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Veterinary clinical pathology2022; 51(1); 84-92; doi: 10.1111/vcp.13042

The effect of natural infection with different Leptospira interrogans serovars on oxidative stress biomarkers and acute-phase responses in horses and cattle.

Abstract: Leptospirosis is one of the important zoonotic bacterial diseases with a worldwide distribution that is often subclinical. We aimed to investigate the oxidant/antioxidant balance and acute-phase response in naturally infected horses and cattle with Leptospira interrogans. A total of 600 serum samples from horses and cattle were examined for L. interrogans antibodies using the microscopic agglutination test to determine anti-Leptospira IgG antibodies against a panel of eight important Leptospira antigens in Iran. Then, serum total antioxidant capacity, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde activities, and nitric oxide, total protein, serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and albumin concentrations were measured in seropositive and seronegative samples. Serum catalase activities and malondialdehyde, serum amyloid A, and haptoglobin ‌concentrations in seropositive cattle and horses were significantly higher (P < .05) than in those that were seronegative. Antibody titers increased from 1:100 to 1:200 in cattle with L. interrogans infection, resulting in a decrease in the serum total antioxidant capacity (P < .05), an increase in serum glutathione peroxidase (P < .01) activity and nitric oxide (P < .05) , serum amyloid A (P < .01), and haptoglobin (P < .05) concentrations. Following the increase in the agglutinating antibody titers in horses infected with L. interrogans, the serum total antioxidant capacity (P < .01) decreased, and serum nitric oxide (P < .05), malondialdehyde (P < .05), and serum amyloid A (P < .01) concentrations were increased. In this study, horses and cattle had extensive changes in oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium and acute-phase protein concentrations when infected with L. interrogans. We also demonstrated a direct link between antibody titers and the type of leptospiral serovar using serum oxidative and inflammatory markers.
© 2022 American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology.
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Publication Date: 2022-02-18 PubMed ID: 35179227DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13042Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research article abstract reviews the effect of natural infection with different serovars of Leptospira interrogans, a zoonotic bacterium, on oxidative stress biomarkers and acute-phase responses in horses and cattle. The study concludes that there is a significant change in oxidative and inflammatory markers and the oxidant/antioxidant balance based on the antibody titers and the type of leptospiral serovar involved.

Research Methodology

  • A total of 600 serum samples were collected from horses and cattle for the study.
  • The serum samples were tested for antibodies against L. interrogans using a microscopic agglutination test.
  • This test was used to determine the presence of anti-Leptospira IgG antibodies against eight significant Leptospira antigens.

Measurement of Oxidative Biomarkers and Acute-Phase Responses

  • The research conducted further examinations on seropositive and seronegative samples for various parameters. These include total antioxidant capacity, activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde, and concentrations of nitric oxide, total protein, albumin, serum amyloid A, and haptoglobin.

Results and Conclusions

  • The study found that catalase activities and concentrations of malondialdehyde, serum amyloid A, and haptoglobin in seropositive cattle and horses were significantly higher than in those that were seronegative.
  • The results also showed a direct association between antibody titers and the nature of leptospiral serovar, with some leading to increases in serum glutathione peroxidase activity and concentrations of nitric oxide, serum amyloid A, and haptoglobin in cattle. In horses, similar increases were recorded along with an increase in malondialdehyde concentrations.
  • Compared to the seronegative samples, the seropositive ones displayed an elevated oxidative stress and inflammation response, indicating a disturbance in the balance of oxidants and antioxidants in the animal’s body when infected by L. interrogans.
  • In summary, the research concluded that horses and cattle undergo extensive changes in their oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium and acute-phase protein concentrations when infected with L. interrogans. This establishes a direct link between antibody titers and the type of leptospiral serovar based on the serum oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.

Cite This Article

APA
Niroomandi E, Maleki S, Abdollahpour G, Zakian A, Ahmadvand H. (2022). The effect of natural infection with different Leptospira interrogans serovars on oxidative stress biomarkers and acute-phase responses in horses and cattle. Vet Clin Pathol, 51(1), 84-92. https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13042

Publication

Veterinary clinical pathology
ISSN: 1939-165X
NlmUniqueID: 9880575
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 51
Issue: 1
Pages: 84-92

Researcher Affiliations

Niroomandi, Ehsan
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
Maleki, Shahram
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
Abdollahpour, Gholamreza
  • Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Zakian, Amir
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
Ahmadvand, Hasan
  • Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.

MeSH Terms

  • Acute-Phase Reaction / veterinary
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Bacterial
  • Biomarkers
  • Cattle
  • Cattle Diseases / microbiology
  • Horse Diseases
  • Horses
  • Leptospira interrogans
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Serogroup

Grant Funding

  • LU-9211501038-2020 / Lorestan University

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
  1. Pires BC, Dos Santos JBF, de Almeida Ferreira Dos Santos JP, Silva DM, Dos Reis TFM, Cuccato LP, Ciuffa AZ, Rezende LM, Ribeiro RAC, Lima AMC. Occurrence of serological reactions for Leptospira spp. in donkeys and mules from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023 Jul 3;55(4):258.
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  2. Jakobsen N, Weber NR, Larsen I, Pedersen KS. Diagnostic utility of acute phase proteins and their ability to guide antibiotic usage in pigs, horses, and cattle: a mapping review. Acta Vet Scand 2024 Sep 5;66(1):45.
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  3. El-Sayed A, Refaai M, Ateya A. Doppler ultrasonographic scan, gene expression and serum profile of immune, APPs and antioxidant markers in Egyptian buffalo-cows with clinical endometritis. Sci Rep 2024 Mar 8;14(1):5698.
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  4. Huete SG, Benaroudj N. The Arsenal of Leptospira Species against Oxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023 Jun 14;12(6).
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