The reliability of endoscopic examination in assessment of arytenoid cartilage movement in horses. Part I: Subjective and objective laryngeal evaluation.
Abstract: Videorecordings of the laryngeal activity of 108 unsedated horses were obtained at rest by passing a flexible videoendoscope into the nasopharynx through the right ventral meatus. All videotaped images were reviewed once, and 72 were reviewed twice, by three veterinarians. Laryngeal cartilage movement was assessed subjectively with a five-tier grading system. The mean intraobserver agreement was 83.3% (range, 75.0%-90.2%) with a kappa statistic of .65 to .98. The mean interobserver agreement was 79.0% (range, 70.4%-80.6%) with a kappa statistic of .51 to .90. A computer program was developed to measure the left:right ratio of the rima glottidis. The mean left:right ratio for horses assigned a median laryngeal grade of I was 0.84 (range, 0.55-1.03); for grade II, 0.82 (0.50-1.12); for grade III, 0.59 (0.39-0.91); and for grade IV, 0.24 (0.07-0.35).
Publication Date: 1991-05-01 PubMed ID: 1853549DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.1991.tb00331.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research examined the effectiveness of a video endoscope technique in predicting movement of cartilage in a horse’s larynx. The results showed reasonably good agreement between observers, and consistency between the traditional grading system and the new method was developed using a computer program.
Introduction and Methodology
- The research focused on studying the laryngeal activity of horses and its assessment process, specifically in terms of the movement of arytenoid cartilage.
- Video recordings of 108 unsedated horses were taken at rest using a flexible video-endoscope, which was inserted into the nasopharynx via the right ventral meatus.
- The three veterinarians reviewed all videos once, while 72 videos were reviewed twice.
Evaluation and Grading System
- Laryngeal cartilage movement was subjectively assessed utilizing a five-tier grading system.
- Intraobserver agreement, or the degree of agreement among repeated measurements of the same object by the same observer, had an average of 83.3% with a kappa statistic range of .65 to .98. This indicates relatively significant consistency and agreement in the observations made by the same veterinarian.
Interobserver Agreement and Computer Program
- Interobserver agreement, which quantifies the degree of agreement among different observers, averaged 79% with a kappa statistic range from .51 to .90. This suggests a reasonably high level of consensus between the observations of different veterinarians.
- In addition to the subjective assessment, a computer program was developed to objectively measure the left to right ratio of the rima glottidis – an opening between the vocal folds in the larynx.
Results and Analysis
- The findings showed different mean left to right ratios for each grade, with higher laryngeal grades associated with lower left to right ratios. This may suggest that the grade of laryngeal cartilage movement in horses could be correlated with the left to right ratio of the rima glottidis.
- This study demonstrates that endoscopic examination can be a reliable tool for assessing arytenoid cartilage movement in horses, with reasonable agreement between observers and correlations with traditional grading systems.
Cite This Article
APA
Hackett RP, Ducharme NG, Fubini SL, Erb HN.
(1991).
The reliability of endoscopic examination in assessment of arytenoid cartilage movement in horses. Part I: Subjective and objective laryngeal evaluation.
Vet Surg, 20(3), 174-179.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.1991.tb00331.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Arytenoid Cartilage / physiology
- Female
- Horses / physiology
- Laryngoscopy / veterinary
- Male
- Movement
- Observer Variation
- Videotape Recording
Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Ahern BJ, Sole A, de Klerk K, Hogg LR, Vallance SA, Bertin FR, Franklin SH. Evaluation of postsale endoscopy as a predictor of future racing performance in an Australian thoroughbred yearling population.. Aust Vet J 2022 Jun;100(6):254-260.
- Cercone M, Hokanson CM, Olsen E, Ducharme NG, Mitchell LM, Piercy RJ, Cheetham J. Asymmetric recurrent laryngeal nerve conduction velocities and dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle electromyographic characteristics in clinically normal horses.. Sci Rep 2019 Feb 25;9(1):2713.
- Aleman M, Spriet M, Williams DC, Nieto JE. Neurologic Deficits Including Auditory Loss and Recovery of Function in Horses with Temporohyoid Osteoarthropathy.. J Vet Intern Med 2016 Jan-Feb;30(1):282-8.
- Sasaki N, Morita Y, Moriyama T, Yamada H. Evaluation of the cranial cruciate ligament repair system(®) in surgery for laryngeal hemiplegia in heavy draft horses.. J Equine Sci 2009;20(2):19-22.
- Boyko AR, Brooks SA, Behan-Braman A, Castelhano M, Corey E, Oliveira KC, Swinburne JE, Todhunter RJ, Zhang Z, Ainsworth DM, Robinson NE. Genomic analysis establishes correlation between growth and laryngeal neuropathy in Thoroughbreds.. BMC Genomics 2014 Apr 3;15:259.
- Collins N, Milne E, Hahn C, Dixon P. Correlation of the Havemeyer endoscopic laryngeal grading system with histopathological changes in equine Cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscles.. Ir Vet J 2009 May 1;62(5):334-8.
- Ferrucci F, Zucca E, Di Fabio V, Ferro E. Treadmill endoscopic findings in 15 racehorses presented for poor performance.. Vet Res Commun 2003 Sep;27 Suppl 1:395-7.
- Butt TD, MacDonald DG, Crawford WH, Dechant JE. Persistent right aortic arch in a yearling horse.. Can Vet J 1998 Nov;39(11):714-5.
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