Young animals between 12 to 24 months (yearlings) and those with natural breeding practices were at greater risk of infection.
  • Those equines having a history of early abortion also showed a higher risk.
  • Significantly, the risk of Neospora infection was found to be higher in equines that had contacts with dogs.

Implications of the Findings

  • The study offers initial insights into the prevalence of Neospora infections in equines in Egypt, a topic previously unexplored.
  • These findings can help in adopting informed precautions and prevention measures directed towards identified high-risk groups – namely, donkeys, young animals, freely grazing animals, naturally bred ones, and those equines with a history of early abortion.
  • Moreover, the finding on the link between Neospora infection and contact with dogs suggests a useful clue for future studies to investigate the role of dogs in spreading the infection.
  • The authors recommend further research to identify the precise species of Neospora and to better understand the role of the identified risk factors in spreading the infection.

Cite This Article

APA
Alshammari A, Gattan HS, Marzok M, Selim A. (2023). Seroprevalence and risk factors for Neospora spp. infection in equine in Egypt. Sci Rep, 13(1), 20242. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-47601-y

Publication

Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
NlmUniqueID: 101563288
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Pages: 20242
PII: 20242

Researcher Affiliations

Alshammari, Ayed
  • Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia.
Gattan, Hattan S
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
  • Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Marzok, Mohamed
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. mmarzok@kfu.edu.sa.
  • Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El Sheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt. mmarzok@kfu.edu.sa.
Selim, Abdelfattah
  • Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt. Abdelfattah.selim@fvtm.bu.edu.eg.

MeSH Terms

  • Female
  • Pregnancy
  • Horses
  • Animals
  • Dogs
  • Neospora
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Egypt / epidemiology
  • Risk Factors
  • Equidae

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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