The kinetics of hematopoiesis in the light horse II. The hematological response to hemorrhagic anemia.
Abstract: Hemorrhagic anemia was experimentally produced in three Standardbred horses by removing approximately 63% of the red cell mass and the accompanying plasma during a three day interval. Red cell parameters were examined daily for 45 days and then weekly until termination of the experiment 250 days after production of the anemia. Leukocytes, platelets and bone marrow aspirates were examined at regular intervals for 25 days after the final phlebotomy. At 24 hours after the last bleeding, 75-selenomethionine was injected intravenously to measure the lifespan of the newly produced erythrocytes. The erythrocyte lifespan was found to be 139 days as compared to the 155 day erythrocyte lifespan for three normal standardbred horses measured previously by similar techniques. The maximum decrease in erythrocyte numbers occurred four, two and two days following the last phlebotomy to 43, 39 and 44% of the original values. The prebleeding erythrocyte levels were regained at approximately 63, 91 and 98 days respectively. During the initial 45 days post phlebotomy the maximum increase in mean cell colume was 2, 4 and 7 mj-3 respectively. During the recovery period there was erythrocyte production of 6.84, 6.99, and 6.12 x 10-9 cells/kg/day. At the same time the absolute production of hemoglobin was 44.6, 50.0, and 51.0/gm/day or on a relative basis 0.096, 0.114 and 0.113 gm/kg/day.
Publication Date: 1975-07-01 PubMed ID: 1139413PubMed Central: PMC1277466
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- Journal Article
Summary
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Research on hemorrhagic anemia in horses studied the effect of removing 63% of the red blood cell mass and surrounding plasma on cell lifespan and recovery rates. While the lifespan of red blood cells dropped slightly, researchers observed recovery times and erythrocyte production rates during the experiment.
Experimental Procedure
- The experiment was carried out on three Standardbred horses. Hemorrhagic anemia was intentionally induced by extracting about 63% of the animal’s red cell mass and associated plasma across three days.
- Red cell parameters were monitored daily for a period of 45 days, then weekly until the experiment concluded 250 days after the induction of anemia.
- Other important blood components – leukocytes, platelets and bone marrow aspirates – were also regularly examined over 25 days post the final blood draw.
- To measure the lifespan of the newly produced red blood cells (erythrocytes), 75-selenomethionine was injected intravenously into the horses 24 hours after the last round of blood drawing.
Findings
- The lifespan of the new red blood cells was shorter compared to regular horses – 139 days instead of the normal 155 days. This was measured through a comparable methodology.
- The significant drop in erythrocyte numbers was observed a short delay (two to four days) after the last phlebotomy procedure, counting for just 39 to 44% of the initial values.
- Recovery of prebleeding erythrocyte levels took between 63 to 98 days depending on the horse.
- Different horses demonstrated different increases in cell volume, ranging from 2 to 7 cubic micrometers in the first 45 days post-bleeding.
- Over the recovery period, the observed production rate for red blood cells varied across the animals but was around 6.84-6.99 x 10-9 cells/kg/day.
- Simultaneously, hemoglobin production averaged at 48.53 gm/day or on a relative scale about 0.108 gm/kg/day.
Conclusion
- This research forms part of the broader understanding surrounding the response and recovery process of horses to hemorrhagic anemia.
- While the newly formed red blood cells had a slightly shorter lifespan, they were still capable of regenerating to bring the erythrocyte levels back to pre-bleeding conditions in a span of a few months.
Cite This Article
APA
Lumsden JH, Valli VE, McSherry BJ, Robinson GA, Claxton MJ.
(1975).
The kinetics of hematopoiesis in the light horse II. The hematological response to hemorrhagic anemia.
Can J Comp Med, 39(3), 324-331.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Anemia / blood
- Anemia / veterinary
- Animals
- Blood Cell Count
- Blood Platelets
- Bloodletting
- Bone Marrow / metabolism
- Erythrocyte Aging
- Fibrinogen / metabolism
- Hematocrit
- Hematopoiesis
- Hemoglobins / metabolism
- Horse Diseases / blood
- Horses / physiology
- Iron / metabolism
- Leukocytes / metabolism
- Neutrophils / metabolism
- Radioisotopes
- Selenium
References
This article includes 18 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Kämpf S, Seiler E, Bujok J, Hofmann-Lehmann R, Riond B, Makhro A, Bogdanova A. Aging Markers in Equine Red Blood Cells. Front Physiol 2019;10:893.
- Lumsden HJ, Valli VE, McSherry BJ, Robinson GA, Claxton MJ. The kinetics of hematopoiesis in the light horse III. The hematological response to hemolytic anemia. Can J Comp Med 1975 Jul;39(3):332-9.
- Oddsdóttir C, Jónsdóttir HK, Sturludóttir E, Vilanova XM. The Effect of Repeated Blood Harvesting from Pregnant Mares on Haematological Variables. Animals (Basel) 2024 Feb 28;14(5).
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