Systemic and colonic venous hemostatic alterations in horses during low-flow ischemia and reperfusion of the large colon.
Abstract: Twenty-four horses were randomly allocated to 3 groups. All horses underwent a ventral midline celiotomy, and the large colon was exteriorized and instrumented. Group-1 horses served as sham-operated controls, group-2 horses underwent 6 hours of colonic ischemia, and group-3 horses were subjected to 3 hours of ischemia and 3 hours of reperfusion. Baseline blood samples were collected, then low-flow colonic ischemia was induced in horses of groups 2 and 3 by reducing colonic arterial blood flow to 20% of baseline. All horses were monitored for 6 hours. Citrated systemic venous (SV) blood samples were collected from the main pulmonary artery, and colonic venous (CV) samples were collected from the colonic vein draining the ventral colon. Samples were collected at 0, and 2, 3, 3.25, 4, and 6 hours for determination of one-stage prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, antithrombin III activity, and fibrinogen concentration. Data were analyzed statistically, using two-way ANOVA for repeated measures, and post-hoc comparisons were made by use of Student Newman Keul's test. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. There were significant decreases in all hemostatic variables by 2 hours in SV and CV samples from horses of all 3 groups, but there were no differences among the 3 groups for any of these variables. These hemostatic alterations could have been secondary to a hypercoagulable state or to fluid therapy-induced hemodilution. Colonic ischemia-reperfusion was not the cause of these alterations because these alterations also were observed in the sham-operated control horses. Significant temporal alterations existed even after accounting for the hemodilution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1995-05-01 PubMed ID: 7661464
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research study investigated the changes in blood coagulation in horses undergoing a surgical procedure that induced temporary lower blood flow (ischemia) to the large colon, and its subsequent reperfusion. It was found that there was a significant decrease in all tested hemostatic variables in blood samples taken from all horses, regardless of whether they underwent the ischemia procedure or not. This suggests that the observed changes in blood coagulation were not caused by the ischemia and reperfusion, but could be due to a hypercoagulable state or the consequences of fluid therapy.
Experiment Design
- The study involved a total of 24 horses that were split into three groups.
- All horses underwent a surgical procedure known as a ventral midline celiotomy, during which the large colon was brought outside the body and monitored.
- The first group of horses acted as controls, undergoing the surgical procedure without any induced ischemia.
- The second group underwent 6 hours of colonic ischemia, where blood flow to the colon was reduced to 20% of its baseline level.
- The final group experienced 3 hours of ischemia, followed by 3 hours of reperfusion, where normal blood flow was restored.
Observations and Findings
- Throughout the 6 hour monitoring period, blood samples were taken from a systemic venous (SV) source (the main pulmonary artery) and a colonic venous (CV) source (the vein draining the ventral colon).
- Various coagulation factors were measured in the samples, including prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, antithrombin III activity, and fibrinogen concentration.
- Statistical analysis revealed significant decreases in these hemostatic variables by 2 hours post-surgery in all groups, including the control group.
- Despite the differing treatments among the groups, no differences in these blood coagulation parameters were found among them.
- This led the researchers to conclude that the alterations were not caused by the colonic ischemia-reperfusion procedure.
- Instead, they suggested that these changes could be due to a tendency towards increased blood clotting (hypercoagulability) or a dilution of the blood caused by fluid therapy.
Cite This Article
APA
Moore RM, Couto CG, Muir WW, Moore BR, Kociba GJ.
(1995).
Systemic and colonic venous hemostatic alterations in horses during low-flow ischemia and reperfusion of the large colon.
Am J Vet Res, 56(5), 664-670.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1089, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Blood Proteins / metabolism
- Colon / blood supply
- Colon / metabolism
- Female
- Hemostasis
- Horses
- Ischemia / physiopathology
- Ischemia / veterinary
- Male
- Random Allocation
- Reperfusion / veterinary
Citations
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