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The cardiopulmonary effects of dobutamine and norepinephrine in isoflurane-anesthetized foals.
Abstract: To evaluate the cardiovascular effects of norepinephrine (NE) and dobutamine (DB) in isoflurane-anesthetized foals. Methods: Prospective laboratory study. Methods: Norepinephrine (0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.40 microg kg(-1) minute(-1)) and dobutamine (2.5, 5.0, and 10 microg kg(-1) minute(-1)) were alternately administered to seven healthy, 1- to 2-week-old isoflurane-anesthetized foals. Arterial and pulmonary arterial blood pressure, right atrial pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, heart rate, body temperature, cardiac output, arterial and mixed venous blood pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, partial pressure of oxygen [arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO(2)) and mixed venous partial pressure of oxygen (PvO(2))], and packed cell volume were measured. Standard base excess, bicarbonate concentration, systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance, cardiac index (CI), stroke volume, left and right stroke work indices, oxygen delivery (DO(2)), consumption, and extraction were calculated. Results Norepinephrine infusion resulted in significant increases in arterial and pulmonary arterial pressure, systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance indices, and PaO(2); heart rate was decreased. Dobutamine infusion resulted in significant increases in heart rate, stroke volume index, CI, and arterial and pulmonary arterial blood pressure. Systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance indices were decreased while the ventricular stroke work indices increased. The PaO(2) decreased while DO(2) and oxygen consumption increased. Oxygen extraction decreased and PvO(2) increased. Conclusions: Norepinephrine primarily augments arterial blood pressure while decreasing CI. Dobutamine primarily augments CI with only modest increases in arterial blood pressure. Both NE and DB could be useful in the hemodynamic management of anesthetized foals.
Publication Date: 2007-08-13 PubMed ID: 17696976DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2006.00304.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The study explores the cardiovascular effects of norepinephrine and dobutamine on foals anesthetized with isoflurane. It concludes that norepinephrine majorly enhances arterial blood pressure while lowering cardiac output, whereas Dobutamine mainly boosts cardiac output with minor increases in arterial blood pressure, hence could be advantageous in managing anesthetized foals’ hemodynamic states.
Research Methodology
- They conducted a prospective laboratory study involving seven healthy, 1- to 2-week-old foals subjected to isoflurane anesthesia.
- Both norepinephrine (at varying quantities of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.40 micrograms per kilogram per minute) and dobutamine (at 2.5, 5.0, and 10 micrograms per kg per minute) were alternately administered on these foals.
- The research measured several parameters including arterial and pulmonary arterial blood pressure, right atrial pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, heart rate, body temperature, cardiac output, among other parameters. They also calculated standard base excess, bicarbonate concentration, systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance, among others.
Findings of the Research
- The infusion of norepinephrine in the foals resulted in significant increases in arterial and pulmonary arterial pressure, systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance indices, and PaO(2). Conversely, their heart rate decreased.
- The dobutamine infusion also contributed to significant increases in the heart rate, stroke volume index, CI, and arterial and pulmonary arterial blood pressure of the foals.
- Interestingly, the systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance indices decreased on dobutamine’s administration while the ventricular stroke work indices went up.
- Furthermore, the infusion of dobutamine led to an increase in oxygen delivery and consumption but a decrease in oxygen extraction, while the PvO(2) went up.
Conclusions
- Norepinephrine majorly boosts arterial blood pressure while it brings down the cardiac index.
- Dobutamine on the other hand primarily enhances the cardiac index with only slight increases in the arterial blood pressure.
- Both norepinephrine and dobutamine might prove beneficial in the hemodynamic management of anesthetized foals.
Cite This Article
APA
Craig CA, Haskins SC, Hildebrand SV.
(2007).
The cardiopulmonary effects of dobutamine and norepinephrine in isoflurane-anesthetized foals.
Vet Anaesth Analg, 34(6), 377-387.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.2006.00304.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / administration & dosage
- Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / pharmacology
- Adrenergic beta-Agonists / administration & dosage
- Adrenergic beta-Agonists / pharmacology
- Anesthesia / veterinary
- Anesthetics, Inhalation / administration & dosage
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn / physiology
- Blood Pressure / drug effects
- Carbon Dioxide / blood
- Cardiac Output / drug effects
- Dobutamine / administration & dosage
- Dobutamine / pharmacology
- Female
- Horses / physiology
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Infusions, Intravenous / veterinary
- Isoflurane / administration & dosage
- Male
- Norepinephrine / administration & dosage
- Norepinephrine / pharmacology
- Oxygen / blood
- Prospective Studies
- Pulmonary Wedge Pressure / drug effects
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Ryan A, Gurney M, Steinbacher R. Suspected vagal reflex and hyperkalaemia inducing asystole in an anaesthetised horse. Equine Vet J 2022 Sep;54(5):927-933.
- Valverde A. Fluid Resuscitation for Refractory Hypotension. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:621696.
- Croteau E, Renaud JM, Archer C, Klein R, DaSilva JN, Ruddy TD, Beanlands RS, deKemp RA. β2-adrenergic stress evaluation of coronary endothelial-dependent vasodilator function in mice using (11)C-acetate micro-PET imaging of myocardial blood flow and oxidative metabolism. EJNMMI Res 2014 Dec;4(1):68.
- Mielgo V, Valls i Soler A, Rey-Santano C. Dobutamine in paediatric population: a systematic review in juvenile animal models. PLoS One 2014;9(4):e95644.
- Pequito M, Amory H, de Moffarts B, Busoni V, Serteyn D, Sandersen C. Evaluation of acepromazine-induced hemodynamic alterations and reversal with norepinephrine infusion in standing horses. Can Vet J 2013 Feb;54(2):150-6.
- Gorenberg EB, Slack J, Stefanovski D, Theiss D, Hopster K. Dobutamine improves haemodynamics and oxygen delivery in standing and isoflurane-anaesthetised horses. Equine Vet J 2025 Nov;57(6):1677-1689.
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