The enhancement of the immune response against S. equi antigens through the intranasal administration of poly-epsilon-caprolactone-based nanoparticles.
Abstract: Strangles is a bacterial infection of the Equidae family that affects the nasopharynx and draining lymph nodes, caused by Streptococcus equi subspecies equi. This agent is responsible for 30% of all worldwide equine infections and is quite sensitive to penicillin and other antibiotics. However, prevention is still the best option because the current antibiotic therapy and vaccination is often ineffective. As S. equi induces very strong systemic and mucosal responses in convalescent horses, an effective and economic strangles vaccine is still a priority. In this study the humoral, cellular and mucosal immune responses to S. equi antigens encapsulated or adsorbed onto poly-epsilon-caprolactone nanospheres were evaluated in mice. Particles were produced by a double (w/o/w) emulsion solvent evaporation technique and contained mucoadhesive polymers (alginate or chitosan) and absorption enhancers (spermine, oleic acid). Their intranasal administration, particularly those constituted by the mucoadhesive polymers, increased the immunogenicity and mucosal immune responses (SIgA) to the antigen. The inclusion of cholera toxin B subunit in the formulations successfully further activated the paths leading to Th1 and Th2 cells. Therefore, those PCL nanospheres are potential carriers for the delivery of S.equi antigens to protect animals against strangles.
Publication Date: 2008-11-22 PubMed ID: 19027152DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.10.035Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research investigates the effectiveness of using poly-epsilon-caprolactone nanospheres to enhance the immune response against S. equi antigens in mice. The specific delivery approach tested was intranasal administration, with the aim of improving protection against the bacterium that causes a common equine infection known as strangles.
Context and Background
- The study revolves around strangles – a highly infectious disease affecting horses, caused by the bacterium Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (S. equi). Despite the bacteria’s sensitivity to penicillin and other antibiotics, the study points out the effectiveness of current antibiotic therapy and vaccinated measures are often insufficient. Therefore, the development of a more effective strangles vaccine remains a priority.
Research Methodology
- The research explores the immune responses to S. equi antigens when encapsulated or adsorbed onto poly-epsilon-caprolactone nanospheres (PCL), administered intranasally to mice. This novel approach aims to increase the animal’s immunity against the disease.
- The PCL nanospheres were produced using a double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. This approach was chosen due to its potential for improving the immunogenicity and the mucosal immune responses (SIgA) to the antigen.
- Two types of mucoadhesive polymers, alginate or chitosan, were used in the particles, along with absorption enhancers such as spermine and oleic acid.
- Inclusion of cholera toxin B subunit in the formulations was practiced to activate the paths leading to Th1 and Th2 cells, a crucial component in cell-mediated immune response.
Findings and Conclusion
- The results demonstrated that the intranasal administration of PCL nanospheres, particularly those that included mucoadhesive polymers, increased the immunogenicity and the mucosal immune response to the S. equi antigen.
- The study concluded that the PCL nanospheres are promising carriers for the delivery of S.equi antigens. This could enhance the immune response and potentially provide a new mechanism for protecting animals against strangles.
Cite This Article
APA
Florindo HF, Pandit S, Lacerda L, Gonçalves LM, Alpar HO, Almeida AJ.
(2008).
The enhancement of the immune response against S. equi antigens through the intranasal administration of poly-epsilon-caprolactone-based nanoparticles.
Biomaterials, 30(5), 879-891.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.10.035 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- iMED, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
MeSH Terms
- Adjuvants, Immunologic / administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic / pharmacology
- Administration, Intranasal
- Animals
- Antigens, Bacterial / immunology
- Female
- Immunity, Mucosal / drug effects
- Immunity, Mucosal / immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Nanoparticles / administration & dosage
- Polyesters / chemistry
- Polymers
- Streptococcus equi / immunology
Citations
This article has been cited 14 times.- Carnet F, Perrin-Cocon L, Paillot R, Lotteau V, Pronost S, Vidalain PO. An inventory of adjuvants used for vaccination in horses: the past, the present and the future.. Vet Res 2023 Mar 2;54(1):18.
- Mehrabi MR, Soltani M, Chiani M, Raahemifar K, Farhangi A. Nanomedicine: New Frontiers in Fighting Microbial Infections.. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023 Jan 25;13(3).
- Bose RJ, Kim M, Chang JH, Paulmurugan R, Moon JJ, Koh WG, Lee SH, Park H. Biodegradable polymers for modern vaccine development.. J Ind Eng Chem 2019 Sep 25;77:12-24.
- Youssef FS, El-Banna HA, Elzorba HY, Galal AM. Application of some nanoparticles in the field of veterinary medicine.. Int J Vet Sci Med 2019;7(1):78-93.
- Singh MS, Bhaskar S. Nanocarrier-based immunotherapy in cancer management and research.. Immunotargets Ther 2014;3:121-34.
- Caetano LA, Almeida AJ, Gonçalves LM. Effect of Experimental Parameters on Alginate/Chitosan Microparticles for BCG Encapsulation.. Mar Drugs 2016 May 11;14(5).
- Miladi K, Ibraheem D, Iqbal M, Sfar S, Fessi H, Elaissari A. Particles from preformed polymers as carriers for drug delivery.. EXCLI J 2014;13:28-57.
- Wang S, Liu H, Zhang X, Qian F. Intranasal and oral vaccination with protein-based antigens: advantages, challenges and formulation strategies.. Protein Cell 2015 Jul;6(7):480-503.
- Conniot J, Silva JM, Fernandes JG, Silva LC, Gaspar R, Brocchini S, Florindo HF, Barata TS. Cancer immunotherapy: nanodelivery approaches for immune cell targeting and tracking.. Front Chem 2014;2:105.
- Zhu X, Radovic-Moreno AF, Wu J, Langer R, Shi J. Nanomedicine in the Management of Microbial Infection - Overview and Perspectives.. Nano Today 2014 Aug 1;9(4):478-498.
- De Souza Rebouças J, Esparza I, Ferrer M, Sanz ML, Irache JM, Gamazo C. Nanoparticulate adjuvants and delivery systems for allergen immunotherapy.. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012;2012:474605.
- Domm W, Brooks L, Chung HL, Feng C, Bowers WJ, Watson G, McGrath JL, Dewhurst S. Robust antigen-specific humoral immune responses to sublingually delivered adenoviral vectors encoding HIV-1 Env: association with mucoadhesion and efficient penetration of the sublingual barrier.. Vaccine 2011 Sep 16;29(40):7080-9.
- Oyewumi MO, Kumar A, Cui Z. Nano-microparticles as immune adjuvants: correlating particle sizes and the resultant immune responses.. Expert Rev Vaccines 2010 Sep;9(9):1095-107.
- Guss B, Flock M, Frykberg L, Waller AS, Robinson C, Smith KC, Flock JI. Getting to grips with strangles: an effective multi-component recombinant vaccine for the protection of horses from Streptococcus equi infection.. PLoS Pathog 2009 Sep;5(9):e1000584.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
