Spontaneous production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PGE2) and neutral metalloproteinases (NMPs) in media of explant cultures of equine synovial membrane and articular cartilage from normal and osteoarthritic joints.
Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and the activity of neutral metalloproteinases (NMPs) were measured in conditioned media of equine synovial membrane and articular cartilage explant cultures from horses with normal joints (n = 7) and from horses affected with moderate (n = 7) or severe osteoarthritis (n = 14) as judged by macroscopic appearance. Normal articular cartilage appeared glossy and bluish-white, was of normal thickness and showed no evidence of discolouration, fibrillation or other cartilage discontinuity. Slight discolouration and fibrillation or minor clefts of the cartilage were considered as moderate OA, whereas erosions of articular cartilage down to the subchondral bone were considered as cases of severe OA. Explant cultures of equine synovial membrane and articular cartilage released the local mediators, NO and PGE2, as well as detectable levels of NMP activity into culture media. Concentrations of NO were higher in articular cartilage explants compared to synovial membrane explants, whereas concentrations of PGE2 were higher in synovial membrane explants. The NMPs with collagenolytic activities were similar in both explant cultures, whereas gelatinolytic activities were higher in synovial membrane explant cultures and caseinolytic activities were generally higher in articular cartilage explant cultures. Furthermore it was shown that concentrations or enzyme activities increased according to the severity of disease of the joints. Concentrations for NO, collagenolytic and gelatinolytic NMPs were relatively stable, whereas PGE2 and caseinolytic NMP concentrations increased over time in culture.
Publication Date: 2000-04-01 PubMed ID: 10743970DOI: 10.2746/042516400777591598Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research investigates the levels of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and neutral metalloproteinases (NMPs) activity in the tissues of horse joints that are healthy, moderately osteoarthritic, and severely osteoarthritic.
Study Design and Methodology
- The study used equine synovial membrane and articular cartilage cultures taken from normal joints and joints affected with moderate or severe osteoarthritis.
- A detailed examination was conducted to classify the various states of the joints. The normal articular cartilage appeared glossy and bluish-white, neither discolored nor showed signs of fibrillation. Joints with slight discoloration, fibrillation, or minor clefts were classified as moderate osteoarthritis (OA). In contrast, joints with erosions down to the subchondral bone were classified as severe OA.
Results and Findings
- The study found that NO, PGE2, and NMPs were all detectable in the media of equine synovial membrane and articular cartilage cultures.
- NO concentration was higher in articular cartilage cultures compared to synovial membrane cultures. However, synovial membrane cultures had higher PGE2 concentrations.
- In terms of enzyme activity, collagenolytic activity was similar in both cultures. Higher levels of gelatinolytic activities were observed in synovial membrane cultures while caseinolytic activities were generally higher in articular cartilage cultures.
- The study also observed that enzyme activity and concentrations increased in proportion to the severity of joint disease. The NO, collagenolytic and gelatinolytic NMP levels remained relatively stable, whereas the PGE2 concentration and caseinolytic NMP levels increased over culture time.
Significance and Impact
- This research provides valuable insight into how the severity of osteoarthritis in horse joints affects the activity of enzymes and the concentrations of various substances.
- The findings could potentially guide future studies and contribute to the development of treatments for horse joint diseases like osteoarthritis.
Cite This Article
APA
von Rechenberg B, McIlwraith CW, Akens MK, Frisbie DD, Leutenegger C, Auer JA.
(2000).
Spontaneous production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PGE2) and neutral metalloproteinases (NMPs) in media of explant cultures of equine synovial membrane and articular cartilage from normal and osteoarthritic joints.
Equine Vet J, 32(2), 140-150.
https://doi.org/10.2746/042516400777591598 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cartilage, Articular / metabolism
- Caseins / metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Collagen / metabolism
- Culture Media
- Dinoprostone / biosynthesis
- Gelatin / metabolism
- Horse Diseases / metabolism
- Horses
- Metalloendopeptidases / biosynthesis
- Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis
- Osteoarthritis / metabolism
- Osteoarthritis / veterinary
- Synovial Membrane / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Jiang W, Wang H, Li YS, Luo W. Role of vasoactive intestinal peptide in osteoarthritis. J Biomed Sci 2016 Aug 23;23(1):63.
- Lamprecht ED, Williams CA. Biomarkers of antioxidant status, inflammation, and cartilage metabolism are affected by acute intense exercise but not superoxide dismutase supplementation in horses. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2012;2012:920932.
- El-Warrak AO, Olmstead M, Schneider R, Meinel L, Bettschart-Wolfisberger R, Akens MK, Auer J, von Rechenberg B. An experimental animal model of aseptic loosening of hip prostheses in sheep to study early biochemical changes at the interface membrane. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2004 Mar 3;5:7.
- Korac L, St George L, MacNicol J, McCrae P, Jung L, Golestani N, Karrow N, Cánovas A, Pearson W. Functional and biochemical inflammatory responses to low-dose intra-articular recombinant equine IL-1β: a pilot study. Front Vet Sci 2025;12:1746738.
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