FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Single injection of intra-articular autologous protein solut...
Equine veterinary journal2024; doi: 10.1111/evj.14203

Single injection of intra-articular autologous protein solution in horses with acute interleukin-1B-induced synovitis decreases joint pathology scores.

Abstract: Autologous protein solution (APS) has been shown to decrease lameness in horses with osteoarthritis (OA). Synovitis is an early driver of OA, providing an opportunity to intervene in the progression of disease via intra-articular (IA) therapeutics. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a single IA APS injection in horses with interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced synovitis. We hypothesised that APS would decrease joint swelling and lameness, improve synovial fluid parameters and improve joint pathology scores in horses compared with untreated controls. Methods: Randomised controlled in vivo experiment. Methods: Synovitis was induced with IL-1β (65 ng) in one randomly selected tarsocrural joint. Twenty-four hours later, joints were treated with APS (Pro-Stride®) (n = 12) or left as untreated controls (n = 6). Lameness examinations and joint circumference measurements were performed on Days 0 (prior to IL-1β), 1 (prior to APS), 2, 4, 7 and 14. Synovial fluid, obtained on the same days, was analysed for protein concentration, nucleated cell count, and cytokine (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations. Gross pathology and synovial membrane histopathology scoring was performed on APS-treated (n = 5), untreated control (n = 4) and normal (n = 9) tarsocrural joints. Results: APS did not decrease lameness or joint circumference compared with untreated controls. Synovial fluid parameters were not different between treatment groups. APS treatment did significantly decrease gross and histopathology scores. Conclusions: Main limitations included the use of an induced model of the synovitis, inter-horse variability in the response to IL-1β and likely variability in the constituents of APS from individual horses. Conclusions: APS treatment of tarsocrural joints with synovitis did not significantly improve lameness or alter synovial fluid parameters. APS did lead to significant improvement in gross joint appearance and synovial membrane histology suggesting that APS may have disease-modifying effects.
© 2024 The Author(s). Equine Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2024-07-25 PubMed ID: 39051479DOI: 10.1111/evj.14203Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the impact of an autologous protein solution (APS) injection on horses suffering from synovitis, an early indicator of osteoarthritis. It was observed that while APS did not significantly reduce lameness or alter synovial fluid parameters, it did considerably improve joint appearance and synovial membrane histology.

Objective and Hypothesis of the Study

  • The objective of this research was to study the effects of a single intra-articular APS injection on horses with synovitis, induced by interleukin-1β (IL-1β).
  • The expectation was that APS would reduce joint swelling and lameness, enhance synovial fluid parameters, and improve joint pathology scores in horses when compared with those untreated.

Research Methodology

  • Synovitis was induced with IL-1β (65 ng) in one randomly selected tarsocrural joint.
  • After 24 hours, the inflamed joints were treated with APS (Pro-Stride®) (n = 12), or left as untreated controls (n = 6).
  • Progress was tracked until Day 14 by performing lameness assessments, measuring joint circumference, and analyzing synovial fluid for protein concentration, nucleated cell count, cytokine and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations.
  • Gross pathology and synovial membrane histopathology scoring was performed on APS-treated, untreated control and normal tarsocrural joints.

Outcomes of the Study

  • APS did not significantly decrease lameness or joint circumference compared with untreated controls.
  • There was no significant difference observed in synovial fluid parameters between the two treatment groups.
  • A significant decrease was noted in gross and histopathology scores following APS treatment.
  • The primary limitations of the study included the utilization of induced synovitis model, variability in horse’s response to IL-1β and potentially varying constituents of APS from individual horses.
  • While APS treatment did not amplify lameness improvement or modify synovial fluid parameters, the treatment did lead to significant improvements in the gross appearance of the joint and synovial membrane histology.

Conclusion

  • The study suggests that although APS injection did not significantly reduce lameness or alter synovial fluid parameters, it did improve joint appearance and synovial membrane histology.
  • Thus, APS could potentially have disease-modifying effects and might be utilized as a therapeutic intervention in early-stage osteoarthritis.

Cite This Article

APA
Usimaki A, Ciamillo SA, Barot D, Linardi RL, Engiles JB, Ortved KF. (2024). Single injection of intra-articular autologous protein solution in horses with acute interleukin-1B-induced synovitis decreases joint pathology scores. Equine Vet J. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.14203

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

Usimaki, Alexandra
  • Department of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
Ciamillo, Sarah A
  • Department of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
Barot, Dhvani
  • Department of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
Linardi, Renata L
  • Department of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
Engiles, Julie B
  • Department of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
  • Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Ortved, Kyla F
  • Department of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.

