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Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology2023; 282; 111442; doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111442

The oxygen transport cascade and exercise: Lessons from comparative physiology.

Abstract: Studies of animal physiology not only provide valuable knowledge for the species in question, but also offer insights into human physiology. This thought is best highlighted by the 'Krogh Principle', which states "for many problems there is an animal on which it can be most conveniently studied". This graphical review focuses on three distinct stages of the oxygen transport cascade in which human exercise physiology knowledge has been enhanced by studies carried out in animal models. We begin by exploring ventilation, and the detrimental effects of cold, dry air on the airways in two sets of elite athletes, the cross-country skier and the racing sled dog. We then discuss the transport of oxygen via hemoglobin in humans and deer mice with relatively shifted oxygen dissociation curves. Finally, we consider the technical difficulties of measuring respiratory muscle blood flow in exercising humans and how an equine model can provide an understanding of the distribution of blood flow during exercise. These cases illustrate the complementary nature of physiological studies across species.
Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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Publication Date: 2023-05-13 PubMed ID: 37182787PubMed Central: PMC10330610DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111442Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Research Support
  • N.I.H.
  • Extramural

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The article discusses how animal physiology studies contribute to our understanding of human exercise physiology, focusing on three stages of the oxygen transport cascade: ventilation, transport of oxygen via hemoglobin, and measuring respiratory muscle blood flow.

Ventilation and Effects of Cold, Dry Air

Firstly, the article discusses the influence of ventilation in the process of oxygen transport, concentrating on how external factors can impact this stage. The authors have used two animal models to emphasize this point:

  • They examined the effects of exposure to cold, dry air in cross-country skiers and racing sled dogs — two groups that are known for their extreme physical exertions in harsh weather conditions. The aim was to understand how such weather elements can have a negative impact on the airways during intense physical activity.

Oxygen Transport via Hemoglobin

Secondly, the research delved into the transportation of oxygen via hemoglobin:

  • The study compared the oxygen transport process in humans and deer mice, both having different oxygen dissociation curves. The purpose of this comparison was to highlight relative shifts in these curves that could influence the effectiveness of oxygen transport during exercise.

Measuring Respiratory Muscle Blood Flow

The final focus was on the challenges associated with measuring the blood flow to respiratory muscles during human exercise:

  • By using an equine model, the authors discussed how studying blood flow in animals could provide better insights into the distribution of blood flow during physical activity in humans.

The central theme across these distinct areas was the way animal studies augment our understanding of human physical performance, refining the ‘Krogh Principle’ in practical terms.

Cite This Article

APA
Ramsook AH, Dominelli PB, Angus SA, Senefeld JW, Wiggins CC, Joyner MJ. (2023). The oxygen transport cascade and exercise: Lessons from comparative physiology. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol, 282, 111442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111442

Publication

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology
ISSN: 1531-4332
NlmUniqueID: 9806096
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 282
Pages: 111442
PII: S1095-6433(23)00075-2

Researcher Affiliations

Ramsook, Andrew H
  • Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/ahramsook.
Dominelli, Paolo B
  • Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Angus, Sarah A
  • Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Senefeld, Jonathon W
  • Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA; Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/jwsenefeld.
Wiggins, Chad C
  • Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA; Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/cwiggs5.
Joyner, Michael J
  • Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA; Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address: joyner.michael@mayo.edu.

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Dogs
  • Physiology, Comparative
  • Respiratory Physiological Phenomena
  • Models, Animal
  • Lung
  • Oxygen

Grant Funding

  • F32 HL154320 / NHLBI NIH HHS
  • R35 HL139854 / NHLBI NIH HHS

Conflict of Interest Statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors (Andrew H. Ramsook, Paolo B. Dominelli, Sarah A. Angus, Jonathon W. Senefeld, Chad C. Wiggins Michael J. Joyner) declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
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