Stoicism or Defeat? The Psychological Impact of the Kiln Environment on Working Donkeys and Mules.

The research discusses the harsh conditions faced by working donkeys and mules in the brick kiln environment globally, specifically in countries like Egypt, Nepal, India, and Pakistan. The paper details the severe physical and psychological challenges these animals face and how they might exhibit signs of learned helplessness, depression, and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (cPTSD).

Working Conditions and Health Concerns

• The research identifies that donkeys and mules in brick kilns often face extreme hardships. From carrying excessive loads and working long hours, to experiencing limited access to food, water, and rest, the working conditions are particularly harsh.
• Moreover, the animals often suffer from untreated illnesses such as dental problems, lameness, and open wounds. These are typically a result of ill-fitting harnesses and aggression from handlers.

Psychological Impact

• The paper reveals that in addition to the physical health challenges, the mental wellbeing of these animals has been largely overlooked. The study applies a behavioral comparative analogy approach, comparing the signs associated with learned helplessness, depression, and cPTSD in humans and other animals to the behavior witnessed in donkeys and mules working in brick kilns.
• The findings indicate that the behaviors of these animals could be consistent with these mental health conditions. The brick kiln working environment also includes many of the key risk factors associated with the development of these disorders.

Consequences and Implications

• Interestingly, it’s noted that due to certain behavioral differences, the physical and mental health issues of donkeys and mules are more likely to be overlooked when compared to horses. This introduces an additional layer of risk for these animals.
• The results of the study underscore the need to end the use of donkeys and mules in this industry. Thorough understanding of these conditions and the stark realities faced by the animals should bolster efforts to replace their use in these harsh working environments.