Grant Funding

  • Zoetis

References

This article includes 39 references
  1. Scanzello CR, Goldring SR. The role of synovitis in osteoarthritis pathogenesis.. Bone 2012;51:249–257.
  2. Henderson B, Pettipher ER. The synovial lining cell: biology and pathobiology.. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1985;15:1–32.
  3. Frisbie D, Johnson S. Synovial joint biology and pathobiology.. In: Auer J, Stick J, Kummerle J, Prange T, editors. Equine surgery. 5th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier; 2019. p. 1326–1347.
  4. Ayral X, Pickering EH, Woodworth TG, Mackillop N, Dougados M. Synovitis: a potential predictive factor of structural progression of medial tibiofemoral knee osteoarthritis—results of a 1 year longitudinal arthroscopic study in 422 patients.. Osteoarthr Cartil 2005;13:361–367.
  5. Strauss EJ, Goodrich LR, Chen CT, Hidaka C, Nixon AJ. Biochemical and biomechanical properties of lesion and adjacent articular cartilage after chondral defect repair in an equine model.. Am J Sports Med 2005;33:1647–1653.
  6. Sellam J, Berenbaum F. The role of synovitis in pathophysiology and clinical symptoms of osteoarthritis.. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2010;6:625–635.
  7. Ortved KF. Equine autologous conditioned serum and autologous protein solution.. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2023;39:443–451.
  8. Linardi RL, Dodson ME, Moss KL, King WJ, Ortved KF. The effect of autologous protein solution on the inflammatory cascade in stimulated equine chondrocytes.. Front Vet Sci 2019;6:64.
  9. Bertone AL, Ishihara A, Zekas LJ, Wellman ML, Lewis KB, Schwarze RA. Evaluation of a single intra‐articular injection of autologous protein solution for treatment of osteoarthritis in horses.. Am J Vet Res 2014;75:141–151.
  10. Woodell‐May J, Matuska A, Oyster M, Welch Z, O'Shaughnessey K, Hoeppner J. Autologous protein solution inhibits MMP‐13 production by IL‐1β and TNFα‐stimulated human articular chondrocytes.. J Orthop Res 2011;29:1320–1326.
  11. Matuska A, O'Shaughnessey K, King W, Woodell‐May J. Autologous solution protects bovine cartilage explants from IL‐1α‐ and TNFα‐induced cartilage degradation.. J Orthop Res 2013;31:1929–1935.
  12. Colbath AC, Dow SW, Hopkins LS, Phillips JN, McIlwraith CW, Goodrich LR. Induction of synovitis using interleukin‐1 beta: are there differences in the response of middle carpal joint compared to the tibiotarsal joint?. Front Vet Sci 2018;5:208.
  13. American Association of Equine Practitioners. Guide for veterinary services and judging of equestrian events.. AAEP Monogr 1991;1:19–27.
  14. Schwartz D, Pusterla N, Jacobsen S, Christopher MM. Analytical validation of a new point‐of‐care assay for serum amyloid A in horses.. Equine Vet J 2018;50:678–683.
  15. Gilbertie JM, Schaer TP, Engiles JB, Seiler GS, Deddens BL, Schubert AG. A platelet‐rich plasma‐derived biologic clears Staphylococcus aureus biofilms while mitigating cartilage degeneration and joint inflammation in a clinically relevant large animal infectious arthritis model.. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022;12:895022.
  16. McIlwraith CW, Frisbie DD, Kawcak CE, Fuller CJ, Hurtig M, Cruz A. The OARSI histopathology initiative—recommendations for histological assessments of osteoarthritis in the horse.. Osteoarthr Cartil 2010;18:S93–S105.
  17. Ross TN, Kisiday JD, Hess T, McIlwraith CW. Evaluation of the inflammatory response in experimentally induced synovitis in the horse: a comparison of recombinant equine interleukin 1 beta and lipopolysaccharide.. Osteoarthr Cartil 2012;20:1583–1590.
  18. Wanstrath AW, Hettlich BF, Su L, Smith A, Zekas LJ, Allen MJ. Evaluation of a single intra‐articular injection of autologous protein solution for treatment of osteoarthritis in a canine population.. Vet Surg 2016;45:764–774.
  19. Colbath AC, Dow SW, Hopkins LS, Phillips JN, McIlwraith CW, Goodrich LR. Single and repeated intra‐articular injections in the tarsocrural joint with allogeneic and autologous equine bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells are safe, but did not reduce acute inflammation in an experimental interleukin‐1β model of synovitis.. Equine Vet J 2020;52:601–612.
