FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Virus Genes / The genome of equine herpesvirus type 2 harbors an interleuk...
Virus genes1993; 7(1); 111-116; doi: 10.1007/BF01702353

The genome of equine herpesvirus type 2 harbors an interleukin 10 (IL10)-like gene.

Abstract: A gene was identified within the DNA sequences of the EcoRI DNA fragment N (4.3 kbp) of the genome of equine herpesvirus type 2 (EHV-2) coding for a protein (179 amino acid residues) homologous to the cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF; interleukin 10) of the human and mouse, and to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) protein BCRF1. This finding is further significant evidence that the interleukin 10 (IL-10) and/or IL-10-like gene can indeed be present in the genomes of members of the herpesviral family.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 1993-02-01 PubMed ID: 8385838DOI: 10.1007/BF01702353Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study identified an interleukin 10-like gene in the genome of equine herpesvirus type 2, thus providing further evidence of IL-10 or IL-10-like gene presence in herpesviruses.

Identification of the IL-10-like gene

  • The research focuses on a gene found in the EcoRI DNA fragment N (4.3 kbp) of equine herpesvirus type 2 (EHV-2).
  • This gene codes for a protein with 179 amino acid residues.
  • The protein is homologous, i.e., similar in sequence, origin, and structure, to the cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), also known as interleukin 10 (IL-10), found in humans and mice.
  • The protein also shows homology to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) protein BCRF1.

Significance of the IL-10-like gene in Herpesviruses

  • The discovery of this IL-10-like gene in the genome of the equine herpesvirus type 2 is significant as it is further proof that the herpesviral family of viruses does indeed contain IL-10 or IL-10-like genes.
  • Upon comparing the identified gene to the corresponding genes in other organisms, the researchers argue that these similarities reveal a common ancestry and indicate that the herpesviruses have retained this cytokine-synthesis-inhibitory property.
  • Interleukin 10 is a powerful inhibitor of cytokine synthesis and plays a pivotal role in controlling immune responses. Its presence in the herpesvirus genome might contribute to the ability of herpesviruses to evade the host immune system, persist in the host, and cause chronic infections.

Cite This Article

APA
Rode HJ, Janssen W, Rösen-Wolff A, Bugert JJ, Thein P, Becker Y, Darai G. (1993). The genome of equine herpesvirus type 2 harbors an interleukin 10 (IL10)-like gene. Virus Genes, 7(1), 111-116. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01702353

Publication

Virus genes
ISSN: 0920-8569
NlmUniqueID: 8803967
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 111-116

Researcher Affiliations

Rode, H J
  • Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Universität Heidelberg, Germany.
Janssen, W
    Rösen-Wolff, A
      Bugert, J J
        Thein, P
          Becker, Y
            Darai, G

              MeSH Terms

              • Amino Acid Sequence
              • Animals
              • Base Sequence
              • DNA, Viral / genetics
              • Genes, Viral
              • Herpesviridae / genetics
              • Herpesvirus 4, Human / genetics
              • Humans
              • Interleukin-10 / genetics
              • Mice
              • Molecular Sequence Data
              • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
              • Species Specificity
              • Viral Proteins / genetics

