FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Immunology / Studies on the IgA system of the horse.
Immunology1971; 21(3); 443-454;

Studies on the IgA system of the horse.

Abstract: Equine serum and secretions were found to contain a protein which cross-reacted with an antiserum against human IgA, but not with antisera against any other human immunoglobulin. The physicochemical properties of equine IgA resembled those of human IgA. IgA was found to be the immunoglobulin having the highest secretion serum concentration ratio in equine lacteal and salivary secretions, and to be the protein produced by the majority of immunoglobulin-containing cells in the of the equine intestine.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 1971-09-01 PubMed ID: 5568324PubMed Central: PMC1408142
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research focuses on a protein found in horse serum and secretions that overlaps with an antiserum against human IgA, an antibody subtype. This protein, identified as an antibody or IgA, showcases similarities with human IgA in its physical and chemical properties and appears as the most abundantly secreted in equine lacteal and salivary secretions.

Findings of IgA in Equine Serum and Secretions

  • The scientists discovered the presence of a particular protein in horse serum and secretions. This protein corresponded with an antiserum developed against human IgA, an antibody that plays a critical role in immune function. However, it did not exhibit a cross-reaction with antisera against other types of human immunoglobulins. This indicates that the protein is quite specific and could be a type of IgA in horses.

Physicochemical Properties of Equine IgA

  • Upon further analysis, the researchers noted that the equine (horse) IgA shares similar physical and chemical properties with human IgA. This similarity creates an important biological connection and can potentially provide insights into shared immune function mechanisms between species.

Role of IgA in Equine Secretions

  • IgA in horses was found to be the primary immunoglobulin in lacteal (milk) and salivary secretions. Its high secretion to serum concentration ratio indicates that this immunoglobulin has possibly an active role in these secretions, possibly providing a primary line of immune defense.

IgA Production in Equine Intestinal Cells

  • Finally, IgA was observed to be the primary protein produced by cells containing immunoglobulin in the horse’s intestinal region. This suggests a significant role of IgA in equine digestive health and immunity, as the intestine is a central site of interaction with potential pathogens.

Cite This Article

APA
Vaerman JP, Querinjean P, Heremans JF. (1971). Studies on the IgA system of the horse. Immunology, 21(3), 443-454.

Publication

Immunology
ISSN: 0019-2805
NlmUniqueID: 0374672
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Pages: 443-454

Researcher Affiliations

Vaerman, J P
    Querinjean, P
      Heremans, J F

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Blood Protein Electrophoresis
        • Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose
        • Chromatography, Gel
        • Cross Reactions
        • Horses / immunology
        • Humans
        • Immune Sera
        • Immunoelectrophoresis
        • Immunoglobulin A / analysis
        • Immunoglobulin G / analysis
        • Immunoglobulin G / metabolism
        • Intestines / immunology
        • Milk / immunology
        • Rabbits
        • Saliva / immunology

