The spectrum of antibiotic resistance in human and veterinary isolates of Escherichia coli collected from 1984-86 in northern India.
Abstract: This study was undertaken to assess the spectrum of drug resistance prevalent in Escherichia coli isolates from human and animal populations in Northern India. Three hundred and two isolates of Escherichia coli isolated from various infections of humans (47 from diarrhoea; 101 from urinary tract infection) and veterinary animals (17 from poultry septicaemia; 75 from bovine diarrhoea; 14 from ovine diarrhoea and 48 from equine metritis) were studied for their susceptibility to ampicillin, cephaloridine, amoxycillin, cloxacillin, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. 63.2% of the isolates (37.7%, human; 25.5%, animal) were resistant to one or more drugs, of which about 41% isolates were multiresistant. Resistant isolates had a wide range of MIC values from 12 to 3200 mg/L, irrespective of origin. Most of the isolates (43.5%) were resistant to ampicillin (MIC greater than 16 mg/L) followed by oxytetracycline (MIC greater than 5 mg/L) (36.4%). Only 9.3% isolates were resistant to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (MIC greater than 21 mg/L). The E. coli isolated from animals tended to be resistant to fewer antibiotics than those isolated from man. 99% of the isolates from human urinary tract infection were resistant compared to only 48.9% of the isolates from diarrhoea. Most of the resistant isolates from animals were recovered from diarrhoea, followed by septicaemia and metritis. This study shows that a high frequency of multiresistant strains are prevalent in both human and animal bacterial populations of Northern India. Since the exchange of these strains among both populations is possible, they pose a great risk in both the selection and the spread of resistance.
Publication Date: 1992-02-01 PubMed ID: 1506331DOI: 10.1093/jac/29.2.159Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research article investigates the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria samples collected from humans and animals in Northern India during 1984-86. The results highlight a concerning occurrence of antibiotic resistance and especially multi-resistance to drugs across both human and animal bacterial populations.
Methodology
- The research analyzed 302 isolates of E. coli bacteria. These specimens were collected from various infections affecting both humans and animals.
- Human samples were derived from cases of diarrhea and urinary tract infections.
- The veterinary samples came from instances of bovine diarrhea, poultry septicaemia, ovine diarrhea, and equine metritis.
- Each isolate was tested for susceptibility to nine different antibiotics: ampicillin, cephaloridine, amoxycillin, cloxacillin, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.
Findings
- Of all the E. coli isolates, 63.2% showed resistance to at least one of these antibiotics: 37.7% among human samples and 25.5% among animal samples. From these resistant isolates, about 41% displayed multi-resistance, meaning they were resistant to multiple antibiotics.
- The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC), which measure bacteria’s resistance against antibiotics, varied widely from 12 to 3200 mg/L across all resistant isolates, regardless of their origin.
- Ampicillin and oxytetracycline had the highest rate of resistance among isolates (43.5% and 36.4% respectively). Meanwhile, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole had the lowest at 9.3%.
- An interesting distinction was between E. coli from human urinary tract infections, which showed a 99% resistance rate, compared to a 48.9% rate in diarrhea cases.
Implications
- The primary concern derived from this study is the high presence of multi-resistant E. coli strains in both human and animal bacterial populations. This finding suggests that antibiotic resistance has spread widely across Northern India.
- The potential exchange of these resistant strains between the human and animal populations poses a significant risk in both the selection and the spread of resistance, threatening the effectiveness of antibiotics in treating infections caused by E. coli.
Cite This Article
APA
Singh M, Chaudhry MA, Yadava JN, Sanyal SC.
(1992).
The spectrum of antibiotic resistance in human and veterinary isolates of Escherichia coli collected from 1984-86 in northern India.
J Antimicrob Chemother, 29(2), 159-168.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/29.2.159 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Microbiology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bacteremia / epidemiology
- Bacteremia / microbiology
- Bacteremia / veterinary
- Cattle
- Diarrhea / epidemiology
- Diarrhea / microbiology
- Diarrhea / veterinary
- Drug Resistance, Microbial
- Escherichia coli / drug effects
- Escherichia coli Infections / epidemiology
- Escherichia coli Infections / veterinary
- Goats
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horses
- Humans
- India / epidemiology
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests
- Poultry
- Poultry Diseases / epidemiology
- Poultry Diseases / microbiology
- Sheep
- Urinary Tract Infections / epidemiology
- Urinary Tract Infections / microbiology
- Urinary Tract Infections / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Herawati O, Bejo SK, Zakaria Z, Ramanoon SZ. The global profile of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from goats and sheep: A systematic review.. Vet World 2023 May;16(5):977-986.
- Abima Shazhni JR, Renu A, Vijayaraghavan P. Insights of antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties of antimicrobial secondary metabolites of corm extract from Caladium x hortulanum.. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018 Dec;25(8):1755-1761.
- Suluvoy JK, Berlin Grace VM. Phytochemical profile and free radical nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity of Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruit extract.. 3 Biotech 2017 May;7(1):85.
- Miles TD, McLaughlin W, Brown PD. Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolates from broiler chickens and humans.. BMC Vet Res 2006 Feb 6;2:7.
- Allen UD, MacDonald N, Fuite L, Chan F, Stephens D. Risk factors for resistance to "first-line" antimicrobials among urinary tract isolates of Escherichia coli in children.. CMAJ 1999 May 18;160(10):1436-40.
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