              References

              This article includes 20 references
              1. Browning GF, Studdert MJ. Physical mapping of a genome of equine herpesvirus 2 (equine cytomegalovirus).. Arch Virol 1989;104(1-2):77-86.
                pubmed: 2923549doi: 10.1007/BF01313809google scholar: lookup
              2. Fernandez-Botran R, Sanders VM, Mosmann TR, Vitetta ES. Lymphokine-mediated regulation of the proliferative response of clones of T helper 1 and T helper 2 cells.. J Exp Med 1988 Aug 1;168(2):543-58.
                pubmed: 2970518doi: 10.1084/jem.168.2.543google scholar: lookup
              3. Moore KW, Vieira P, Fiorentino DF, Trounstine ML, Khan TA, Mosmann TR. Homology of cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (IL-10) to the Epstein-Barr virus gene BCRFI.. Science 1990 Jun 8;248(4960):1230-4.
                pubmed: 2161559doi: 10.1126/science.2161559google scholar: lookup
              4. Fiorentino DF, Bond MW, Mosmann TR. Two types of mouse T helper cell. IV. Th2 clones secrete a factor that inhibits cytokine production by Th1 clones.. J Exp Med 1989 Dec 1;170(6):2081-95.
                pubmed: 2531194doi: 10.1084/jem.170.6.2081google scholar: lookup
              5. Staczek J, Wharton JH, Dauenhauer SA, O'Callaghan DJ. Coestablishment of persistent infection and oncogenic transformation of hamster embryo cells by equine cytomegalovirus.. Virology 1984 Jan 30;132(2):339-51.
                pubmed: 6322417doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(84)90040-0google scholar: lookup
              6. Horowitz JB, Kaye J, Conrad PJ, Katz ME, Janeway CA Jr. Autocrine growth inhibition of a cloned line of helper T cells.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1986 Mar;83(6):1886-90.
                pubmed: 2937064doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.6.1886google scholar: lookup
              7. Honess RW. Herpes simplex and 'the herpes complex': diverse observations and a unifying hypothesis. The eighth Fleming lecture.. J Gen Virol 1984 Dec;65 ( Pt 12):2077-107.
                pubmed: 6096488doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-65-12-2077google scholar: lookup
              8. Browning GF, Studdert MJ. Epidemiology of equine herpesvirus 2 (equine cytomegalovirus).. J Clin Microbiol 1987 Jan;25(1):13-6.
                pubmed: 3025249doi: 10.1128/jcm.25.1.13-16.1987google scholar: lookup
              9. de Waal Malefyt R, Haanen J, Spits H, Roncarolo MG, te Velde A, Figdor C, Johnson K, Kastelein R, Yssel H, de Vries JE. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and viral IL-10 strongly reduce antigen-specific human T cell proliferation by diminishing the antigen-presenting capacity of monocytes via downregulation of class II major histocompatibility complex expression.. J Exp Med 1991 Oct 1;174(4):915-24.
                pubmed: 1655948doi: 10.1084/jem.174.4.915google scholar: lookup
              10. Sanger F, Coulson AR. The use of thin acrylamide gels for DNA sequencing.. FEBS Lett 1978 Mar 1;87(1):107-10.
                pubmed: 631324doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(78)80145-8google scholar: lookup
              11. Tabor S, Richardson CC. DNA sequence analysis with a modified bacteriophage T7 DNA polymerase.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987 Jul;84(14):4767-71.
                pubmed: 3474623doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.14.4767google scholar: lookup
              12. Sanger F, Nicklen S, Coulson AR. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7.
                pubmed: 271968doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463google scholar: lookup
              13. Fiorentino DF, Zlotnik A, Mosmann TR, Howard M, O'Garra A. IL-10 inhibits cytokine production by activated macrophages.. J Immunol 1991 Dec 1;147(11):3815-22.
                pubmed: 1940369
              14. Colacino JM, Flowers CC, Menna J, O'Callaghan DJ, Staczek J. Physical structure and molecular cloning of equine cytomegalovirus DNA.. Virology 1989 Dec;173(2):566-80.
                pubmed: 2556843doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90568-0google scholar: lookup
              15. Baer R, Bankier AT, Biggin MD, Deininger PL, Farrell PJ, Gibson TJ, Hatfull G, Hudson GS, Satchwell SC, Séguin C. DNA sequence and expression of the B95-8 Epstein-Barr virus genome.. Nature 1984 Jul 19-25;310(5974):207-11.
                pubmed: 6087149doi: 10.1038/310207a0google scholar: lookup
              16. Suda T, O'Garra A, MacNeil I, Fischer M, Bond MW, Zlotnik A. Identification of a novel thymocyte growth-promoting factor derived from B cell lymphomas.. Cell Immunol 1990 Aug;129(1):228-40.
                pubmed: 2194678doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(90)90200-bgoogle scholar: lookup
              17. Bairoch A. PROSITE: a dictionary of sites and patterns in proteins.. Nucleic Acids Res 1991 Apr 25;19 Suppl(Suppl):2241-5.
                pubmed: 2041810doi: 10.1093/nar/19.suppl.2241google scholar: lookup
              18. Hsu DH, de Waal Malefyt R, Fiorentino DF, Dang MN, Vieira P, de Vries J, Spits H, Mosmann TR, Moore KW. Expression of interleukin-10 activity by Epstein-Barr virus protein BCRF1.. Science 1990 Nov 9;250(4982):830-2.
                pubmed: 2173142doi: 10.1126/science.2173142google scholar: lookup
              19. Gajewski TF, Fitch FW. Anti-proliferative effect of IFN-gamma in immune regulation. I. IFN-gamma inhibits the proliferation of Th2 but not Th1 murine helper T lymphocyte clones.. J Immunol 1988 Jun 15;140(12):4245-52.
                pubmed: 2967332
              20. Vieira P, de Waal-Malefyt R, Dang MN, Johnson KE, Kastelein R, Fiorentino DF, deVries JE, Roncarolo MG, Mosmann TR, Moore KW. Isolation and expression of human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor cDNA clones: homology to Epstein-Barr virus open reading frame BCRFI.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1172-6.
                pubmed: 1847510doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.4.1172google scholar: lookup