        References

        This article includes 46 references
        1. KLIMAN NR, ROCKEY JH, KARUSH F. VALENCE AND AFFINITY OF EQUINE NONPRECIPITATING ANTIBODY TO A HAPTENIC GROUP.. Science 1964 Oct 16;146(3642):401-3.
          pubmed: 14186463doi: 10.1126/science.146.3642.401google scholar: lookup
        2. Crabbé PA, Bazin H, Eyssen H, Heremans JF. The normal microbial flora as a major stimulus for proliferation of plasma cells synthesizing IgA in the gut. The germ-free intestinal tract.. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1968;34(4):362-75.
          pubmed: 4176641doi: 10.1159/000230130google scholar: lookup
        3. Weir RC, Porter RR, Givol D. Comparison of the C-terminal amino-acid sequence of two horse immunoglobulins IgG and IgG(T).. Nature 1966 Oct 8;212(5058):205-6.
          pubmed: 4165950doi: 10.1038/212205a0google scholar: lookup
        4. Porter P, Allen WD. Intestinal IgA in the pig.. Experientia 1970 Jan 15;26(1):90-2.
          pubmed: 4983794doi: 10.1007/BF01900412google scholar: lookup
        5. Raynaud M, Lavergne M, Iscaki S. [Inhibitory action of monovalent 3 S antibody fragments (horse diphtheria antitoxin) on passive hemagglutination].. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1966 Mar;110(3):Suppl:218-36.
          pubmed: 5903398
        6. Pahud JJ, Mach JP. Identification of secretory IgA, free secretory piece and serum IgA in the ovine and caprine species.. Immunochemistry 1970 Aug;7(8):679-86.
          pubmed: 4098899doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(70)90174-6google scholar: lookup
        7. Vaerman JP, Heremans JF. Immunoglobulin A in the pig. I. Preliminary characterization of normal pig serum IgA.. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1970;38(6):561-72.
          pubmed: 4986697doi: 10.1159/000230312google scholar: lookup
        8. Nash DR, Vaerman JP, Bazin H, Heremans JF. Comparative molecular size of mouse IgA in different body fluids.. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1970;37(2):167-74.
          pubmed: 5411245doi: 10.1159/000230230google scholar: lookup
        9. Dorrington KJ, Rockey JH. Studies on the conformation of purified human and canine gamma-A-globulins and equine gamma-T-globulin by optical rotatory dispersion.. J Biol Chem 1968 Dec 25;243(24):6511-9.
          pubmed: 4177919
        10. Bourne FJ. IgA immunoglobulin from porcine serum.. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1969 Jul 7;36(1):138-45.
          pubmed: 4183697doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(69)90660-3google scholar: lookup
        11. Buchowicz I, Goch H, Zakrzewski K. Equine immunoglobulins: a comparison of molecular properties.. Acta Biochim Pol 1969;16(3):279-96.
          pubmed: 4983874
        12. Montgomery PC, Bello AC, Rockey JH. N-Terminal sequences of equine and human immunoglobulin heavy chains.. Biochim Biophys Acta 1970 Feb 17;200(2):258-66.
          pubmed: 4190299doi: 10.1016/0005-2795(70)90169-8google scholar: lookup
        13. VAN DER Scheer J, Wyckoff RW. ELECTROPHORETIC ANALYSES OF HYPERIMMUNE SERA.. Science 1940 May 17;91(2368):485-6.
          pubmed: 17810648doi: 10.1126/science.91.2368.485google scholar: lookup
        14. Lavergne M, Raynaud M, Iscaki S. [Complement fixation and induction of the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction (PCA) by horse gamma G-antitoxins].. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1966 Mar;110(3):Suppl:155-60.
          pubmed: 5903390
        15. Mach JP, Pahud JJ. Secretory IgA, a major immunoglobulin in most bovine external secretions.. J Immunol 1971 Feb;106(2):552-63.
          pubmed: 4100470
        16. Klinman NR, Rockey JH, Frauenberger G, Karush F. Equine anti-hapten antibody. 3. The comparative properties of gamma G- and gammaA-antibodies.. J Immunol 1966 Apr;96(4):587-95.
          pubmed: 5936286
        17. Mancini G, Carbonara AO, Heremans JF. Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion.. Immunochemistry 1965 Sep;2(3):235-54.
          pubmed: 4956917doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(65)90004-2google scholar: lookup
        18. Grey HM, Sher A, Shalitin N. The subunit structure of mouse IgA.. J Immunol 1970 Jul;105(1):75-84.
          pubmed: 5425354
        19. Bistany TS, Tomasi TB Jr. Serum and secretory immunoglobulins of the rat.. Immunochemistry 1970 May;7(5):453-60.
          pubmed: 4097707doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(70)90227-2google scholar: lookup
        20. Crandall RB, Cebra JJ, Crandall CA. The relative proportions of IgG-, IgAand IgM-containing cells in rabbit tissues during experimental trichinosis.. Immunology 1967 Feb;12(2):147-58.
          pubmed: 4164169
        21. Wofsy L, Klinman NR, Karush F. Affinity labeling of equine anti-beta-lactoside antibodies.. Biochemistry 1967 Jul;6(7):1988-91.
          pubmed: 4167435doi: 10.1021/bi00859a016google scholar: lookup
        22. Hill WC, Cebra JJ. Horse anti-SI immunoglobulins. I. Properties of gamma-M-antibody.. Biochemistry 1965 Dec;4(12):2575-84.
          pubmed: 4160295doi: 10.1021/bi00888a005google scholar: lookup
