[The use of linear-array real-time echography in veterinary obstetrics and gynecology].

The research investigates the use of linear-array real-time ultrasound in veterinary obstetrics and gynecology. The study focuses on its advantages and applications for different species of domestic mammals such as dogs, goats, pigs, sheep, mares and cows.

Ultrasound in Veterinary Medicine

• The authors discuss the emergence of two-dimensional diagnostic ultrasound methods in veterinary medicine. They particularly emphasise the effectiveness of linear-array real-time ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for examining the female reproductive organs of domestic animals.

Techniques and Equipment

• The article describes the principles of the ultrasound technique used and the equipment involved. It also includes a detailed explanation of how pregnancy can be diagnosed in various animal species using this technology.

Practical Constraints

• For certain species like dogs and goats, shaving is required before the ultrasound transducer can be placed on the abdominal skin. This is not needed in pigs and sheep, where the skin of the inguinal area is usually bare.
• In larger species like mares and cows, the transducer can be inserted into the rectum, minimizing the distance to the reproductive organs which eases the ultrasound scanning process.

Applications of Linear-Array Real-Time Ultrasound

• The study refers to both the authors’ observations and previously published experiences, which suggest a broad range of applications for the ultrasound technology in veterinary obstetrics and gynaecology. These include diagnosis of early pregnancy or confirmation of non-pregnancy; estimation of the number of fetuses; identification of embryonic or fetal mortality; assessment of fetus viability before or during childbirth; checking for additional unborn offspring post-delivery; diagnosis of an enlarged but non-pregnant uterus; and examination of the ovaries.

Expectations for the Future

• In light of the apparent success of the usage of linear-array real-time ultrasound in veterinary medicine, the authors expect that more quantitative information regarding its applications will be available in the coming years, further enhancing its effectiveness and utility in the field.