  20. Browning SR, Weiser AM, Woolf N, Golish SR, SanGiovanni TP, Scuderi GJ. Platelet‐rich plasma increases matrix metalloproteinases in cultures of human synovial fibroblasts.. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:e1721–e1727.
  21. Braun HJ, Kim HJ, Chu CR, Dragoo JL. The effect of platelet‐rich plasma formulations and blood products on human synoviocytes: implications for intra‐articular injury and therapy.. Am J Sports Med 2014;42:1204–1210.
  22. Vasina EM, Cauwenberghs S, Feijge MAH, Heemskerk JWM, Weber C, Koenen RR. Microparticles from apoptotic platelets promote resident macrophage differentiation.. Cell Death Dis 2011;2:e211.
  23. Peña AN, Sommerfeld SD, Anderson AE, Han J, Maestas DR, Mejias JC. Autologous protein solution processing alters lymphoid and myeloid cell populations and modulates gene expression dependent on cell type.. Arthritis Res Ther 2022;24:221.
  24. King W, Bendele A, Marohl T, Woodell‐May J. Human blood‐based anti‐inflammatory solution inhibits osteoarthritis progression in a meniscal‐tear rat study.. J Orthop Res 2017;35:2260–2268.
  25. Muir SM, Reisbig N, Baria M, Kaeding C, Bertone AL. The concentration of plasma provides additional bioactive proteins in platelet and autologous protein solutions.. Am J Sports Med 2019;47:1955–1963.
  26. Kamm JL, Nixon AJ, Witte TH. Cytokine and catabolic enzyme expression in synovium, synovial fluid and articular cartilage of naturally osteoarthritic equine carpi.. Equine Vet J 2010;42:693–699.
  27. Bird JLE, Wells T, Platt D, Bayliss MT. IL‐1B induces the degradation of equine articular cartilage by a mechanism that is not mediated by nitric oxide.. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 1997;238:81–85.
  28. Simão AP, Almeida TMO, Mendonça VA, Santos SA, Gomes WF, Coimbra CC. Soluble TNF receptors are produced at sites of inflammation and are inversely associated with self‐reported symptoms (WOMAC) in knee osteoarthritis.. Rheumatol Int 2014;34:1759–1763.
  29. Ortved KF, Begum L, Stefanovski D, Nixon AJ. AAV‐mediated overexpression of IL‐10 mitigates the inflammatory cascade in stimulated equine chondrocyte pellets.. Curr Gene Ther 2018;18:171–179.
  30. Finnegan A, Kaplan CD, Cao Y, Eibel H, Glant TT, Zhang J. Collagen‐induced arthritis is exacerbated in IL‐10‐deficient mice.. Arthritis Res Ther 2003;5:R18–R24.
  31. Finnson KW, Chi Y, Bou‐Gharios G, Leask A, Philip A. TGF‐b signaling in cartilage homeostasis and osteoarthritis.. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2012;4:251–268.
  32. Ongchai S, Somnoo O, Kongdang P, Peansukmanee S, Tangyuenyong S. TGF‐β1 upregulates the expression of hyaluronan synthase 2 and hyaluronan synthesis in culture models of equine articular chondrocytes.. J Vet Sci 2018;19:735.
  33. Ludwig EK, Brandon Wiese R, Graham MR, Tyler AJ, Settlage JM, Werre SR. Serum and synovial fluid serum amyloid A response in equine models of synovitis and septic arthritis.. Vet Surg 2016;45:859–867.
  34. Jacobsen S, Thomsen MH, Nanni S. Concentrations of serum amyloid A in serum and synovial fluid from healthy horses and horses with joint disease.. Am J Vet Res 2006;67:1738–1742.
  35. Hraha TH, Doremus KM, Mcilwraith CW, Frisbie DD. Autologous conditioned serum: the comparative cytokine profiles of two commercial methods (IRAP and IRAP II) using equine blood.. Equine Vet J 2011;43:516–521.
  36. Lasarzik de Ascurra J, Ehrle A, Einspanier R, Lischer C. Influence of incubation time and incubation tube on the cytokine and growth factor concentrations of autologous conditioned serum in horses.. J Equine Vet Sci 2019;75:30–34.
  37. Fjordbakk CT, Johansen GM, Løvås AC, Oppegård KL, Storset AK. Surgical stress influences cytokine content in autologous conditioned serum.. Equine Vet J 2015;47:212–217.
  38. Marques‐Smith P, Kallerud AS, Johansen GM, Boysen P, Jacobsen AM, Reitan KM. Is clinical effect of autologous conditioned serum in spontaneously occurring equine articular lameness related to ACS cytokine profile?. BMC Vet Res 2020;16:181.
  39. Ortved K. Effect of Autologous Protein Solution on Equine Synovitis.. 2024.

Citations

This article has been cited 0 times.
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,357 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.