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Home / Equine Research Bank / Open Vet J / The prevalence of Gasterophilus intestinalis (Diptera: Oestr...
Open veterinary journal2018; 8(4); 423-431; doi: 10.4314/ovj.v8i4.12

The prevalence of Gasterophilus intestinalis (Diptera: Oestridae) in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt with special reference to larvicidal effects of neem seed oil extract (Azadirachta indica) on third stage larvae.

Abstract: larvae are of veterinary and medical importance caused specific equine intestinal myiasis. (Botfly larvae) had a wide geographical distribution. The present study explores the prevalence rate of 3 stage larvae in Egypt from January- December 2017; besides, in vitro trials to control of this larvae and evaluation of this trial using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and histopathology of treated larvae. In the present study, the 3 larval stage of was found in clusters in the epithelium of the investigated stomach and infested with prevalence rate 97.2%. The highest collected numbers of larvae were found in two months; March and August (570 & 520 larvae) and lowest numbers (200 larvae) were collected in October, November, and December. The calculated LC and LC values of neem seed extract were 707.9 ppm and 1090.7 ppm. The different alteration was recorded after exposure to oil extract which showed some destruction on cuticle surface as folded and corrugated cuticle, destruction of maxillae with pits on its surface, disfigure and irregularity of cephalic spines. Histopathology of exposed larvae showed different changes as thinning of cuticle at the different level (exocuticle, endocuticle, cell layers), degeneration of epithelial cells of the gut and different degree of necrosis was described. Life cycle of was followed up after treatment with neem seed extract.
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Publication Date: 2018-11-15 PubMed ID: 30538934PubMed Central: PMC6243205DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v8i4.12Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research explored the commonness of Gasterophilus intestinalis, a parasite larvae, in donkeys in Egypt, and the potential efficacy of neem seed oil in killing these larvae.

Understanding Gasterophilus intestinalis

  • The focal point of this research is Gasterophilus intestinalis, a type of botfly larva. This parasite is of both veterinary and medical importance as it causes specific equine intestinal myiasis – a form of infection caused by fly larvae that feed on the host’s dead or living tissue.
  • The study was conducted over a year (January to December 2017), in Egypt where the geographical distribution of Gasterophilus intestinalis is widely recognized.

Prevalence of Gasterophilus intestinalis in Donkeys

  • The researchers discovered a remarkably high prevalence rate of this parasite in the stomachs of the donkeys; a staggering 97.2% of donkeys were infested.
  • The highest numbers of larvae were recorded in the months of March and August with 570 and 520 larvae respectively, the lowest numbers were encountered in October, November, and December (200 larvae).

Neem Seed Oil as a Larvicide

  • The study conducted in vitro tests (tests done in lab settings with cells or biological molecules studied outside their normal biological context) to assess the effectiveness of neem seed oil extract in the destruction of these larvae.
  • The calculated lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90, lethal concentrations to kill 50% and 90% of the infesting organism respectively) of the neem seed extract were 707.9 parts per million (ppm) and 1090.7 ppm respectively.
  • Analysis via a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and histopathological studies showed the degeneration of the larvae when treated with the neem seed oil extract. Alterations in the cuticle surface, maxillae destruction, and irregularity of cephalic spines were among the changes noted.
  • Exposure to neem seed oil also revealed alterations in the life cycle of the larvae.

This research suggests possible benefits for veterinary health and infection prevention with the use of neem seed extract due to its larvicidal impacts on Gasterophilus intestinalis.

Cite This Article

APA
Attia MM, Khalifa MM, Mahdy OA. (2018). The prevalence of Gasterophilus intestinalis (Diptera: Oestridae) in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt with special reference to larvicidal effects of neem seed oil extract (Azadirachta indica) on third stage larvae. Open Vet J, 8(4), 423-431. https://doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v8i4.12

Publication

Open veterinary journal
ISSN: 2226-4485
NlmUniqueID: 101653182
Country: Libya
Language: English
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Pages: 423-431

Researcher Affiliations

Attia, Marwa M
  • Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, P.O. Box 12211, Egypt.
Khalifa, Marwa M
  • Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, P.O. Box 12211, Egypt.
Mahdy, Olfat A
  • Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, P.O. Box 12211, Egypt.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Elghandour MMMY, Maggiolino A, Vázquez-Mendoza P, Alvarado-Ramírez ER, Cedillo-Monroy J, De Palo P, Salem AZM. Moringa oleifera as a Natural Alternative for the Control of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Equines: A Review.. Plants (Basel) 2023 May 8;12(9).
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  2. El-Hawagry MSA, Abdel-Dayem MS, Dhafer HMA. The family Oestridae in Egypt and Saudi Arabia (Diptera, Oestroidea).. Zookeys 2020;947:113-142.
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