Telemetric analysis of breathing pattern variability in recurrent airway obstruction (heaves)-affected horses.
Abstract: To use noninvasive respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP) to investigate differences in breathing patterns between horses with and without recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) during the onset of airway obstruction induced through confinement to stables. Methods: 12 horses with no history or clinical signs of respiratory disease (control horses) and 7 RAO-affected horses. Methods: The study involved 2 phases. In phase 1, the optimal position of RIP bands for recording pulmonary function was investigated in 12 control horses. In phase 2, 7 RAO-affected and 7 control horses were confined to stables. Respiratory inductance plethysmography bands were applied to horses for 24 h/d to record respiratory rate and total displacement in 4-hour periods for 7 days or until RAO-affected horses developed signs of severe RAO that persisted for 2 consecutive days. Lung function was measured once daily. Results: In phase 1, thoracic and abdominal cavity displacements were best represented by RIP bands positioned at intercostal spaces 6 and 17, respectively. In phase 2, pulmonary function indicated airway obstruction in the RAO-affected group on the final 2 days of stable confinement. Respiratory rate and total degree of respiratory displacement measured by RIP did not differ between the RAO-affected and control groups, but the SDs of these decreased significantly within 8 hours after stable confinement began in RAO-affected horses. Respiratory inductance plethysmography and pulmonary function findings became highly correlated as severity of disease progressed. Conclusions: The decrease in the SDs of RIP measurements indicated a lower degree of variability in breathing patterns of RAO-affected horses. This loss of variability may provide an early indicator of airway inflammation.
Publication Date: 2013-05-31 PubMed ID: 23718662DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.74.6.925Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Animal Health
- Animal Studies
- Clinical Findings
- Clinical Study
- Diagnosis
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Etiology
- Disease Treatment
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Horses
- In Vivo
- Lung Health
- Noninvasive Procedures
- Pathophysiology
- Pulmonary Health
- Recurrent Airway Obstruction
- Respiratory Disease
- Respiratory Health
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
Summary
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This research study examines how the breathing patterns of horses suffering from recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) differ from those of healthy horses, using a noninvasive method called respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP). It suggests that a reduction in variability in breathing patterns may be an early indicator of airway inflammation.
Methods
- The study was carried out in two phases. In the first phase, the researchers sought to establish the best position for RIP bands on 12 horses without respiratory illnesses, in order to record pulmonary function accurately.
- In the second phase, the same 12 horses, along with 7 horses with known RAO, were confined to stables. RIP bands were applied to all horses for 24 hours a day. Over the course of seven days (or until the RAO horses showed sustained signs of severe RAO), the respiratory rate and total displacement of the horses were recorded in four-hour increments. Lung function was also measured daily.
Results
- The first part of the study determined that the most accurate positioning for RIP bands was at intercostal spaces 6 and 17, respectively, for monitoring the thoracic and abdominal cavity displacements.
- In the second phase, it was observed that the horses with RAO showed signs of airway obstruction in the final two days of confinement. Although the respiratory rate and total displacement levels were similar between the RAO and control groups, the standard deviation of these measurements decreased significantly for the RAO horses within the first 8 hours of confinement. As the disease progressed, the correlation between RIP and pulmonary function measurements increased.
Conclusions
- The results suggest that a decrease in the variability of RIP measurements corresponds to a reduction in the variability of breathing patterns in horses with RAO. This could potentially be used as an early indication of airway inflammation and the onset of an RAO episode in horses. As such, noninvasive methods like the use of RIP bands could be crucial for early detection and management of respiratory disease in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Behan AL, Hauptman JG, Robinson NE.
(2013).
Telemetric analysis of breathing pattern variability in recurrent airway obstruction (heaves)-affected horses.
Am J Vet Res, 74(6), 925-933.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.74.6.925 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Female
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive / diagnosis
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive / pathology
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive / veterinary
- Male
- Respiration
- Respiratory Physiological Phenomena
- Telemetry / instrumentation
- Telemetry / methods
- Telemetry / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Wilson ME, McCandless EE, Olszewski MA, Robinson NE. Alveolar macrophage phenotypes in severe equine asthma.. Vet J 2020 Feb;256:105436.
- Burnheim K, Hughes KJ, Evans DL, Raidal SL. Reliability of breath by breath spirometry and relative flow-time indices for pulmonary function testing in horses.. BMC Vet Res 2016 Nov 28;12(1):268.
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