Studies into equine electrocardiography and vectorcardiography. 3. Vector distribution in some cardiovascular disorders.
Abstract: The paper describes observations on the distributions of the P, QRS and T cardiac vectors in the horizontal plane, comparing healthy horses with those with arrhythmia and cardiac murmurs. Deviation of the T vector from the normal range appeared to occur most commonly in association with cardiac murmurs, particularly those involving the semilunar valves and aorta.
Publication Date: 1967-08-01 PubMed ID: 4227914PubMed Central: PMC1494718
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article deals with the study of differences in P, QRS, and T cardiac vector distributions in the horizontal plane in healthy horses vs those with cardiovascular disorders like arrhythmia and cardiac murmurs, with a specific focus on shifts in the T vector associated with cardiac murmurs related to the semilunar valves and aorta.
Equine Electrocardiography and Vectorcardiography
- The primary area of focus of the research is equine electrocardiography and vectorcardiography, techniques used to analyze the electric activity of the horse’s heart. Electrocardiography (ECG) plots heart’s electrical activity over time, while vectorcardiography (VCG) offers a more comprehensive picture of the heart’s electrical activity from different angles.
- For this research, the P, QRS, and T waves, which collectively represent one cardiac cycle on an ECG, are of interest. Deviations in the P wave indicates problems with atrial depolarization, while QRS deviations are related to ventricular depolarization. Changes in the T wave may suggest issues connected with ventricular repolarization.
Cardiac Vectors in the Horizontal Plane
- In this paper, the authors compared the vector distributions of P, QRS, and T in the horizontal plane between healthy horses and those with arrhythmia and cardiac murmurs. The horizontal plane, in this context, refers to the positioning of the heart when these measurements are taken.
- This comparison showed differences in vector distributions between the groups, suggesting that these variances might serve as diagnostic indicators for cardiovascular disorders in horses.
Association with Cardiac Murmurs
- The research found that the T vector deviation from its normal range is primarily associated with cardiac murmurs, especially those linked with the semilunar valves (the aortic and pulmonary valves) and the aorta.
- Cardiac murmurs refer to the sounds made by turbulent blood flow within the heart. These are usually indicative of structural abnormalities in the heart, specifically in and around the semilunar valves and the aorta, that either obstruct the normal blood flow or allow blood leakage.
- This observation has significant relevance to veterinary medicine as it might aid in the prompt identification and treatment of cardiovascular disorders in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Holmes JR, Alps BJ.
(1967).
Studies into equine electrocardiography and vectorcardiography. 3. Vector distribution in some cardiovascular disorders.
Can J Comp Med Vet Sci, 31(8), 207-212.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac / diagnosis
- Cardiovascular Diseases / diagnosis
- Horses
- Vectorcardiography
References
This article includes 4 references
- GRANT RP, ESTES EH Jr, DOYLE JT. Spatial vector electrocardiography; the clinical characteristics of S-T and T vectors.. Circulation 1951 Feb;3(2):182-97.
- GRANT RP. Left axis deviation; an electrocardiographic-pathologic correlation study.. Circulation 1956 Aug;14(2):233-49.
- Holmes JR, Alps BJ. Studies into equine electrocardiography and vectorcardiography: I. Cardiac electric forces and the dipole vector theory.. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci 1967 Apr;31(4):92-102.
- Holmes JR, Alps BJ. Studies Into Equine Electrocardiography and Vectorcardiography: II. Cardiac Vector Distributions in Apparently Healthy Horses.. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci 1967 Jun;31(6):150-5.
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Hesselkilde EM, Isaksen JL, Petersen BV, Carstensen H, Jespersen T, Pehrson S, Kanters JK, Buhl R. A novel approach for obtaining 12-lead electrocardiograms in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2021 Jan;35(1):521-531.
- Holmes JR, Alps BJ. Studies into equine electrocardiography and vectorcardiography. IV. Vector distributions in some arrhythmias. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci 1967 Sep;31(9):219-25.
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