Streptococcus durans: an unexpected enteropathogen of foals.
Abstract: Streptococcus durans was isolated from a foal with profuse watery diarrhea and caused a similar syndrome when inoculated into foals via the orogastric route. The most consistent and striking histological feature was the extensive colonization of the mucosal surface of the small intestine by S. durans. Associated mucosal changes were mild to modeate, and brush border lactase and alkaline phosphatase production were depressed. S. durans also induced acute diarrhea in young gnotobiotic piglets. Mucosal changes were mild and, as with foals, the mucosal surface of the small intestine was colonized by the organism.
Publication Date: 1984-10-01 PubMed ID: 6386998DOI: 10.1093/infdis/150.4.589Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article explores the unexpected role of the bacteria Streptococcus durans in causing severe diarrhea in foals. The bacteria was found to extensively colonize the lining of the small intestine, leading to mild to moderate changes in the intestinal mucosa, and was also shown to affect young piglets in a similar way.
Isolation and Identification of Streptococcus durans
- The researchers isolated and identified Streptococcus durans from a foal suffering from severe, watery diarrhea. The isolation and identification of the bacteria was a crucial first step establishing a potential causal link between S. durans and the diarrhea.
Inoculation and Observation
- After isolating the bacteria, the researchers inoculated it into healthy foals via the orogastric route (through the mouth to the stomach). This was done to confirm whether the isolated bacteria could induce similar symptoms in other foals.
- After the inoculation, the foals developed a similar syndrome of profuse watery diarrhea. This observation strengthened the causal link between the bacteria and the gastrointestinal problem in foals.
Microscopic Findings
- Microscopic examination of the affected foals’ small intestines showed that S. durans extensively colonized the mucosal surface. Ao%’,CAf’asssociated with this colonization, there were mild to moderate changes in the small intestine’s tissue (mucosa).
- Two important digestive enzymes, lactase and alkaline phosphatase, were found to be produced in lower amounts, suggesting an impact on the foals’ digestive health and nourishment.
Experiments on Gnotobiotic Piglets
- A parallel study was carried out on young gnotobiotic piglets, which are reared in germ-free conditions. These piglets were also affected in a similar way, with S. durans causing acute diarrhea.
- As with the foals, the mucosal surface of the small intestine of these piglets was colonized by S. durans. However, the mucosal changes were mild, indicating that the bacteria may have different degrees of impact on different species.
Cite This Article
APA
Tzipori S, Hayes J, Sims L, Withers M.
(1984).
Streptococcus durans: an unexpected enteropathogen of foals.
J Infect Dis, 150(4), 589-593.
https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/150.4.589 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Diarrhea / etiology
- Diarrhea / pathology
- Diarrhea / veterinary
- Escherichia coli / pathogenicity
- Female
- Horse Diseases / etiology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Streptococcal Infections / etiology
- Streptococcal Infections / pathology
- Streptococcal Infections / veterinary
- Streptococcus / pathogenicity
- Swine
Citations
This article has been cited 12 times.- Williams NJ, Slovis NM, Browne NS, Troedsson MHT, Giguėre S, Hernandez JA. Enterococcus durans infection and diarrhea in Thoroughbred foals.. J Vet Intern Med 2022 Nov;36(6):2224-2229.
- Gryaznova MV, Dvoretskaya YD, Syromyatnikov MY, Shabunin SV, Parshin PA, Mikhaylov EV, Strelnikov NA, Popov VN. Changes in the Microbiome Profile in Different Parts of the Intestine in Piglets with Diarrhea.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Jan 28;12(3).
- Esposito E, Campolo M, Casili G, Lanza M, Franco D, Filippone A, Peritore AF, Cuzzocrea S. Protective Effects of Xyloglucan in Association with the Polysaccharide Gelose in an Experimental Model of Gastroenteritis and Urinary Tract Infections.. Int J Mol Sci 2018 Jun 22;19(7).
- Hermann-Bank ML, Skovgaard K, Stockmarr A, Strube ML, Larsen N, Kongsted H, Ingerslev HC, Mølbak L, Boye M. Characterization of the bacterial gut microbiota of piglets suffering from new neonatal porcine diarrhoea.. BMC Vet Res 2015 Jun 23;11:139.
- Ghosh A, Borst L, Stauffer SH, Suyemoto M, Moisan P, Zurek L, Gookin JL. Mortality in kittens is associated with a shift in ileum mucosa-associated enterococci from Enterococcus hirae to biofilm-forming Enterococcus faecalis and adherent Escherichia coli.. J Clin Microbiol 2013 Nov;51(11):3567-78.
- Nicklas JL, Moisan P, Stone MR, Gookin JL. In situ molecular diagnosis and histopathological characterization of enteroadherent Enterococcus hirae infection in pre-weaning-age kittens.. J Clin Microbiol 2010 Aug;48(8):2814-20.
- Frederick J, Giguère S, Sanchez LC. Infectious agents detected in the feces of diarrheic foals: a retrospective study of 233 cases (2003-2008).. J Vet Intern Med 2009 Nov-Dec;23(6):1254-60.
- Magdesian KG. Neonatal foal diarrhea.. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2005 Aug;21(2):295-312, vi.
- Hathcock TL, Schumacher J, Wright JC, Stringfellow J. The prevalence of Aeromonas species in feces of horses with diarrhea.. J Vet Intern Med 1999 Jul-Aug;13(4):357-60.
- Etheridge ME, Yolken RH, Vonderfecht SL. Enterococcus hirae implicated as a cause of diarrhea in suckling rats.. J Clin Microbiol 1988 Sep;26(9):1741-4.
- Browning GF, Chalmers RM, Snodgrass DR, Batt RM, Hart CA, Ormarod SE, Leadon D, Stoneham SJ, Rossdale PD. The prevalence of enteric pathogens in diarrhoeic thoroughbred foals in Britain and Ireland.. Equine Vet J 1991 Nov;23(6):405-9.
- Siragusa GR. Production of bacteriocin inhibitory to Listeria species by Enterococcus hirae.. Appl Environ Microbiol 1992 Nov;58(11):3508-13.
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