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Stem Cell Therapy for Tendon Regeneration: Current Status and Future Directions.
Abstract: In adults the healing tendon generates fibrovascular scar tissue and recovers never histologically, mechanically, and functionally which leads to chronic and to degenerative diseases. In this review, the processes and mechanisms of tendon development and fetal regeneration in comparison to adult defect repair and degeneration are discussed in relation to regenerative therapeutic options. We focused on the application of stem cells, growth factors, transcription factors, and gene therapy in tendon injury therapies in order to intervene the scarring process and to induce functional regeneration of the lesioned tissue. Outlines for future therapeutic approaches for tendon injuries will be provided.
Publication Date: 2018-07-26 PubMed ID: 30043235DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_194Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article discusses the potential of using stem cell therapy for the regeneration of tendon injuries in adults, which often lead to chronic and degenerative diseases due to the formation of fibrovascular scar tissue.
Understanding the Problem
- Unlike many bodily tissues that can heal themselves effectively after injury, tendons in adults often end up forming fibrovascular scar tissue. This hampers their recovery and can lead to chronic and degenerative diseases.
- The paper compares the developmental and regenerative processes of tendons in fetuses and adults, in order to highlight the differences and challenges posed in adult tendon repair and degeneration.
Potential Solution and Its Mechanisms
- This report’s central focus is on the use of stem cells to promote tendon healing. Stem cells are special cells with the potential to develop into many different cell types in the body during early life and growth. They also serve as an internal repair system, dividing without limit to replenish other cells.
- The proposed solutions use stem cells in combination with growth factors, transcription factors, and gene therapy – essentially using tools from our body’s natural healing and growth processes.
- The aim is to use these therapeutic methods to disrupt the scarring process and encourage the functional regeneration of the injured tissue, thus restoring it to its previous state, which would not be possible through normal healing processes in adults.
Looking Ahead
- The research article outlines the need for further research and development in this area, as well as possible future therapeutic approaches for treating tendon injuries using stem cell and related therapies.
- While it is a promising avenue for overcoming the challenges posed by tendon healing in adults, the application of stem cells for tendon regeneration is still in its early stages. Therefore, the authors urge for consideration of this review’s findings and continued research in this promising area.
Cite This Article
APA
Conrad S, Weber K, Walliser U, Geburek F, Skutella T.
(2018).
Stem Cell Therapy for Tendon Regeneration: Current Status and Future Directions.
Adv Exp Med Biol, 1084, 61-93.
https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2018_194 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- , PO Box 1243, 72072, Tübingen, Germany.
- Tierärztliches Zentrum für Pferde in Kirchheim Altano GmbH, Kirchheim unter Teck, Germany.
- Tierärztliches Zentrum für Pferde in Kirchheim Altano GmbH, Kirchheim unter Teck, Germany.
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Horses - Department of Surgery, Giessen, Germany.
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. skutella@ana.uni-heidelberg.de.
MeSH Terms
- Adult
- Humans
- Regeneration
- Stem Cell Transplantation / trends
- Tendon Injuries / therapy
- Tendons / physiology
Citations
This article has been cited 11 times.- Shen Y, Wang Y, Xu Y, Wang J, Yin C, Han Z, Shen F, Wang T. Therapeutic potential and mechanisms of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells differentiating into tendon cells and promotion of rotator cuff tendon-bone healing. J Tissue Eng 2025 Jan-Dec;16:20417314251315185.
- Chen J, Sheng R, Mo Q, Backman LJ, Lu Z, Long Q, Chen Z, Cao Z, Zhang Y, Liu C, Zheng H, Qi Y, Cao M, Rui Y, Zhang W. Controlled TPCA-1 delivery engineers a pro-tenogenic niche to initiate tendon regeneration by targeting IKKβ/NF-κB signaling. Bioact Mater 2025 Feb;44:319-338.
- Yin Z, Chen Z, Yin N, Zhu Y, Zhang B, Zhou T, Tan H, Xu Y. [Progress and prospect of biological treatment for rotator cuff injury repair]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023 Sep 15;37(9):1169-1176.
- Fujisawa Y, Ming L, Yamada D, Takao T, Takarada T. Establishment of a human pluripotent stem cell-derived MKX-td Tomato reporter system. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022 Nov 12;13(1):515.
- Shojaee A, Ejeian F, Parham A, Nasr Esfahani MH. Optimizing Tenogenic Differentiation of Equine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (eq-ASC) Using TGFB3 Along with BMP Antagonists. Cell J 2022 Jul 27;24(7):370-379.
- Yu HB, Xiong J, Zhang HZ, Chen Q, Xie XY. TGFβ1-transfected tendon stem cells promote tendon fibrosis. J Orthop Surg Res 2022 Jul 21;17(1):358.
- Park W, Gao G, Cho DW. Tissue-Specific Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Bioinks for Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration and Modeling Using 3D Bioprinting Technology. Int J Mol Sci 2021 Jul 22;22(15).
- Zhang C, Wu J, Li X, Wang Z, Lu WW, Wong TM. Current Biological Strategies to Enhance Surgical Treatment for Rotator Cuff Repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021;9:657584.
- Laurent A, Abdel-Sayed P, Grognuz A, Scaletta C, Hirt-Burri N, Michetti M, de Buys Roessingh AS, Raffoul W, Kronen P, Nuss K, von Rechenberg B, Applegate LA, Darwiche SE. Industrial Development of Standardized Fetal Progenitor Cell Therapy for Tendon Regenerative Medicine: Preliminary Safety in Xenogeneic Transplantation. Biomedicines 2021 Apr 3;9(4).
- Motais B, Charvátová S, Hrdinka M, Šimíček M, Jelínek T, Ševčíková T, Kořístek Z, Hájek R, Bagó JR. A Bird's-Eye View of Cell Sources for Cell-Based Therapies in Blood Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020 May 23;12(5).
- Yamada Y, Nakamura-Yamada S, Kusano K, Baba S. Clinical Potential and Current Progress of Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Various Systemic Diseases in Regenerative Medicine: A Concise Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019 Mar 6;20(5).
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