The challenge of assessing dental pain in horses.
Abstract: No abstract available
Publication Date: 2025-01-31 PubMed ID: 39887396DOI: 10.1002/vetr.5188Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Cite This Article
APA
Kennedy RS.
(2025).
The challenge of assessing dental pain in horses.
Vet Rec, 196(3), 111-113.
https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.5188 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Midlothian, UK.
References
This article includes 28 references
- Brigham EJ, Duncanson GR. An equine postmortem dental study: 50 cases. Equine Vet Educ 2000;12:59–62.
- Dixon PM, Dacre I. A review of equine dental disorders. Vet J 2005;169:165–87.
- Baker GJ. Some aspects of equine dental disease. Equine Vet J 1970;2:105–10.
- Wafa NS. A study of dental disease in the horse [master's thesis]. University College Dublin; 1988.
- Kirkland KD, Maretta SM, Inoue OJ. Survey of equine dental disease and associated oral pathology. Proceedings of the 40th Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners Vancouver: 4–7 December 1994;119–20.
- Ireland JL, McGowan CM, Clegg PD. A survey of health care and disease in geriatric horses aged 30 years or older. Vet J 2012;192:57–64.
- Dixon PM, Andrew R, Brannon H. Survey of the provision of prophylactic dental care for horses in Great Britain and Ireland between 1999 and 2002. Vet Rec 2004;155:693–8.
- Mata F, Johnson C, Bisho C. A cross-sectional epidemiological study of prevalence and severity of bit-induced oral trauma in polo ponies and race horses. J Appl Anim Welf Sci 2015;18:259–68.
- Tuomola K, Mäki-Kihniä N, Kujala-Wirth M. Oral lesions in the bit area in Finnish trotters after a race: lesion evaluation, scoring and occurrence. Front Vet Sci 2019.
- Weary DM, Niel L, Flower FC. Identifying and preventing pain in animals. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2006;100:64–76.
- Ireland JL, McGowan CM, Clegg PD. Comparison of owner-reported health problems with veterinary assessment of geriatric horses in the United Kingdom. Equine Vet J 2012;44:94–100.
- Dixon PM, Tremaine WH, Pickles K. Equine dental disease part 1: a long-term study of 400 cases: disorders of incisor, canine and first premolar teeth. Equine Vet J 1999;31:369–77.
- Taylor L, Dixon PM. Equine idiopathic cheek teeth fractures part 2: a practice-based survey of 147 affected horses in Britain and Ireland. Equine Vet J 2007;39:322–6.
- Pehkonen J, Karma L, Raekallio M. Behavioral signs associated with equine periapical infection in cheek teeth. J Equine Vet Sci 2019;77:144–50.
- Rainbow W. Behavioural and physical changes in equine patients after complete extraction of all incisors due to equine odontoclastic tooth resorption with hypercementosis. Equine Vet Educ 2024;36:240–4.
- Dixon PM, Barakzai S, Collins N. Treatment of equine cheek teeth by mechanical widening of diastemata in 60 horses (2000–2006). Equine Vet J 2008;40:22–8.
- Laukkanen T, Karma L, Virtala A. Behavioral signs associated with equine cheek tooth findings. J Equine Vet Sci 2023.
- Ferlini Agne G, May BE, Lovett A. Horse grimace scale does not detect pain in horses with equine gastric ulcer syndrome. Animals 2023.
- Sellon DC, Sanz M, Kopper JJ. Pain severity scores for common equine disorders as provided by horse owners and equine veterinarians. Equine Vet J 2022;54:1094–102.
- Williams AC. Facial expression of pain: an evolutionary account. Behav Brain Sci 2002;25:439–55.
- Gleerup KB, Forkman B, Lindegaard C. An equine pain face. Vet Anaesth Analg 2015;42:103–14.
- Lanci A, Benedetti B, Freccero F. Development of a composite pain scale in foals: a pilot study. Animals 2022.
- Coneglian MM, Borges TD, Weber SH. Use of the horse grimace scale to identify and quantify pain due to dental disorders in horses. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2020.
- Sidwell A, Duz M, Hill B. Application of the horse grimace scale in horses with dental disease: preliminary findings. Vet Rec 2025.
- Dai F, Leach M, MacRae AM. Does thirty-minute standardised training improve the inter-observer reliability of the horse grimace scale (HGS)? A case study. Animals 2020.
- Dalla Costa E, Stucke D, Dai F. Using the horse grimace scale (HGS) to assess pain associated with acute laminitis in horses (Equus caballus). Animals 2016.
- Della Rocca G, Di Salvo A, Marenzoni AL. Development, preliminary validation, and refinement of the composite oral and maxillofacial pain scale-canine/feline (COPS-C/F). Front Vet Sci 2019.
- Van Loon JPAM, Van Dierendonck MC. Monitoring equine head-related pain with the equine Utrecht University scale for facial assessment of pain (EQUUS-FAP). Vet J 2017;220:88–90.
Citations
This article has been cited 0 times.Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists