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Infection and immunity1979; 23(2); 472-478; doi: 10.1128/iai.23.2.472-478.1979

Specificity of response to viral proteins in horses infected with equine infectious anemia virus.

Abstract: Three structural proteins of equine infectious anemia virus were purified, labeled with 125I, and utilized in radioimmunoassays with horse sera and antisera to heterologous retroviruses. Whereas radioimmunoassay titers for the major protein, p25, were 500- to 1,000-fold higher than titers in immunodiffusion, for clinical purposes these two procedures were equivalent. Antibodies to two low-molecular-weight proteins, p12 and p10, were also found in infected horses, but with a lower frequency and lower titers. As a rule, only sera positive for p25 also contained antibody to p12 and p10. Antisera to the major structural protein of other retroviruses did not precipitate equine infectious anemia virus p25. These sera include antibody to mammalian type C viruses, bovine leukemia virus, visna virus, mouse mammary tumor virus, squirrel monkey retrovirus, and Mason-Pfizer monkey virus.
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Publication Date: 1979-02-01 PubMed ID: 217831PubMed Central: PMC414189DOI: 10.1128/iai.23.2.472-478.1979Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The given research focuses on exploring the effects of equine infectious anemia virus on horses. The study sheds light on the immune response of infected horses towards three structural proteins of the virus, with further comparison and assessment of diagnostic procedures.

Investigation with Viral Proteins

  • The researchers began by purifying three structural proteins of the equine infectious anemia virus. These proteins were then labeled with 125I, a radioactive isotope of iodine, to be used in further experimentation.
  • These labelled proteins were used in radioimmunoassays along with horse sera (the liquid part of blood after clotting) and antisera to heterologous retroviruses (antibodies formed against other types of retroviruses). This process ensured efficient detection and measurement of antibodies produced by the horses in response to the equine infectious anemia virus.

Results and Analysis

  • The researchers found that radioimmunoassay titers (the highest dilution of serum that still reacts to the virus) for the major viral protein, p25, were 500- to 1,000-fold higher than titers detected in immunodiffusion, a technique used to observe the reaction between an antigen (i.e., the virus) and its specific antibody.
  • However, despite this difference in magnitude, the research claims both procedures to be equivalent for clinical purposes. The likely interpretation here is that although radioimmunoassay appears more sensitive in detecting antibodies, both methods are equally useful in a clinical scenario for diagnosing equine infectious anemia virus.
  • The study also detected antibodies to two other low-molecular-weight proteins, p12 and p10, in infected horses. These antibodies were found with lower frequency and lower titers compared to the p25 protein.
  • A notable observation was that, typically, only the sera positive for p25 also contained antibodies for p12 and p10, suggesting an order or dependency in the horse’s immune response to these viral proteins.

Comparative Assessment

  • In the course of this study, the researchers observed that antisera, formed against the primary structural protein of other retroviruses, did not precipitate (bind to and precipitate out from the solution) equine infectious anemia virus p25.
  • This included antibodies to various viruses like mammalian type C viruses, bovine leukemia virus, visna virus, mouse mammary tumor virus, squirrel monkey retrovirus, and Mason-Pfizer monkey virus. This finding implies specificity in the immune response to the equine infectious anemia virus, underscoring the unique nature of its proteins, especially p25.

Cite This Article

APA
Charman H, Long C, Coggins L. (1979). Specificity of response to viral proteins in horses infected with equine infectious anemia virus. Infect Immun, 23(2), 472-478. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.23.2.472-478.1979

Publication

Infection and immunity
ISSN: 0019-9567
NlmUniqueID: 0246127
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 23
Issue: 2
Pages: 472-478

Researcher Affiliations

Charman, H
    Long, C
      Coggins, L

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Antibodies, Viral / analysis
        • Equine Infectious Anemia / immunology
        • Horses
        • Immunodiffusion
        • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / immunology
        • Radioimmunoassay
        • Retroviridae / immunology
        • Viral Proteins / immunology

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        Citations

        This article has been cited 3 times.
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        3. Zhu JC, Cook JH, Dahmani M, Riley SP. The host calcium system contributes to intracellular Rickettsia pathogenesis. Infect Immun 2025 Oct 14;93(10):e0036325.
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