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The influence of age and gender on haematological parameters in Lipizzan horses.
Abstract: Haematological parameters [red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration, mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC)] in resting Lipizzan horses were determined for 143 stallions, 104 mares and 25 foals. The mean RBC and WBC values in Lipizzans were in the lower part of the normal range for warm-blooded horses. The mean PCV, MCV and MCH values were higher, but the mean haemoglobin concentration and MCHC values were lower than reported for other warm-blooded horses. In foals, the mean RBC, WBC, PCV, haemoglobin concentration and MCHC values were higher, whereas MCV and MCH were lower than in older animals. Results indicating a significant decrease in WBC (P < 0.01) and an increase in MCV, MCH and MCHC (P < 0.05) with increasing age are consistent with some other reports on warm-blooded horses. The age-related variations in RBC and PCV were less marked. Contrary to some reports, RBC (P < 0.01), WBC and haemoglobin concentration (P < 0.001) were higher in Lipizzan stallions than in mares, but differences in MCHC, MCH and MCV were insignificant. The specific haematological values determined in Lipizzans are presumably a result of selection and should be taken into consideration when dealing with this race of horses.
Publication Date: 2002-06-19 PubMed ID: 12069265DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.2002.00439.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article investigates the relationship between age, gender, and haematological parameters – specifically focused on red and white blood cells, and various other parameters – in Lipizzan horses.
Objective of the Research
- The research aimed at determining how age and gender influence different haematological parameters, which are: Red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration, mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH), and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in Lipizzan horses. In total, these parameters were studied among 143 stallions, 104 mares, and 25 foals.
Key Findings
- It was found that the mean values for RBC and WBC in Lipizzan horses were at the lower end of the normal range for warm-blooded horses, whereas PCV, MCV, and MCH were higher than average.
- Additionally, the mean haemoglobin concentration and MCHC values were lower than what has been reported for other warm-blooded horses.
- In the case of foals, the mean values for RBC, WBC, PCV, haemoglobin concentration, and MCHC were higher, while MCV and MCH were lower than in older horses.
- The results displayed a significant decrease in WBC and an increase in MCV, MCH, and MCHC with increasing age, mirroring some other reports on warm-blooded horses. The age-related variations in RBC and PCV were less noticeable.
- Contrary to some studies, it was found that RBC, WBC, and haemoglobin concentration were higher in Lipizzan stallions than in mares. But no significant differences were observed in MCHC, MCH, and MCV between the two sexes.
Implications of the Findings
- The specific haematological values derived from this study on Lipizzans suggest a certain effect of selection and indicate the need to consider these unique parameters when dealing with this breed of horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Cebulj-Kadunc N, Bozic M, Kosec M, Cestnik V.
(2002).
The influence of age and gender on haematological parameters in Lipizzan horses.
J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med, 49(4), 217-221.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0442.2002.00439.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. nina.cebulj@vf.uni-lj.si
MeSH Terms
- Age Factors
- Aging / blood
- Animals
- Breeding
- Female
- Hematologic Tests / veterinary
- Horses / blood
- Male
- Reference Values
- Sex Characteristics
Citations
This article has been cited 12 times.- Piccione G, Arfuso F, Giudice E, Aragona F, Pugliatti P, Panzera MF, Zumbo A, Monteverde V, Bartolo V, Barbera A, Giannetto C. Dynamic Adaptation of Hematological Parameters, Albumin, and Non-Esterified Fatty Acids in Saddlebred and Standardbred Horses During Exercise. Animals (Basel) 2025 Jan 21;15(3).
- Orzołek A, Rafalska KT, Domosławska-Wyderska A, Rafalska AM, Dziekońska A, Jastrzębska E, Dobbek D. The effect of solarium light therapy on selected biological and biochemical parameters of peripheral blood in young and old horses. PLoS One 2024;19(5):e0304290.
- Coluccia P, Gizzarelli M, Scicluna MT, Manna G, Foglia Manzillo V, Buono F, Auletta L, Palumbo V, Pasolini MP. A cross-sectional study on performance evaluation in Italian standardbred horses' real-time PCR-positive for Theileria equi. BMC Vet Res 2024 Mar 5;20(1):79.
- Sawesi OK, Elbaz AK, Mahmoud AS, Duro EM, Alteab AA, Milad KK, Bennuor EM. Hematological reference values of horses in Western Libya and their relationship to breed, age, and management. Open Vet J 2023 Dec;13(12):1696-1707.
- Inoue Y, Ono T, Hisaeda K, Yamada Y, Hata A, Shimokawa T, Miyama, Shibano K, Ohzawa E, Kitagawa H, Iwata E. Relationships between the age and blood test results or body sizes in Noma horses. J Equine Sci 2022 Jul;33(2):27-30.
- Čebulj-Kadunc N, Frangež R, Kruljc P. Fluctuations of Physiological Variables during Conditioning of Lipizzan Fillies before Starting under Saddle. Animals (Basel) 2022 Mar 25;12(7).
- Ono T, Inoue Y, Hisaeda K, Yamada Y, Hata A, Miyama TS, Shibano K, Kitagawa H, Ohzawa E, Iwata E. Effect of seasons and sex on the physical, hematological, and blood biochemical parameters of Noma horses. J Equine Sci 2021 Mar;32(1):21-25.
- Ono T, Yamada Y, Hata A, Shimokawa Miyama T, Shibano K, Iwata E, Ohzawa E, Kitagawa H. Reference values of hematological and blood biochemical parameters for the Noma horse. J Equine Sci 2019 Sep;30(3):69-73.
- Zakari FO, Ayo JO, Rekwot PI, Kawu MU. Effect of age, sex, physical activity and meteorological factors on haematological parameters of donkeys (Equus asinus). Comp Clin Path 2016;25(6):1265-1272.
- Zakari FO, Ayo JO, Rekwot PI, Kawu MU. Effects of age and season on haematological parameters of donkeys during the rainy and cold-dry seasons. Int J Biometeorol 2015 Dec;59(12):1813-24.
- Takasu M, Nagatani N, Tozaki T, Kakoi H, Maeda M, Murase T, Mukoyama H. Hematological and biochemical reference values for the endangered kiso horse. J Equine Sci 2013;24(4):75-8.
- Stefánsdóttir GJ, Ragnarsson S, Gunnarsson V, Jansson A. Physiological response to a breed evaluation field test in Icelandic horses. Animal 2014 Mar;8(3):431-9.
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