Squamous cell carcinoma with clear cell differentiation in an equine eyelid.
Abstract: A 15-y-old Miniature horse mare had a 6-mo history of an ulcerated mass on the right lower eyelid. An incisional biopsy and a subsequent excisional biopsy were submitted to the Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for microscopic evaluation. Histologically, the incisional biopsy was composed of sheets of large neoplastic vacuolated polygonal cells. A few regions contained poorly differentiated neoplastic round-to-basaloid cells that rimmed the sheets of highly vacuolated polygonal cells. Both vacuolated and basaloid cells exhibited strong perimembranous and cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for E-cadherin and cytokeratin 5/6, respectively. Vacuolated polygonal cells were histochemically negative for periodic acid-Schiff, mucicarmine, and oil red O, consistent with a diagnosis of poorly differentiated carcinoma. Within the excisional biopsy specimen, there were anastomosing cords and nests of neoplastic squamous epithelial cells that merged with sheets of similar vacuolated polygonal cells. These findings are consistent with a squamous cell carcinoma with clear cell differentiation. In addition, in the adjacent dermis, there was solar elastosis suggestive of ultraviolet (UV) damage. A clear cell variant of squamous cell carcinoma is a rare entity in humans that previously has not been described in animals, to our knowledge, and is often associated with chronic UV exposure.
Publication Date: 2019-01-19 PubMed ID: 30661458PubMed Central: PMC6838830DOI: 10.1177/1040638718824377Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research paper discusses a case of a 15-year-old miniature horse mare diagnosed with a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma with clear cell differentiation, a condition previously not reported in animals. This was associated with chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light.
Case Description
- The horse had a six-month history of an ulcerated mass on her lower right eyelid.
- An incisional biopsy, followed by an excisional biopsy, was performed and evaluated microscopically.
Histological Observations
- The incisional biopsy revealed large neoplastic vacuolated polygonal cells. Some areas showed poorly differentiated neoplastic round-to-basaloid cells that bordered the polygonal cells.
- Both these cell types showed strong perimembranous and cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for E-cadherin and cytokeratin 5/6, respectively.
- The vacuolated polygonal cells tested negative for periodic acid-Schiff, mucicarmine, and oil red O, leading to the diagnosis of poorly differentiated carcinoma.
Excisional Biopsy Findings
- Anastomosing cords and nests of neoplastic squamous epithelial cells were observed, merging with sheets of the vacuolated polygonal cells.
- These characteristics were identified as signs of squamous cell carcinoma with clear cell differentiation.
- Solar elastosis in the adjacent dermis suggested UV damage.
Illuminated Significance of the Findings
- The findings represent a unique occurrence of a clear cell variant of squamous cell carcinoma in animals. This type of cancer is rare even in humans.
- The clear cell carcinoma was linked to the horse’s chronic exposure to UV, an association that aligns with human cases.
- Such cases contribute to broader dermatopathology knowledge and may help to expand the understanding of mechanisms involved in carcinoma differentiation.
Cite This Article
APA
Stein L, Sledge D, Smedley R, Kiupel M, Thaiwong T.
(2019).
Squamous cell carcinoma with clear cell differentiation in an equine eyelid.
J Vet Diagn Invest, 31(2), 259-262.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638718824377 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory.
- Department of Pathobiology.
- Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory.
- Department of Pathobiology.
- Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory.
- Department of Pathobiology.
- Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory.
- Department of Pathobiology.
- Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory.
- Department of Pathobiology.
- Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biopsy / veterinary
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / veterinary
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / pathology
- Eyelid Neoplasms / diagnosis
- Eyelid Neoplasms / pathology
- Eyelid Neoplasms / veterinary
- Female
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Michigan
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to
the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
References
This article includes 18 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Al-Jameel W, Al-Mahmood SS, Al-Saidya AM. Correlation between p53 and Mdm2 expression with histopathological parameters in cattle squamous cell carcinomas. Vet World 2022 Jan;15(1):10-15.
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