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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / The fecal bacterial microbiota of healthy and sick newborn f...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2022; 37(1); 315-322; doi: 10.1111/jvim.16596

The fecal bacterial microbiota of healthy and sick newborn foals.

Abstract: The fecal bacterial microbiota of normal foals and foals with enterocolitis has been characterized using next-generation sequencing technology; however, there are no reports investigating the gut microbiota in foals hospitalized for other perinatal diseases. Objective: To describe and compare the fecal bacterial microbiota in healthy and sick foals using next-generation sequencing techniques. Methods: Hospitalized (17) and healthy foals (21). Methods: Case-control study. Fecal samples were collected from healthy and sick foals on admission. Sick foals were further divided into sick nonseptic (SNS, n = 9) and septic (n = 8) foals. After extraction of DNA, the V4 region of the 16 S rRNA gene was amplified using a PCR assay, and the final product was sequenced with an Illumina MiSeq. Results: Diversity was significantly lower in healthy than sick foals (P  .05). Bacterial membership (AMOVA, P = .06) and structure (AMOVA, P = .33) were not different between healthy and sick foals. Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus were among the 5 more abundant taxa identified in both groups. Conclusions: Higher fecal microbiota diversity in sick than healthy foals might suggest a high exposure to environmental microorganisms or an unstable colonic microbiota. The presence of microorganisms causing bacteremia in foals in a high relative abundance in the feces of foals suggests the intestine might play an essential role in the causation of bacteremia in foals.
© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2022-12-14 PubMed ID: 36519210PubMed Central: PMC9889700DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16596Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the differences in fecal bacterial microbiota between healthy and sick newborn foals with the help of next-generation sequencing techniques. It concludes that the diversity of fecal microbiota is significantly higher in sick foals, indicative of increased exposure to environmental microorganisms or unstable colonic microbiota.

Objectives and Methods of the Study

  • The goal of this research was to characterize and compare the fecal bacterial microbiota in healthy and ill foals using next-generation sequencing techniques. Prior research has explored this in relation to enterocolitis, but not for other perinatal diseases in hospitalized foals.
  • The method involved a case-control study where fecal samples were collected from both healthy and ill foals upon their admission to the hospital.
  • Ill foals were further subdivided into Non-Septic (SNS) and septic categories.
  • DNA was extracted from these samples and then a particular region of the 16 S rRNA gene was amplified via PCR assay for sequencing with Illumina MiSeq.

Findings of the Research

  • The research found that the diversity of fecal microbiota was significantly lower in healthy foals when compared to sick foals. The latter might be a result of a high exposure to environmental microbes or an unstable colonic microbiota.
  • Despite the varying health statuses, the bacterial membership and structure of the fecal microbiota in healthy, septic, and SNS foals were found to be similar.
  • Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus were identified among the five most abundant taxa in both healthy and sick foals.
  • The bacterial membership and structure did not significantly differ between healthy and sick foals.

Conclusions Derived from the Research

  • The finding of high microbial diversity in sick foals suggests that these foals have been exposed to more environmental microorganisms or that they have an unstable colonic microbiota.
  • The abundance of disease-causing microorganisms in the feces of sick foals points towards the possibility that the intestine plays a key role in causing bacteremia in foals.

Cite This Article

APA
Gomez DE, Wong D, MacNicol J, Dembek K. (2022). The fecal bacterial microbiota of healthy and sick newborn foals. J Vet Intern Med, 37(1), 315-322. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16596

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 37
Issue: 1
Pages: 315-322

Researcher Affiliations

Gomez, Diego E
  • Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Wong, David
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.
MacNicol, Jennifer
  • Department of Animal Biosciences, Ontario Agriculture College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Dembek, Katarzyna
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Pregnancy
  • Female
  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Feces / microbiology
  • Microbiota
  • Bacteria / genetics
  • Horse Diseases
  • Bacteremia / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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