              Citations

              This article has been cited 20 times.
              1. Embregts CWE, Begeman L, Voesenek CJ, Martina BEE, Koopmans MPG, Kuiken T, GeurtsvanKessel CH. Street RABV Induces the Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages by Binding to nAChr α7. Front Immunol 2021;12:622516.
                doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.622516pubmed: 33679766google scholar: lookup
              2. Ni G, Wang T, Yang L, Wang Y, Liu X, Wei MQ. Combining anaerobic bacterial oncolysis with vaccination that blocks interleukin-10 signaling may achieve better outcomes for late stage cancer management. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016 Mar 3;12(3):599-606.
                doi: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1089008pubmed: 26367244google scholar: lookup
              3. Stack G, Stacey MA, Humphreys IR. Herpesvirus exploitation of host immune inhibitory pathways. Viruses 2012 Aug;4(8):1182-201.
                doi: 10.3390/v4081182pubmed: 23012619google scholar: lookup
              4. Tze LE, Horikawa K, Domaschenz H, Howard DR, Roots CM, Rigby RJ, Way DA, Ohmura-Hoshino M, Ishido S, Andoniou CE, Degli-Esposti MA, Goodnow CC. CD83 increases MHC II and CD86 on dendritic cells by opposing IL-10-driven MARCH1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. J Exp Med 2011 Jan 17;208(1):149-65.
                doi: 10.1084/jem.20092203pubmed: 21220452google scholar: lookup
              5. Zdanov A. Structural analysis of cytokines comprising the IL-10 family. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2010 Oct;21(5):325-30.
                doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2010.08.003pubmed: 20846897google scholar: lookup
              6. Hedrich CM, Bream JH. Cell type-specific regulation of IL-10 expression in inflammation and disease. Immunol Res 2010 Jul;47(1-3):185-206.
                doi: 10.1007/s12026-009-8150-5pubmed: 20087682google scholar: lookup
              7. Slobedman B, Barry PA, Spencer JV, Avdic S, Abendroth A. Virus-encoded homologs of cellular interleukin-10 and their control of host immune function. J Virol 2009 Oct;83(19):9618-29.
                doi: 10.1128/JVI.01098-09pubmed: 19640997google scholar: lookup
              8. Gotsch F, Romero R, Kusanovic JP, Erez O, Espinoza J, Kim CJ, Vaisbuch E, Than NG, Mazaki-Tovi S, Chaiworapongsa T, Mazor M, Yoon BH, Edwin S, Gomez R, Mittal P, Hassan SS, Sharma S. The anti-inflammatory limb of the immune response in preterm labor, intra-amniotic infection/inflammation, and spontaneous parturition at term: a role for interleukin-10. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2008 Aug;21(8):529-47.
                doi: 10.1080/14767050802127349pubmed: 18609361google scholar: lookup
              9. Spencer JV, Cadaoas J, Castillo PR, Saini V, Slobedman B. Stimulation of B lymphocytes by cmvIL-10 but not LAcmvIL-10. Virology 2008 Apr 25;374(1):164-9.
                doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2007.11.031pubmed: 18222515google scholar: lookup
              10. Humphreys IR, de Trez C, Kinkade A, Benedict CA, Croft M, Ware CF. Cytomegalovirus exploits IL-10-mediated immune regulation in the salivary glands. J Exp Med 2007 May 14;204(5):1217-25.