        23. Genco RJ, Karush F, Tenenhouse HS. Equine antihapten antibody. VI. Subunits of polyalanylated gamma-G(T)-immunoglobulin.. Biochemistry 1968 Jul;7(7):2462-8.
          pubmed: 4173393doi: 10.1021/bi00847a003google scholar: lookup
        24. CRABBE PA, CARBONARA AO, HEREMANS JF. THE NORMAL HUMAN INTESTINAL MUCOSA AS A MAJOR SOURCE OF PLASMA CELLS CONTAINING GAMMA-A-IMMUNOGLOBULIN.. Lab Invest 1965 Mar;14:235-48.
          pubmed: 14289438
        25. Vaerman JP, Heremans JF, Van Kerckhoven G. Communications. Identification of IgA in several mammalian species.. J Immunol 1969 Dec;103(6):1421-3.
          pubmed: 5361569
        26. Porter P, Noakes DE, Allen WD. Secretory IgA and antibodies to Escherichia coli in porcine colostrum and milk and their significance in the alimentary tract of the young pig.. Immunology 1970 Feb;18(2):245-57.
          pubmed: 4906627
        27. Vaerman JP, Arbuckle JB, Heremans JF. Immunoglobulin A in the pig. II. Sow's colostral and milk IgA: quantitative studies and molecular size estimation.. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1970;39(2-3):323-33.
          pubmed: 4990557
        28. Nash DR, Vaerman JP, Bazin H, Heremans JF. Identification of IgA in rat serum and secretions.. J Immunol 1969 Jul;103(1):145-8.
          pubmed: 4183705
        29. Stechschulte DJ, Austen KF. Immunoglobulins of rat colostrum.. J Immunol 1970 May;104(5):1052-62.
          pubmed: 4192150
        30. Vaerman JP, Heremans JF. Distribution of various immunoglobulin containing cells in canine lymphoid tissue.. Immunology 1969 Oct;17(4):627-33.
          pubmed: 4187484
        31. Rockey JH. Equine antihapten antibody. The subunits and fragments of anti-beta-lactoside antibody.. J Exp Med 1967 Feb 1;125(2):249-75.
          pubmed: 4959973doi: 10.1084/jem.125.2.249google scholar: lookup
        32. Raynaud M, Iscaki S, Mangalo R. [Chromatographic separation of gamma G and gamma A antidiphtheria horse antitoxins].. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1965 Oct;109(4):525-51.
          pubmed: 5892110
        33. Sardesai SK, Rao SS. Immunoglobulins in hyperimmune horse serum.. Indian J Biochem 1968 Jun;5(2):46-9.
          pubmed: 4183032
        34. Johnson JS, Vaughan JH. Canine immunoglobulins. I. Evidence for six immunoglobulin classes.. J Immunol 1967 May;98(5):923-34.
          pubmed: 4164847
        35. Fateh-Moghadam A, Pichlymayr R, Jarosch von Schweder HW, Knedel M. [Isolation of immunologically active gamma-globulins of a horse-anti-dog lymphocyte serum].. Klin Wochenschr 1967 Jun 1;45(11):578-85.
          pubmed: 4174218doi: 10.1007/BF01719815google scholar: lookup
        36. LAURELL CB. ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY CROSSED ELECTROPHORESIS.. Anal Biochem 1965 Feb;10:358-61.
          pubmed: 14302464doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(65)90278-2google scholar: lookup
        37. ROCKEY JH, KLINMAN NR, KARUSH F. EQUINE ANTIHAPTEN ANTIBODY. I. 7S BETA-2A- AND 1OS GAMMA-1- GLOBULIN COMPONENTS OF PURIFIED ANTI-BETA-LACTOSIDE ANTIBODY.. J Exp Med 1964 Oct 1;120(4):589-609.
          pubmed: 14212122doi: 10.1084/jem.120.4.589google scholar: lookup
        38. Acharya US, Rao SS. Studies on horse antibodies. I. Development of antibody in different fractions of serum during immunization of horse with diphtheria toxoid.. Indian J Biochem 1966 Mar;3(1):33-7.
          pubmed: 4223525
        39. LOWRY OH, ROSEBROUGH NJ, FARR AL, RANDALL RJ. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent.. J Biol Chem 1951 Nov;193(1):265-75.
          pubmed: 14907713
        40. Bienenstock J. Immunoglobulins of the hamster. II. Characterization of the gamma A and other immunoglobulins in serum and secretions.. J Immunol 1970 May;104(5):1228-35.
          pubmed: 4193200
        41. Vaerman JP, Heremans JF. The immunoglobulins of the dog. II. The immunoglobulins of canine secretions.. Immunochemistry 1969 Nov;6(6):779-86.
          pubmed: 4188331doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(69)90284-5google scholar: lookup
        42. Genco RJ, Yecies L, Karush F. The immunoglobulins of equine colostrum and parotid fluid.. J Immunol 1969 Sep;103(3):437-44.
          pubmed: 4979776
        43. HEREMANS JF, VAERMAN JP, VAERMAN C. STUDIES ON THE IMMUNE GLOBULINS OF HUMAN SERUM. II. A STUDY OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF ANTI-BRUCELLA AND ANTI-DIPHTHERIA ANTIBODY ACTIVITIES AMONG GAMMA-SS, GAMMA-IM AND GAMMA-1A-GLOBULIN FRACTIONS.. J Immunol 1963 Jul;91:11-7.
          pubmed: 14061003
        44. FLEISCHMAN JB, PORTER RR, PRESS EM. THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE PEPTIDE CHAINS IN GAMMA-GLOBULIN.. Biochem J 1963 Aug;88(2):220-8.
          pubmed: 14063859doi: 10.1042/bj0880220google scholar: lookup
        45. Ernst ML, Arnon R, Sela M. Cleavage of horse immunoglobulin by cyanogen bromide.. Immunochemistry 1968 Nov;5(6):513-24.
          pubmed: 5702350doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(68)90088-8google scholar: lookup
        46. Audibert F, Sandor G. [Nature of the antitoxin fraction of horse immune serums].. C R Acad Hebd Seances Acad Sci D 1968 Jul 22;267(4):457-8.
          pubmed: 4971202

