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Canadian journal of comparative medicine : Revue canadienne de medecine comparee1975; 39(3); 332-339;

The kinetics of hematopoiesis in the light horse III. The hematological response to hemolytic anemia.

Abstract: The hematological response to acetylphenylhydrazine hemolytic anemia was studied in three standardbred horses. The lifespan of erythrocytes produced during the most severe phase of the anemia were measured with 75-selenomethionine and found to be 144 days as compared to the 139 day lifespan in response to hemorrhagic anemia or 155 days in normal standardbred horses measured previously using the same technique. The erythrocyte counts returned to initial values in 42 days (37, 34 and 54 days) a mean erythrocyte production of 6.4 times 10-12 erythrocytes/day. The mean hemoglobin production was 0.31 gm/kg body weight/day as compared to 0.11 gm Hb/kg/day previously observed in response to hemorrhagic anemia. The mean increase in erythrocyte mean cell volume was 12 mu-3 during the acute response phase to hemolytic anemia in contrast to the absence of a significant increase in the mean cell volume as previously observed during response to hemorrhagic anemia. Free Heinz bodies separated from erythrocytes during the acute phase could not be differentiated from platelets on the hemocytometer counting chamber with standard techniques.
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Publication Date: 1975-07-01 PubMed ID: 1139414PubMed Central: PMC1277467
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigated the blood response of standardbred horses to a type of anemia caused by Acetylphenylhydrazine, specifically focusing on red blood cell lifespan, count recovery, and volume increase during the severe phase of anemia.

Research Scope and Methodology

  • The researchers focused on the hematological effects of Acetylphenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia in standardbred horses. Hemolytic anemia is a condition where red blood cells (erythrocytes) are destroyed faster than they can be made, resulting in decreased red blood cell count.
  • The lifespan, count recovery, and average volume increase of erythrocytes during the severe phase of this anemia were the primary variables under study. Specifically, they looked at how these aspects changed during the peak anemia phase compared to normal conditions and hemorrhagic anemia.
  • The lifespan of erythrocytes during anemia was determined using the 75-selenomethionine technique. This involved labeling new red blood cells with this radioisotope and tracking how long they remained in circulation.

Examined Erythrocyte Lifespan and Count Recovery

  • Researchers found the average lifespan of the erythrocytes to be five days shorter during the anemia period compared to normal conditions (155 days vs. 144 days) and five days longer compared to hemorrhagic anemia conditions (139 days vs. 144 days).
  • Erythrocyte count recovery was another key finding in this study. After anemia, it took on average 42 days for the red blood cell count to go back to its initial level.
  • The standardbred horses produced a mean 6.4 times 10-12 erythrocytes per day during the recovery period. This indicates a high rate of erythrocyte turnover during and after severe hemolytic anemia, which helps restore the red blood cell count.

Comparisons of Hemoglobin Production and Mean Cell Volume

  • The research also highlighted variations in hemoglobin production compared to when the horses were experiencing hemorrhagic anemia. The daily hemoglobin production rate was found to be nearly three times higher during the anemia resulting from Acetylphenylhydrazine (0.31 gm/kg vs. 0.11 gm/kg). This suggests that a significant increase in hemoglobin production can occur as an acute response to Acetylphenylhydrazine-induced anemia.
  • Finally, they observed an increase in the average volume of red blood cells during the acute phase of Acetylphenylhydrazine-induced anemia (+12 cubic micrometers), contrasting with the absence of volume increase when dealing with hemorrhagic anemia.
  • Interestingly, the researchers noticed that Heinz bodies, abnormal clusters formed within red blood cells during hemolytic anemia, could not be distinguished from platelets using standard counting techniques on a hemocytometer.

Implications and Contributions

  • These findings provide valuable insights into the red blood cell response from Acetylphenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia in horses, informing greater understanding of the disease’s trajectory and potential treatment strategies.
  • Further, the research potentially challenges existing methods of differentiating between cell types during severe anemia, with the finding that Heinz bodies couldn’t be easily differentiated from platelets.

Cite This Article

APA
Lumsden HJ, Valli VE, McSherry BJ, Robinson GA, Claxton MJ. (1975). The kinetics of hematopoiesis in the light horse III. The hematological response to hemolytic anemia. Can J Comp Med, 39(3), 332-339.

Publication

Canadian journal of comparative medicine : Revue canadienne de medecine comparee
ISSN: 0008-4050
NlmUniqueID: 0151747
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 39
Issue: 3
Pages: 332-339

Researcher Affiliations

Lumsden, H J
    Valli, V E
      McSherry, B J
        Robinson, G A
          Claxton, M J

            MeSH Terms

            • Anemia, Hemolytic / chemically induced
            • Anemia, Hemolytic / veterinary
            • Animals
            • Bilirubin / blood
            • Blood Platelets
            • Body Weight
            • Erythrocyte Aging
            • Erythrocyte Count
            • Haptoglobins / analysis
            • Heinz Bodies / metabolism
            • Hematopoiesis
            • Hemoglobins / analysis
            • Horse Diseases / physiopathology
            • Horses / physiology
            • Iron / metabolism
            • Leukocytes / metabolism
            • Neutrophils / metabolism
            • Phenylhydrazines
            • Radioisotopes
            • Selenium

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            Citations

            This article has been cited 2 times.
            1. Kämpf S, Seiler E, Bujok J, Hofmann-Lehmann R, Riond B, Makhro A, Bogdanova A. Aging Markers in Equine Red Blood Cells. Front Physiol 2019;10:893.
              doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00893pubmed: 31379601google scholar: lookup
            2. Sawesi OK, Elbaz AK, Mahmoud AS, Duro EM, Alteab AA, Milad KK, Bennuor EM. Hematological reference values of horses in Western Libya and their relationship to breed, age, and management. Open Vet J 2023 Dec;13(12):1696-1707.
              doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.18pubmed: 38292715google scholar: lookup
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