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Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire1989; 53(2); 231-238;

The protective effects of sucralfate and ranitidine in foals experimentally intoxicated with phenylbutazone.

Abstract: The effects of sucralfate and ranitidine on the gastrointestinal manifestations of phenylbutazone (PBZ) toxicity in horse foals were determined by complete blood count, serum chemistry profile, and gross and histological necropsy examinations. Twenty-eight, three to four month old Belgian-cross foals were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Phenylbutazone was administered at a dosage of 10 mg/kg of bodyweight (BW) per day, intravenously (IV), in equally divided doses to three of the groups. In addition to PBZ, ranitidine was administered at 2 mg/kg BW, IV, twice daily, to one group of seven foals (PBZ/ranitidine group), and sucralfate was administered at 4 g, orally, twice daily to another group of seven foals (PBZ/sucralfate group). A fourth group received normal saline IV and corn syrup orally, twice daily, as placebos (control group). Treatments were administered for ten days. Clinical signs included oral ulceration (in all PBZ-treated foals) and diarrhea (5/7 and 2/7 foals from the PBZ and PBZ/ranitidine groups, respectively). A reduction in total protein and albumin was greatest in the PBZ group and least in the PBZ/ranitidine and PBZ/sucralfate groups when compared to the control group. The PBZ group lost weight during the treatment period. At necropsy, the PBZ group had the greatest area of oral ulceration compared to the other treatment groups. All foals treated with PBZ had gastric ulcers; however, the PBZ group had the most severe gastric epithelial necrosis compared to the other three treatment groups. Duodenal villous atrophy, epithelial necrosis and mucosal inflammation, and a reduction in epithelial mitotic figures were seen in all PBZ-treated foals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Publication Date: 1989-04-01 PubMed ID: 2713788PubMed Central: PMC1255552
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research examines the effects of sucralfate and ranitidine in lessening the gastrointestinal harm caused by phenylbutazone toxicity in young horses. The study demonstrates that both sucralfate and ranitidine alleviate these negative effects, suggesting their potential use as protective treatments during phenylbutazone usage.

Objectives of the Study

  • The aim of this study is to determine the impact of sucralfate and ranitidine on the damage to the gastrointestinal system caused by phenylbutazone toxicity in young horses.

Methodology

  • Twenty-eight Belgian-cross foals, aged three to four months, were divided into four groups. Amongst them, three groups were treated with phenylbutazone at a dosage of 10 mg/kg of bodyweight (BW) daily, which was injected intravenously (IV).
  • To test the efficacy of protective treatments, one subgroup was also given ranitidine, another one was given sucralfate in addition to phenylbutazone. A dosage of 2 mg/kg of BW was given of ranitidine while sucralfate was given orally at a rate of 4g, twice daily.
  • The fourth group acted as a control and were given a placebo of normal saline IV and corn syrup orally, twice daily.
  • The treatment was administered for a period of ten days.

Results of Study

  • All phenylbutazone treated foals showed clinical symptoms of oral ulceration. Diarrhea was also noticed in 5 out of 7 foals in the PBZ group and 2 out of 7 foals in the PBZ/ranitidine group.
  • Lower levels of total protein and albumin were found more in the PBZ group, with the least reduction in the PBZ/ranitidine and PBZ/sucralfate groups as compared to the control group
  • The PBZ group also lost weight during the treatment period.
  • During necropsy, the PBZ group had the largest area of oral ulceration compared to the other treatment groups. All PBZ treated foals had gastric ulcers but those in the PBZ group showed the most severe necrosis of the gastric epithelium. In all PBZ-treated foals duodenal villous atrophy, epithelial necrosis and mucosal inflammation, and reduction in epithelial mitotic figures were observed.

Conclusions

  • The study revealed that both ranitidine and sucralfate improve the negative gastrointestinal effects of phenylbutazone in foals and could be used as protective measures during phenylbutazone treatment.

Cite This Article

APA
Geor RJ, Petrie L, Papich MG, Rousseaux C. (1989). The protective effects of sucralfate and ranitidine in foals experimentally intoxicated with phenylbutazone. Can J Vet Res, 53(2), 231-238.

Publication

Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
ISSN: 0830-9000
NlmUniqueID: 8607793
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 53
Issue: 2
Pages: 231-238

Researcher Affiliations

Geor, R J
  • Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.
Petrie, L
    Papich, M G
      Rousseaux, C

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Animals, Newborn
        • Blood Chemical Analysis / veterinary
        • Digestive System Diseases / chemically induced
        • Digestive System Diseases / prevention & control
        • Digestive System Diseases / veterinary
        • Duodenum / pathology
        • Hematologic Tests / veterinary
        • Horse Diseases / chemically induced
        • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
        • Horses
        • Mouth Diseases / chemically induced
        • Mouth Diseases / prevention & control
        • Mouth Diseases / veterinary
        • Necrosis
        • Phenylbutazone / toxicity
        • Ranitidine / therapeutic use
        • Stomach / pathology
        • Stomach Diseases / chemically induced
        • Stomach Diseases / prevention & control
        • Stomach Diseases / veterinary
        • Sucralfate / therapeutic use

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        Citations

        This article has been cited 6 times.
        1. Flood J, Byrne D, Bauquier J, Agne GF, Wise JC, Medina-Torres CE, Wood K, Sullivan O, Stewart AJ. Right dorsal colitis in horses: A multicenter retrospective study of 35 cases. J Vet Intern Med 2023 Nov-Dec;37(6):2535-2543.
          doi: 10.1111/jvim.16884pubmed: 37800408google scholar: lookup
        2. Flood J, Stewart AJ. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Associated Toxicities in Horses. Animals (Basel) 2022 Oct 26;12(21).
          doi: 10.3390/ani12212939pubmed: 36359062google scholar: lookup
        3. Marks SL, Kook PH, Papich MG, Tolbert MK, Willard MD. ACVIM consensus statement: Support for rational administration of gastrointestinal protectants to dogs and cats. J Vet Intern Med 2018 Nov;32(6):1823-1840.
          doi: 10.1111/jvim.15337pubmed: 30378711google scholar: lookup
        4. Hellings IR, Larsen S. ImproWin® in the treatment of gastric ulceration of the squamous mucosa in trotting racehorses. Acta Vet Scand 2014 Mar 13;56(1):13.
          doi: 10.1186/1751-0147-56-13pubmed: 24625291google scholar: lookup
        5. Léveillé R, Miyabayashi T, Weisbrode SE, Biller DS, Takiguchi M, Williams JF. Ultrasonographic renal changes associated with phenylbutazone administration in three foals. Can Vet J 1996 Apr;37(4):235-6.
          pubmed: 8801021
        6. Dowling PM. Therapy of gastrointestinal ulcers. Can Vet J 1995 May;36(5):276-7.
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