        Citations

        This article has been cited 11 times.
        1. Krueger K, Marr I, Dobler A, Palme R. Preservation of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites and immunoglobulin A through silica gel drying for field studies in horses. Conserv Physiol 2019;7(1):coz065.
          doi: 10.1093/conphys/coz065pubmed: 31687143google scholar: lookup
        2. Lewis MJ, Wagner B, Irvine RM, Woof JM. IgA in the horse: cloning of equine polymeric Ig receptor and J chain and characterization of recombinant forms of equine IgA. Mucosal Immunol 2010 Nov;3(6):610-21.
          doi: 10.1038/mi.2010.38pubmed: 20631692google scholar: lookup
        3. Morton HC, Pleass RJ, Storset AK, Brandtzaeg P, Woof JM. Cloning and characterization of equine CD89 and identification of the CD89 gene in chimpanzees and rhesus macaques. Immunology 2005 May;115(1):74-84.
          doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2005.02129.xpubmed: 15819699google scholar: lookup
        4. Wagner B, Greiser-Wilke I, Antczak DF. Characterization of the horse (Equus caballus) IGHA gene. Immunogenetics 2003 Nov;55(8):552-60.
          doi: 10.1007/s00251-003-0617-2pubmed: 14564492google scholar: lookup
        5. Comoglio PM, Guglielmone R. Immunohistochemical study of IgA transepithelial transfer into digestive tract secretions in the mouse. Immunology 1973 Jul;25(1):71-80.
          pubmed: 4579117
        6. Allardyce RA, Anderson NF, Vaerman JP, James K. The antigenic and immunosuppressive properties of normal and antilymphocytic equine IgG subfractions. Clin Exp Immunol 1973 Feb;13(2):263-78.
          pubmed: 4120853
        7. McGuire TC, Crawford TB. Identification and quantitation of equine serum and secretory immunoglobulin A. Infect Immun 1972 Oct;6(4):610-5.
          doi: 10.1128/iai.6.4.610-615.1972pubmed: 4117801google scholar: lookup
        8. Allen PZ, Dalton EJ. Studies on equine immunoglobulins. IV. Immunoglobulins of the donkey. Immunology 1975 Jan;28(1):187-97.
          pubmed: 1116869
        9. Rogers HJ. Ferric iron and the antibacterial effects of horse 7S antibodies to Escherichia coli O111. Immunology 1976 Mar;30(3):425-33.
          pubmed: 815177
        10. Targowski SP. Serum immunoglobulin, dermal response, and lymphocyte transformation studies in horses with chronic diarrhea. Infect Immun 1975 Jul;12(1):48-54.
          doi: 10.1128/iai.12.1.48-54.1975pubmed: 806535google scholar: lookup
        11. Buening GM, Perryman LE, McGuire TC. Immunoglobulins and secretory component in the external secretions of foals with combined immunodeficiency. Infect Immun 1978 Feb;19(2):695-8.
          doi: 10.1128/iai.19.2.695-698.1978pubmed: 631895google scholar: lookup
        Subscribe to our newsletter
        Join 99,344 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.