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Journal of veterinary internal medicine2020; 34(3); 1332-1338; doi: 10.1111/jvim.15758

Serum cortisol and thyroid hormone concentrations and survival in foals born from mares with experimentally induced ascending placentitis.

Abstract: There are few publications on occurrence of nonthyroidal illness syndrome in foals and on the prognostic value of cortisol and thyroid hormone (TH) concentrations in newborn foals. Objective: To determine serum cortisol and TH concentrations (total and free thyroxine: T and T ; total and free triiodothyronine: T and T ) in foals born from mares with placentitis, to determine their association with survival, and their use as prognostic markers. Methods: A cohort of 29 newborn foals comprising 5 Control, 14 Low-risk, and 10 Sick foals were evaluated over the first week of life. Methods: In this prospective study foals born to mares with experimentally-induced placentitis were assigned to Low-risk or Sick groups while foals born to control mares were classified as Control based on clinical findings. Foals were also classified as Term (n = 13), Dysmature (n = 7), or Premature (n = 9), and survival rate was recorded. Serum cortisol and TH hormone concentrations were measured at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 168 hours of life. Results: Sick non-surviving foals had lower (P < .05) T : cortisol ratio at 12 (3.68 ± 1.06 versus 18.58 ± 2.78), 24 (5.47 ± 2.34 versus 23.40 ± 3.82), and 48 (10.47 ± 6.29 versus 26.6 ± 2.90) hours of life when compared to Sick surviving foals and lower (P < .05) T : cortisol ratio at 12 (75.12 ± 21.71 versus 414.47 ± 58.47) and 24 hours (127.83 ± 55.21 versus 430.87 ± 80.31) after birth than Sick surviving foals. Conclusions: Placental infections can impair fetal thyroid function. Low T : cortisol and T : cortisol ratios seem to be good prognostic markers in newborn foals.
© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2020-04-27 PubMed ID: 32339347PubMed Central: PMC7255665DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15758Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research paper focuses on the concentration of cortisol and thyroid hormone in newborn foals born from mares with placentitis. It looks into how these levels influence the survival rates of the foals, as well as the potential for such levels to be used as prognostic markers.

Research Objective and Methods

  • The primary objective of the study was to determine the serum cortisol and thyroid hormone (both total and free thyroxine and triiodothyronine) concentrations in newborn foals derived from mares suffering from placentitis, and their correlation with the foals’ survival.
  • The study involved a group of 29 newborn foals, which included 5 Control foals (from healthy mares), 14 Low-risk foals, and 10 Sick foals (from mares with placentitis). The classification of Low-risk and Sick was based on clinical findings.
  • Foals were further categorized as Term, Dysmature, or Premature. The researchers also recorded survival rates of the foals.
  • The measurement of serum cortisol and thyroid hormone concentrations took place at specific hours after birth: 0, 12, 24, 48, and 168 hours.

Research Findings

  • According to the study, Sick non-surviving foals exhibited lower ratios of thyroxine to cortisol at 12, 24, and 48 hours after birth, compared to Sick surviving foals.
  • The same Sick non-surviving foals also displayed a lower ratio of triiodothyronine to cortisol at 12 and 24 hours after birth than Sick surviving foals. This implies a correlation between these ratios and the survival of the foals.

Conclusions

  • The conclusions drawn from the study are two-fold. Firstly, placental infections in mares can potentially disrupt fetal thyroid function.
  • Secondly, low thyroxine to cortisol and triiodothyronine to cortisol ratios could act as reliable prognostic markers in newborn foals. These can help to predict the outcome for the foals born from mares with placentitis.

Cite This Article

APA
Müller V, Toribio RE, Dembek K, Moraes BSS, Mousquer MA, Curcio BR, Nogueira CEW. (2020). Serum cortisol and thyroid hormone concentrations and survival in foals born from mares with experimentally induced ascending placentitis. J Vet Intern Med, 34(3), 1332-1338. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15758

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 34
Issue: 3
Pages: 1332-1338

Researcher Affiliations

Müller, Vitória
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Toribio, Ramiro E
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
Dembek, Katarzyna
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Iowa, United States.
Moraes, Bruna S S
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Mousquer, Mariana A
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Curcio, Bruna R
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Nogueira, Carlos E W
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / blood
  • Horse Diseases / mortality
  • Horse Diseases / physiopathology
  • Horses
  • Hydrocortisone / blood
  • Placenta Diseases / microbiology
  • Placenta Diseases / veterinary
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / veterinary
  • Prospective Studies
  • Streptococcal Infections / veterinary
  • Streptococcus equi
  • Thyroid Hormones / blood
  • Thyroxine / blood
  • Triiodothyronine / blood

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Johnson K, Peterson J, Kopper J, Dembek K. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to ovine corticotropin-releasing-hormone stimulation tests in healthy and hospitalized foals. J Vet Intern Med 2023 Jan;37(1):292-301.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.16604pubmed: 36651191google scholar: lookup
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