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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Anaesth Analg / The effects of lactated Ringer’s solution (LRS) or LRS...
Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia2011; 38(4); 336-343; doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00622.x

The effects of lactated Ringer’s solution (LRS) or LRS and 6% hetastarch on the colloid osmotic pressure, total protein and osmolality in healthy horses under general anesthesia.

Abstract: To investigate changes in colloid osmotic pressure (COP), total protein (TP) and osmolality (OSM) during anesthesia in horses given intravenous lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) or LRS and hetastarch (HES). Methods: Prospective, clinical trial. Methods: Fourteen horses presented for surgery. Mean age 8.3 ± 1.9 years; mean weight 452 ± 25 kg. Methods: Horses were premedicated with xylazine intravenously (IV); anesthesia was induced with ketamine and diazepam IV, and maintained with sevoflurane. Butorphanol was administered IV with pre-medications or immediately after induction. Xylazine was administered IV for recovery if necessary. LRS was administered IV to all horses with a target rate of 5-10 mL kg(-1) hour(-1). Half of the horses also received 6% HES, 2.5 mL kg(-1) over 1 hour in addition to LRS. Horses that received LRS only were considered the LRS group. Horses that received both LRS and HES were considered the LRS/HES group. Blood was drawn pre- and post-anesthesia, immediately following induction, and every 30 minutes throughout anesthesia. COP, TP and OSM were measured. Results: COP and TP significantly decreased at similar rates for both treatment groups from pre-anesthetic values. Pre-anesthetic COP was significantly greater in the LRS group when compared to the LRS/HES group pre-, post- and throughout anesthesia. In the LRS group post-anesthetic OSM was significantly different than the pre-anesthesia value and that for the LRS/HES group. Conclusions: Administration of IV HES (2.5 mL kg(-1), over 1 hour) in combination with LRS does not attenuate the decrease in COP typically seen during anesthesia with crystalloid administration alone. Based on these results, administration of HES at this rate and total volume would not be expected to prevent fluid shifts into the interstitium through its effects on COP.
© 2011 The Authors. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia. © 2011 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and the American College of Veterinary Anesthesiologists.
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Publication Date: 2011-06-01 PubMed ID: 21627758PubMed Central: PMC3307133DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00622.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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  • Controlled Clinical Trial
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • N.I.H.
  • Extramural
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

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The study investigates the impact of using lactated Ringer’s solution, alone or in combination with hetastarch, on the colloid osmotic pressure, total protein, and osmolality in horse anesthesia.

Research Methodology

  • The study made use of a prospective clinical trial involving 14 horses subjected to surgery. The horses had an average age and weight of 8.3 years and 452 kg, respectively.
  • These horses were premedicated with xylazine intravenously (IV). The anesthesia was induced with ketamine and diazepam IV and maintained with sevoflurane. Butorphanol was also administered IV.
  • All these horses were given IV lactated Ringer’s solution (LRS) with a target rate of 5-10 mL kg(-1) hour(-1). Half of the horses also received a 6% hetastarch (HES) solution in addition to LRS. The two different groups of horses were named the LRS group and the LRS/HES group.
  • Blood was collected from the horses before and after anesthesia, immediately after induction, and every 30 minutes during the anesthesia process. The research measured colloid osmotic pressure (COP), total protein (TP), and osmolality (OSM).

Research Findings

  • Both the LRS and LRS/HES groups experienced significant decreases in COP and TP at similar rates from their pre-anesthesia values.
  • It was also found that the pre-anesthesia COP in the LRS group was significantly greater than that in the LRS/HES group during pre, post, and throughout anesthesia.
  • The LRS group also experienced significant changes in post-anesthetic OSM when compared to their pre-anesthesia value and the LRS/HES group’s value.

Research Conclusions

  • The study concluded that administering IV HES in combination with LRS does not lessen the typically seen COP decrease in anesthesia using only a crystalloid solution.
  • It also posited that the administration of HES does not prevent fluid shifts into the interstitium through its effects on COP based on the results, thus indicating that its rate and total volume would not prevent such shifts.

Cite This Article

APA
Wendt-Hornickle EL, Snyder LB, Tang R, Johnson RA. (2011). The effects of lactated Ringer’s solution (LRS) or LRS and 6% hetastarch on the colloid osmotic pressure, total protein and osmolality in healthy horses under general anesthesia. Vet Anaesth Analg, 38(4), 336-343. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00622.x

Publication

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia
ISSN: 1467-2995
NlmUniqueID: 100956422
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 38
Issue: 4
Pages: 336-343

Researcher Affiliations

Wendt-Hornickle, Erin L
  • Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA. elwendt@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu
Snyder, Lindsey B C
    Tang, Rui
      Johnson, Rebecca A

        MeSH Terms

        • Anesthesia, General / veterinary
        • Animals
        • Blood Physiological Phenomena / drug effects
        • Blood Proteins / analysis
        • Blood Proteins / drug effects
        • Colloids
        • Drug Administration Schedule / veterinary
        • Horses
        • Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / administration & dosage
        • Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / pharmacology
        • Infusions, Intravenous / veterinary
        • Isotonic Solutions / administration & dosage
        • Isotonic Solutions / pharmacology
        • Osmolar Concentration
        • Osmotic Pressure / drug effects
        • Prospective Studies
        • Ringer's Lactate

        Grant Funding

        • UL1 RR025011 / NCRR NIH HHS
        • UL1 RR025011-04 / NCRR NIH HHS
        • UL1 RR025011-05 / NCRR NIH HHS
        • 1UL1RR025011 / NCRR NIH HHS

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        Citations

        This article has been cited 2 times.
        1. Crabtree NE, Epstein KL. Current Concepts in Fluid Therapy in Horses. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:648774.
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        2. Gomez DE, Kopper JJ, Byrne DP, Renaud DL, Schoster A, Dunkel B, Arroyo LG, Mykkanen A, Gilsenan WF, Pihl TH, Lopez-Navarro G, Tennent-Brown BS, Hostnik LD, Mora-Pereira M, Marques F, Gold JR, DeNotta SL, Desjardins I, Stewart AJ, Kuroda T, Schaefer E, Oliver-Espinosa OJ, Agne GF, Uberti B, Veiras P, Delph Miller KM, Gialleti R, John E, Toribio RE. Treatment approaches to horses with acute diarrhea admitted to referral institutions: A multicenter retrospective study. PLoS One 2024;19(11):e0313783.
          doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313783pubmed: 39565809google scholar: lookup
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