                doi: 10.1084/jem.20062424pubmed: 17485516google scholar: lookup
              11. Jenkins C, Abendroth A, Slobedman B. A novel viral transcript with homology to human interleukin-10 is expressed during latent human cytomegalovirus infection. J Virol 2004 Feb;78(3):1440-7.
                doi: 10.1128/jvi.78.3.1440-1447.2004pubmed: 14722299google scholar: lookup
              12. Spencer JV, Lockridge KM, Barry PA, Lin G, Tsang M, Penfold ME, Schall TJ. Potent immunosuppressive activities of cytomegalovirus-encoded interleukin-10. J Virol 2002 Feb;76(3):1285-92.
                doi: 10.1128/jvi.76.3.1285-1292.2002pubmed: 11773404google scholar: lookup
              13. Raftery M, Müller A, Schönrich G. Herpesvirus homologues of cellular genes. Virus Genes 2000;21(1-2):65-75.
                pubmed: 11022790
              14. Knappe A, Hör S, Wittmann S, Fickenscher H. Induction of a novel cellular homolog of interleukin-10, AK155, by transformation of T lymphocytes with herpesvirus saimiri. J Virol 2000 Apr;74(8):3881-7.
                doi: 10.1128/jvi.74.8.3881-3887.2000pubmed: 10729163google scholar: lookup
              15. Laidlaw SM, Anwar MA, Thomas W, Green P, Shaw K, Skinner MA. Fowlpox virus encodes nonessential homologs of cellular alpha-SNAP, PC-1, and an orphan human homolog of a secreted nematode protein. J Virol 1998 Aug;72(8):6742-51.
                doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.8.6742-6751.1998pubmed: 9658122google scholar: lookup
              16. Fleming SB, McCaughan CA, Andrews AE, Nash AD, Mercer AA. A homolog of interleukin-10 is encoded by the poxvirus orf virus. J Virol 1997 Jun;71(6):4857-61.
                doi: 10.1128/JVI.71.6.4857-4861.1997pubmed: 9151886google scholar: lookup
              17. Nicholas J, Ruvolo V, Zong J, Ciufo D, Guo HG, Reitz MS, Hayward GS. A single 13-kilobase divergent locus in the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) genome contains nine open reading frames that are homologous to or related to cellular proteins. J Virol 1997 Mar;71(3):1963-74.
                doi: 10.1128/JVI.71.3.1963-1974.1997pubmed: 9032328google scholar: lookup
              18. Brunovskis P, Kung HJ. Retrotransposition and herpesvirus evolution. Virus Genes 1995;11(2-3):259-70.
                doi: 10.1007/BF01728664pubmed: 8828151google scholar: lookup
              19. Drummer HE, Reubel GH, Studdert MJ. Equine gammaherpesvirus 2 (EHV2) is latent in B lymphocytes. Arch Virol 1996;141(3-4):495-504.
                doi: 10.1007/BF01718313pubmed: 8645091google scholar: lookup
              20. Rode HJ, Bugert JJ, Handermann M, Schnitzler P, Kehm R, Janssen W, Delius H, Darai G. Molecular characterization and determination of the coding capacity of the genome of equine herpesvirus type 2 between the genome coordinates 0.235 and 0.258 (the EcoRI DNA fragment N; 4.2 kbp). Virus Genes 1994 Sep;9(1):61-75.
                doi: 10.1007/BF01703436pubmed: 7871763google scholar: lookup
              Subscribe to our newsletter
              Join 99,001 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.