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Genes2019; 10(6); doi: 10.3390/genes10060480

The Genomic Makeup of Nine Horse Populations Sampled in the Netherlands.

Abstract: The spectrum of modern horse populations encompasses populations with a long history of development in isolation and relatively recently formed types. To increase our understanding of the evolutionary history and provide information on how to optimally conserve or improve these populations with varying development and background for the future, we analyzed genotype data of 184 horses from 9 Dutch or common horse populations in the Netherlands: The Belgian draft horse, Friesian horse, Shetland pony, Icelandic horse, Gelder horse, Groninger horse, harness horse, KWPN sport horse and the Lipizzaner horse population. Various parameters were estimated (e.g., runs of homozygosity and FST values) to gain insight into genetic diversity and relationships within and among these populations. The identified genomic makeup and quantified relationships did mostly conform to the development of these populations as well as past and current breeding practices. In general, populations that allow gene-flow showed less inbreeding and homozygosity. Also, recent bottlenecks (e.g., related to high selective pressure) caused a larger contribution of long ROHs to inbreeding. Maintaining genetic diversity through tailor-made breeding practices is crucial for a healthy continuation of the investigated, mostly inbred and (effectively) small sized horse populations, of which several already experience inbreeding related issues.
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Publication Date: 2019-06-25 PubMed ID: 31242710PubMed Central: PMC6627704DOI: 10.3390/genes10060480Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research is an exploration into the genomic makeup of nine horse populations in the Netherlands, diving into the genetic diversity and relationships within these populations to construct effective conservation and breeding strategies.

Research Objective and Methodology

The study aimed to increase understanding of the evolutionary history of horse populations in the Netherlands, and provide information to optimize their conservation or development. Nine horse populations were analyzed, including the Belgian draft horse, Friesian horse, Shetland pony, Icelandic horse, Gelder horse, Groninger horse, harness horse, KWPN sport horse, and the Lipizzaner horse population.

The researchers examined genotype data from 184 horses, calculating numerous parameters such as runs of homozygosity (ROH) and F values to understand genetic diversity and relationships within and among the populations.

Findings

  • The results supported the known historical development of these horse populations, as well as past and current breeding practices.
  • In general, populations that permitted gene flow showed less inbreeding and homozygosity, implying a more diverse genetic profile.
  • Recent bottlenecks, possibly due to high selective pressure, led to a significant contribution of long ROHs to inbreeding.

Implications and Recommendations

The research has significant implications for conservation biology and horse breeding strategies particularly among relatively small, inbred populations.

  • Maintaining genetic diversity through carefully planned breeding practices is important for the healthy continuation of these horse populations, several of which are already experiencing issues associated with inbreeding.
  • The findings provide breeders with a detailed picture of the genetic diversity and relationships within and among these populations, enabling them to make informed decisions regarding breeding and conservation practices.
  • The researchers hint at the need of avoiding too much selective pressure that could lead to bottlenecks and increased inbreeding, detrimentally affecting the genetic health of the horse populations.

Cite This Article

APA
Schurink A, Shrestha M, Eriksson S, Bosse M, Bovenhuis H, Back W, Johansson AM, Ducro BJ. (2019). The Genomic Makeup of Nine Horse Populations Sampled in the Netherlands. Genes (Basel), 10(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10060480

Publication

Genes
ISSN: 2073-4425
NlmUniqueID: 101551097
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 6

Researcher Affiliations

Schurink, Anouk
  • Centre for Genetic Resources, the Netherlands (CGN), Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands. anouk.schurink@wur.nl.
  • Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands. anouk.schurink@wur.nl.
Shrestha, Merina
  • Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands. merina44_sta@yahoo.com.
  • Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7023, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden. merina44_sta@yahoo.com.
Eriksson, Susanne
  • Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7023, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden. Susanne.Eriksson@slu.se.
Bosse, Mirte
  • Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands. mirte.bosse@wur.nl.
Bovenhuis, Henk
  • Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands. henk.bovenhuis@wur.nl.
Back, Willem
  • Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112-114, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands. W.Back@uu.nl.
  • Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. W.Back@uu.nl.
Johansson, Anna M
  • Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7023, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden. anna.johansson@slu.se.
Ducro, Bart J
  • Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands. bart.ducro@wur.nl.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Breeding
  • Genome / genetics
  • Genomics
  • Genotype
  • Horses / genetics
  • Humans
  • Inbreeding
  • Netherlands
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / genetics

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 17 times.
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